Будущие исследования бренда
В прошлом, качественные исследования брендов имели четкое различие между теми учеными, которые изучали управление брендами и теми, кто изучали культуры потребления и бренды. Этот разрыв между исследованиями бренд-менеджмента и исследованиями культуры бренда вызывает сожаления, которые являются менее выразительными в информировании менеджеров в том, как развивать бренды в гармонии с рынком. Если мы признаем, что бренд является мультикультурной единицей, построенной из множества различных субъектов действия, то необходимо строить исследования брендов на основе их культуры. Это может показаться весьма очевидным и не нуждающимся в комментарии, но это удивительно, как исследователи, которые, например, изучали построение бренда компании, и при этом часто вводят в дискуссию, что является пониманием бренда для потребителей, а на самом деле никаких исследований с участием потребителей не производилось. В будущих качественных исследованиях бренда следует стремиться интегрировать различные точки зрения, с помощью которых могут быть исследованы культуры брендов. В целом, мы видим, что основная масса исследований брендов направлена или на компании или на потребителей. Исследования отношений между популярной культурой и брендами, другими важными участниками и их использованием брендов гораздо менее изучены. Исследования этих отношений, скорее всего, имеют большой потенциал в создании ценных знаний о культурном происхождении значения бренда. Еще одной областью в будущем представляет изучение культур брендов на развивающихся рынках. Исследователи потребительского спроса до сих пор спорят, действительно или нет, большинство глобальных, особенно западных, брендов гомогенизируют (разбавляют) местную культуру и тем самым уничтожают ее уникальность. Дальнейшие исследования в области культур брендов, по всему миру, позволят нам лучше понять, какую роль бренды играют в современном потреблении.
Список литературы
Aaker, David A. (1991), Managing Brand Equity: Capitalizing on the Value of a Brand Name, New York: Free Press.
Aaker, David A. (1996), Building Strong Brands, New York: Free Press.
Aaker, David A. and Erich Joachimsthaler (2000), Brand Leadership, New York: Free Press.
Alvesson, Mats and Stanley Deetz (2000), Doing Critical Management Research, London: Sage.
Arnould, Eric J. and Craig J. Thompson (2005), ‘Consumer culture theory (CCT): twenty years of research’, Journal of Consumer Research, 31 (March), 868–82.
Askegaard, Søren and Fabian F. Csaba (1999), ‘The good, the bad, and the jolly. Taste, image, and the symbolic resistance to the Coca-Colonization of Denmark’, in Stephen Brown and Anthony Patterson (eds), Imagining Marketing, London, Routledge, pp. 121–40.
Bengtsson, Anders (2002), Consumers and Mixed-Brands: On the Polysemy of Brand Meaning, Lund: Lund Business Press.
Bengtsson, Anders, Jacob Ostberg and Dannie Kjeldgaard (2005), ‘Prisoners in paradise: subcultural resistance to the marketization of tattooing’, Consumption, Markets and Culture, 8 (3), 261–74.
Bristor, Julia M. and Eileen Fischer (1993), ‘Feminist thought: implications for consumer research’, Journal of Consumer Research, 19 (March), 518–36.
Brown, Stephen, Robert V. Kozinets and John F. Sherry (2003), ‘Teaching old brands new tricks: retro branding and the revival of brand meaning’, Journal of Marketing, 67 (July), 19–33.
Chang Coupland, Jennifer (2005), ‘Invisible brands: an ethnography of households and the brands in their kitchen pantries’, Journal of Consumer Research, 32 (June), 106–18.
Costa, Janeen Arnold and Teresa M. Pavia (1993), ‘Alpha-numeric brand names and gender stereotypes’, in Janeen Arnold Costa and Russell W. Belk (eds), Research in Consumer Behavior, vol. 6, Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, pp. 85–112.
Cova, Bernard (1997), ‘Community and consumption: towards a definition of the “linking value” of product or services’, European Journal of Marketing, 31 (3/4), 297–316.
Csaba, Fabian F. and Anders Bengtsson (2005), ‘Rethinking identity in brand management’, in Jonathan E.Schroeder and Miriam Salzer-Mørling (eds), Brand Culture, London: Routledge.
de Chernatony, Leslie (2001), From Brand Vision to Brand Evaluation, Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
de Chernatony, Leslie and Malcolm H.B. McDonald (2003), Creating Powerful Brands, 3rd edn, Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Dingwall, Robert (1997), ‘Accounts, interviews and observations’, in Jody Miller and Robert Dingwall (eds), Method and Context in Qualitative Research, London: Routledge, pp. 51–65.
Eckhardt, Giana M. and Michael J. Houston (2002), ‘Cultural paradoxes reflected in brand meaning:
McDonald’s in Shanghai, China’, Journal of International Marketing, 10 (2), 68–82.
Elliott, Richard and Kritsadarat Wattanasuwan (1998), ‘Brands as symbolic resources for the construction of identity’, International Journal of Advertising, 17 (2).
Fournier, Susan (1998), ‘Consumers and their brands: developing relationship theory in consumer research’, Journal of Consumer Research, 24 (March), 343–73.
Gardner, Burleigh B. and Sidney J. Levy (1955), ‘The product and the brand’, Harvard Business Review, March–April, 53–9.
Ger, Güliz and Russell W. Belk (1996), ‘I’d like to buy the world a Coke: consumptionscapes of the “less affluent world” ’, Journal of Consumer Policy, 19, 271–304.
