Вариант №4

I Invisible, non-conductor, unequal, purity, prewar, forward, hardened, dislike, first-class, daily, anybody.

I I.

1. Ferrous metals are used in industry in two general forms: cast iron & steel.

2. Before metal is formed into the required shape, it has to undergo a number of processes, such as casting, rolling, forging, welding, trimming & others.

3. One of my favourite subjects is Mechanics.

4. During this term students of our group work with technical texts.

III.

1. When I went home the sun was shining in my face.

2. My friend prefers to travel by train facing the engine.

3. Who is the mars facing us?

4. He'll lose his face if he doesn't keep his promise.

5. A cube has six faces.

6. The face of my watch is round.

IV.

l.t З.рс 5.atm 7.CW

2. kg 4.deg б.r.p.m. 8.F

V.

1. One can easily find out the strict distinction between the operations of drilling and boring.

2. When Yablotchkov was working at some new experiment he forgot everything but his work.

3. As for accuracy of machinery processing much thought is being given to the shape and dimensions of the workpieces.

4. The specimen will be placed upon the plate.

16

VI

1. The electron hoes to be Influenced by some force in order to move around the nucleus.

2. The student wanted to be examined as soon as possible.

3. To defect and measure the irregularities of the finer surfaces requires the use of high magnification with very light operating forces.

4. The handle is turned C.C.W. and raised to enable the cutter to be turned around.

VII.

1. If the speed is too siaw, the abrasive is wasted without much work being done.

1. Haven been made carelessly the experiment proved useless.

2. A chisel is a fool made of very hard steel, having a cutting edge at one end of the blade.

3. The damaged parts were immediately examined and repaired by a specialist.

VIM.

1. The failure of the work was due to the operator's having been careless in using the instrument.

2. In determining the dimensions of the rod we have to consider, first, the necessary length and, second, the necessary cross - section of the shank.

3. The machining of metals is the process of removing chips from the metal parts.

4. Modern lathes are highly efficient accurate and complex devices, capable of doing a great quantity and variety of work.

IX.

1. It is know that this device works well.

2. Machine parts areusually oiled lest they should rust.

3. When the workplaces reach the loading position they are removed and a

new blank is loaded.

4. The most common machine-tool found in almost any workshop is the lathe, in which the job spins round its axis while a cutting tool is working on.

17

Вариант №5

I. Specialize, readiness, action, fourth, difference, semi-conductor, inventor, handbook, electrify, homewards, everyone.

1. If the student have received and read books on their speciality they would not have broken the mechanism.

2. The temperature of the water was very high.

3. The use of electricity for various purposes is followed by a wider application of electrical devices.

4. The father of the Periodic Table of Elements - D.I. Mendeleev, was bom in 1834 in Tobolsk.

III.

1. We study part II of the text-book on Mechanics

2. Who played the part of Hamlet?

3. Will you take part in this experiment?

4. I don't know the way to the square. I am a stranger in these part.

5. A minute is the sixtieth part of an hour.

6. There was со object on the part of the owner of the land.

7. The friend parted at the railway station.

IV.

1. i.e. 3. Br. P. 5.d. 7.cu

2. 1 4.a.h. 6.CW 8. sp.gr.

1. The Sun being the most body in the Universe provides us with light and heat without which life is impossible on the Earth.

2. He was sent all the necessary equipment.

3. The new apparatus will be working when you come in the workshop.

4. Mechanics is concerned with relations of force, matter and motion.

18

VI.

1. The principle of operation for round surfaces is that the part to be ground is put upon the centres & driven exactly as in the ordinary lathe.

2. He was glad to have fulfilled his work ahead of time.

3. .Russian inventors did much to develop methods of making mechanical

drawings.

4. To prevent pasting we paint the surface of the metal.

VII.

1. Nowadays everybody knows that the rainbow is composed of the spectrum, formed in the sky opposite the sun, when it is raining.

2. The shaper is a flexible machine in many respects complementing the lathe in the work it performs.

3. The process of progressive destruction of a metallic surface exposed to an external active medium is called corrosion.

4. The stream of electrons moving along the conductor is called an electric current.

VШ.

1. His working at the plant helps him to master technical subjects.

2. Drilling machines which are used mainly for drilling holes in machine parts are made in many different types designed for handling the various classes of work.

3. The advantages of electricity as a means of distributing power are extremely great.

4. The longer the cutting tools operate without dulling, the less frequently they require resetting.

IX

1. A milling machine is a machine-tool that removes metal as the work is fed against a rotating cutter.

2. What they want now is to speak with our director.

3. We search a place where we can arrange a new office.

4. The only way to tell whether a device is a robot or not is to see now it works and what it does.

19

I. Metallic, ex-minister, foresee, rewrite, unlucky, machinery, transmitter, likewise, disappear, seventeenth, something.

