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  1. Fill in the gaps in the text choosing from the words on the right. Then turn to page 153 and check yourself.

Total public expenditure on education in this country ... (1) continuously from 1995 to 2007. In academic year 1995-6 it ... (2) $33,611 million, ... (3) to $39,165 million in 1998-9 and $45,315 million in 2006-7. As a percentage of the government’s budget, spending on education also increased ... (4) year, from 17.6% to 18% and then to 18.2%.

However, the percentage of expenditure spent on primary, secondary and tertiary education did not show the same consistent ... (5) In 1995-6 expenditure on primary education was 22.2% of the education budget, 33.7% ... (6) on secondary, and 35.9% on tertiary.

In 1996-7 an increase of 0.8% in spending on tertiary education ... (7) by a ... (8) in spending of 0.7% in primary and 0.5% in secondary schooling.

In 1997-8 tertiary spending as a percent of the education budget... (9) to its 1995-6 level. The percentage spent on primary education... (10) to 21.6% and that on secondary to 33.5%, ... (11) figures being ... (12) than 1995-6 levels.

    1. both

    2. to increase

    3. to drop

    4. to rise

    5. to be

    6. each

    7. to spend

    8. to finance

    9. to return

    10. less

    11. to decrease

  1. Look at Figure describing the product sales in the three markets in the last 12 months, then complete the text with an appropriate information.

It has been a good year for sales in the markets, as total sales have almost doubled. However, sales trends in the three markets have been very different.

S o in ... market sales rose from 500 a year ago to a high of 3,000, before falling dramatically in ... to 1,000. This was probably due to the re-location of our shop. As customers found the new shop, sales rose again. In ... sales reached 3,500.

In ... market sales were very different. One year ago sales volume was 1,500 per month. This fell steadily to a level of 500 a month in ..., and has stayed at this level. The reason for this is probably that a new competitor moved into the local  market a year ago, and has taken market share in economy-priced products..

The market ... has been the best-performing one, which may be due to its larger size. A year ago sales were 2,500 a month. In ... sales started to rise. They levelled out in ... at 4,000 units per month, and have remained at that level.

Sales are increasing only in market ... In market ... sales volume is relatively high, but it is not increasing. In market ... sales are low, and are not increasing.

12. The USA Bureau of Labor Statistics has provided data on the national projected demand for new workers (examination of the classified ads of the Chicago Tribune, the New York Times, and the Washington Post on a randomly chosen Sunday in March in 1976, 1986, 1996, and 2006).

Describe the trends using the verbs increase; decline; decrease; rise; fall; drop; soar; plummet; grow; etc.

Portray changes in graphs.

1976

1986

1996

2006

Number of ads for 11 different accounting-related job positions

845

967

1465

1578

          • % of ads containing employers' demand for computer skills

1% .

6% .

50% .

70% .

Number of ads for positions that are categorized closest to accounting clerk

467

313

357

236

Number of ads for positions that are categorized are categorized closest to accountant

387

654

1108

1342

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