Hatch, Mary Jo and Majken Schultz (2001), ‘Are the strategic stars aligned for your corporate brand?’, Harvard Business Review, February, 128–34.
Hatch, Mary Jo and Majken Schultz (2003), ‘Bringing the corporation into corporate branding’, European Journal of Marketing, 37 (7/8),1041–64.
Holt, Douglas B. (1998), ‘Does cultural capital structure American consumption?’, Journal of Consumer Research, 25 (June), 1–25.
Holt, Douglas B. (2002), ‘Why do brands cause trouble? A dialectical theory of consumer culture and branding’, Journal of Consumer Research, 29 (1), 70–90.
Holt, Douglas B. (2004), How Brands Become Icons: The Principles of Cultural Branding, Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
Kapferer, Jean-Noël (2004), The New Strategic Brand Management: Creating and Sustaining Brand Equity Long Term, 3rd edn, London: Kogan Page.
Kates, Steven M. (2004), ‘The dynamics of brand legitimacy: an interpretive study in the gay men’s community’, Journal of Consumer Research, 31 (September), 455–64.
Klein, Naomi (1999), No Logo: Taking Aim at the Brand Bullies, New York: Picador.
Koehn, Nancy F. (2001), Brand New: How Entrepreneurs Earned Consumers’ Trust from Wedgwood to Dell, Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
Kotler, Philip (2004), Marketing Management, 12th edn, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice-Hall.
Kotler, Philip and Kevin L. Keller (2001), ‘Utopian enterprise: articulating the meanings of star trek’s culture of consumption’, Journal of Consumer Research, 28 (December), 67–88.
Kozinets,Robert V. (2002), ‘Can consumers escape the market? Emancipatory illuminations from burning man’, Journal of Consumer Research, 29 (June), 20–38.
Maffesoli, Michel (1996), The Time of the Tribes, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
McAlexander, James H., John Schouten and Harold F. Koenig (2002), ‘Building brand community’, Journal of Marketing, 66 (January), 38–54.
McCracken, Grant (1993), ‘The value of the brand: an anthropological perspective’, in David A. Aaker and Alexander L. Biel (eds), Brand Equity and Advertising: Advertising’s Role in Building Strong Brands, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, pp. 125–39.
Melin, Lars (2004), Corporate Bullshit: Om språket mitt i city, Stockholm: Svenska Förlaget.
Miller, Daniel (1998), ‘Coca-Cola: a black sweet drink from Trinidad’, in Daniel Miller (ed.), Material Cultures:Why Some Things Matter, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, pp. 169–87.
Montoya, Peter and Tim Vandehey (2005), The Brand Called You: The Ultimate Brand-Building and Business Development Handbook to Transform Anyone into an Indispensable Personal Brand, Tustin, CA Peter Montoya Publishing.
Muniz, Albert M. and Thomas C. O’Guinn (2001), ‘Brand community’, Journal of Consumer Research, 27 (March), 412–32.
Olins, Wally (2000), ‘How brands are taking over the corporation’, in Majken Schultz, Mary Jo Hatch and Mogens Holten Larsen (eds), The Expressive Organization: Linking Identity, Reputation, and the Corporate Brand, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 51–65.
Olsen, Barbara (1999), ‘Exploring women’s brand relationships and enduring themes at mid-life’, in Eric J. Arnould and Linda M. Scott (eds), Advances in Consumer Research, vol. 26, Provo, UT: Association for Consumer Research, pp. 615–20.
Schouten, John W. and James H. McAlexander (1995), ‘Subcultures of consumption: an ethnography of the new bikers’, Journal of Consumer Research, 22 (June), 43–61.
Schroeder, Jonathan E. (2002), Visual Consumption, London and NewYork Routledge.
Schroeder, Jonathan E. (2003), ‘Building brands: architectural expression in the electronic age’, in Rajiv Batra and Linda Scott (eds), Persuasive Imagery: A Consumer Response Perspective, Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, pp. 349–82.
Schultz, Majken and Mary Jo Hatch (2003), ‘The cycles of corporate branding: the case of the Lego company’, California Management Review, 46 (1), 6–26.
Scott, Linda M. (1994), ‘Images in advertising: the need for a theory of visual rhetoric’, Journal of Consumer Research, 21 (September), 252–73.
Slater, Don (1997), Consumer Culture and Modernity, Cambridge: Polity Press.
Stake, Robert E. (1994), ‘Case studies’, in Norman K. Denzin and S. Yvonna Lincoln (eds), Handbook of Qualitative Research, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, pp. 236–47.
Stern, Barbara B. (1989), ‘Literary criticism and consumer research: overview and illustrative analysis’, Journal of Consumer Research, 16 (December), 322–34.
Thompson, Craig J. and Zeynep Arsel (2004), ‘The Starbucks brandscape and consumers’ (anti-corporate) experiences of glocalization’, Journal of Consumer Research, 31 (December), 631–42.
Wallendorf, Melanie and Eric J. Arnould (1991), ‘ “We gather together”: consumption rituals of Thanksgiving Day’, Journal of Consumer Research, 18 (June), 13–31.
Yan,Yunxiang (1997), ‘McDonald’s in Beijing: the localization of Americana’, in James L.Watson (ed.), Golden Arches East: McDonald’s in East Asia, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, pp. 39–76.