II. . .

1. Short trip winter drivings especially in the hours of darkness add an excessive load on the battery, & one morning it may be dead.

2. The centimetre is devided into ten equal parts called millimetres.

3. A Diesel engine is a machine which produces power by burning oil in air which has been quickly compressed to a high pressure by a piston moving in a closed cylinder.

III.

1. The boy hid among the branches of a big tree.

2. Physics is an important branch of science.

3. There are three branches of state power: legislative, executive and judicial.

4. Such branches of industry as coal-mining, electronic engineering and textile are highly developed in Great Britain.

5. Yesterday at 6 p.m. Mr. Wilson entered the Butcher Street branch of the National Westminster Bank.

6. The road branches here.

1. r.p.m. 3. sec. 5. at.ut. 7.d.c.

2. NBC 4. AC 6.b.p. 8. h.p.

V.

1. All moving parts of machines wear.

2. By the first of January he will be working at this plant for ten years.

3. According to the character of work perfomed the design into the following types: bench lathes, chucking lathes & automatic lathes.

4. By the end of the year the production of cars at our plant will have been increased considerably.

20

VI.

1. Drill presses are buit in a variety of types, but the ordinary upright drill press is to be found in nearly every machine shop.

2. The operator wanted to repair his lathe as soon as possible.

3. To be effective the roughing job must be accurate and must remove as much excess stock as possible in on cut.

4. He was glad to have fulfilled his work ahead of time.

VII.

1. Working with machines, sharp tools, motors, electricity one must always be careful.

2. The first voyage around the earth, begun at Seville by Magellan in 1510 and completed at Seville by del Cano in 1552, established that the earth is a globe.

3. Having been used for a long time, the instruments partly lost their former efficiency.

4. The equipment used for this work is similar to that used in hot working.

VIII.

1. Cooper was used in prehistoric times for making weapons & tools and later was alloyed with tin to form bronze, which was the most important metal of the Greek & Romans.

2. Many turret lathes have systems of stops or gauges for controlling the travel of the turret carriage, and cross-slide.

3. We know of copper having been used as a conductor owing to its suitable characteristics.

4. Student like experimenting.

IX.

1. It is know that this device works well.

2. The question is whether he will finish his work in time.

3. The man whom you saw at our shop is a qualified turner.

4. Engines must be lubricated systematically, otherwise they may be damaged.

21

Вариант №7

I. Carefully, action, centralize, resistant, fifty, length, somewhere, compression, checking, water-flood, everything.

II. . .

1. The stream of electrons moving along the conductor is called an electric current.

2. It is desirable that you should take part in this experiment.

3. If he had used this formula he would not have made this mistake.

4. The machining of metals is the process of removing chips from the metal parts.

Ш.

1. England traffic keeps to the left side of the road, not to the right as in America.

2. My eldest son is my right hand.

3. Can you tell me the right time?

4. He has no right to do this.

5. Can you give me your address right now?

6. This medicin will soon put you right.

7. He told me it would be better for you to leave. I guess, he is right.

8. The square is four-sided figure all sides of which are equal & the angles are right angles.

IV.

1. AD 3. i.e. 5. ft 7. a.m.

2. D. 4. V 6. DC S.atm.

V.

1. The machine parts lie on a moving platform.

2. Very complex drawings were made by Efim and Miron Cherepanov (father & son), the famous Russian mechanics and engineers who invented the first Russian steam engine.

3. Many automatic devices are being introduced at our plant

4. Next week you will be sent all necessary equipment.

VI.

1. Two resistors are said to be joined in series when the end of the first resistor is coupled to the beginning of the second.

2. To say is to act.

3. We know Popov to have invented the radio in 1895.

4. The cutting speed depends on the material to be machined.

V II

1. The width of the conveyor employed varies from 22 in. to 26 in.

2. Metals being used in industry in the form of alloys have better properties than pure metals.

3. There are several types used in machine-shop work, the most popular are the 4-jaw independent chuck & the 3-jaw universal chuck.

4. Having been carefully tested the device was put into operation.

VШ.

1. Don't bother her. She hates being interrupted.

2. The strict distinctions between the operations of drilling and boring is that the first initiates a hole while the second enlarges one already existing.

3. Your having worked at the plant helps you to master technical subjects.

4. A compressed spring could be released to its natural length without its performing any work.

IX

1. He didn't know what this chart referred to.

2. Strike iron while it is hot.

3. All lathes receive their power trough the head stock which may be

equippedeither with a step-cone pulley drive or a geared-hea evice.

4. When and where he bought that equipment is still unknown.

23

Вариант №8

I. Non-essential, rapidly, fourth, breakable, freedom, rotate, misunderstanding, simplify, read-hot shock-proof, somebody.

П. . -

1. In the design of a modern machine of any type are reflected the latest developments of engineering industries.

2. The main difference between the horizontal and vertical boring machines is that one has a horizontal spindle & the other a vertical one.

