Вариант 2

Задание 1. Прочитайте текст и переведите его письменно. Ответьте на вопросы после текста письменно. Выучите слова (Active vocabulary).

Active vocabulary:

commodity exchange – обмен товарами	is sold – продается
value – ценность, стоимость	price – цена
in addition – в дополнение, к тому же, кроме того	ideal unit – идеальная единица to measure – измерять
considerable – значительный	cash – наличные деньги
performs – выполняют	purchase – покупка
a measure – мера, единица измерения

MONEY

Money is indispensable in a society in which commodity exchange takes place. In commodity exchange money plays the role of a universal equivalent, that of a commodity expressing the value of all the other commodities.

Gold is the generally accepted money commodity. Because of its natural properties gold is the most convenient substance to carry out the social function of money. It can be easily broken into pieces and melted and “recombined” without any loss of value. It can also be kept safely as it does not become oxidized. In addition it has relatively small volume for its weight while denoting a considerable value.

Money performs a number of functions. First of all, it serves as a measure of value; that is, it is used to measure the value of all other commodities. Each commodity is sold for a certain sum of money, which expresses its value. The value of commodity in terms of money is called its price.

Money is an ideal unit for expressing the value of all other commodities. What this means is that to measure the value of commodities it is not necessary to have cash. As acts of sale and purchase (i.e. the exchange of commodities for money) are repeated many times, the seller and buyer mentally equate the commodity to a certain amount of money (or gold) corresponding to its value.

When commodities are exchanged with the aid of money, the latter also serves as a means of circulation. To perform this function money has to be real, not ideal. What is important is that anyone receiving these symbols of pays for other commodities. That is why states declare paper money to be legal tender.

Answer the questions:

1. What role has money?

2. Why is gold the generally excepted money commodity?

3. What is the first function of money

4. What is the value of a commodity in terms of money?

5. What is an ideal unit for expressing the value of all other commodities?

6. How does money present the function of circulation?

7. What is the next function of money?

8. When does money become treasure?

9. Is it necessary always to have cash?

Задание 2. Перепишите следующие предложения, определяя в них видовременные формы глаголов, укажите их инфинитив. Предложения переведите на русский язык.

1. In his childhood he liked to play hockey.

2. She usually finished her work at five o’clock.

3. They have missed some lectures.

4. They are taking their exam in room 10.

5. Our office is in the centre of the town.

Задание 3. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения. Предложения переведите на русский язык.

1. Your advice is more important for us than hers.

2. Britain has a lower level of unemployment than any other major European Union (EU) country.

3. The longer is the night, the shorter is the day.

Задание 4. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений.

1. There are some tables on the wall.

2. There is no difference between these two figures.

3. I didn’t have any money and I was unable to start my own business.

Задание 5. Перепишите слова, определите по суффиксу часть речи:

а) существительное;

б) прилагательное;

в) наречие

и переведите слова на русский язык.

1. sharply; 2. possible; 3. economic; 4. monetary; 5. poverty; 6. industrial; 7. distribution; 8. personal; 9. extraction; 10. early.