3. The electrode from which electricity flows is termed the «positive» electrode and the receiving electrode is termed the «negative» electrode.

Ш.

1. A Japanese mother often carries her baby on her back.

2. His room was in the back of the house.

3. You can't cut bread with the back of a knife.

4. Don't lean against the back of the chair.

5. Go back! 1 don't want to see you!

6. Incline your body backwards

7. He backed his car into the garage.

8. He said he would help us and then backed cut.

l.fig 3.v.f. 5.W 7.cm. p. s.

2. AC 4. v.v. 6. hi-fi 8.I.V.

V.

1. When Mendeleev was constructing his table he left several blanks in order to put the elements of similar properties in the same group.

2. When a spiral drill is put into the chuck it will be positioned exactly in the centre of the drill spindle.

3. I have worked at this plant since 1996.

4. The lathe consists essentially of a bed, headstock, tailstock and saddle.

24

VI.

1. The new methods of work proved to be good.

2. The most important thing for the apparatuses is to function properly.

3. Our machine-tool manufacturing works is know to produce engine lathes of heavy, medium and light types.

4. To detect and measure the irregularities of the finer surfaces requires the use of high magnification with very light operating forces.

VII.

1. The machine tool is the principal manufacturing equipment in a machine shop.

2. A straight line drawn from the centre to the circumference is called radius.

3. Milling machines use cutting tools, usually made of high-speed steel.

4. Being repaired recently, the tool was in good condition.

VIII.

1. The lab must be ventilated after and before being used for carrying out the experiment.

2. The art of making weapons from iron was know to the Egyptians & Hindoos.

3. The main point of a transformer is providing the change of voltage.

4. They spoke of organising a new laboratory .

IX.

1. I don't know whether the test has begun. 2.That he is a good specialist is know to everybody.

3. When the work is finished we shall buy new machine-tools.

4.The ordinary drilling machine consists of a spindle which imparts rotary motion to the drilling tool mechanism for feeding the tool into the work, a table, on which the work rests, and a frame.

25

Вариант №9

I. Illegal, percentage, lengthen, indication, founder, successful, suddenly, nineteenth, possible, characterize, anything.

II..

1. Batteries as source of electrical energy are the result of a long series of experiments which started with the discoveries of Alessandro Volta.

2. A straight line drawn from the centre to the circumference is called the radius.

3. The results of that experiment are very interesting.

E

1. What a pity. I've lost the spring of my watch.

2. These rubber bands have lost their spring.

3. Spring is a beautiful season when everything awakes from its winter sleep.

4. There are many mineral springs in the Caucasus.

5. I always spring out of bed very quickly.

6. Weeds were springing up everywhere.

IV.

!. w.g. 3.i.c. 5.db 7. v.v.

2. yd. 4. D.С. 6. cm 8.r.p.m.

V.

1. Principles с f desscriptive geometry were applied to technical drawing.

2. The hardness of the steel depends upon the presence of martensite.

3.8ix chief ha: I materials such as: diamonds, carbon, tool steel, high-speed steel, stellite carbides and abrasive-materials are used in machining as cutting tools.

4. At our plant the workers have been applying the new method et screw cutting for a rather long time.

VI.

1. My father likes to be asked about his work at the plant.

2. It is impossible for a single force to produce the same effect as a

couple.

3. A thermometer is an instrument to show the temperature.

4. To prevent the glowing wire from being destroyed is the main problem in constructing an incandescent lamp.

VII.

!. Shapers are driven by belt from a countershaft, by direct connected motor, or by hydraulic power.

2. Working with machines, sharp tools, motors, electricity one must always be careful.

3. Having worked as a turner for many years, he knew his speciality well.

4. A method of permanent consolidation of metal pieces, termed «electroslag welding», has been developed in Russia by the Welding Research Institute named after Academician Paton.

VIII.,

2. The experimenting generally takes considerable time.

2. He likes asking questions.

3. He remembered that there were evidences of this device having been used before the nineteenth century.

4. It is conventional starting the engine after its being heated.

IX.

1. If you raise no objections, I think you agree to what I suggest.

2. He couldn't go to work on Friday as he was ill.

3. The question is whether he will finish his work in time.

4. The speed at which the lathe turns can be adjusted either by regulating the speed of the motor driving it, or by gearing.

28

VI

1. We were very pleased to have been able to help you.

2. A tooth clutch allows the rope to be adjusted for various lengths of haul.

3. Honing and lapping machines use abrasives; they enable us to obtain a smooth finish of less than 0,001 mm.

4. The workers of our shop have used special machines to produce wire.

VII.

1. You must read this text paying attention to the unknown words.

1. The three common types of lathes usually sound in a machine shop are the bench lathe, the engine lathe & the turret lath.

2. Being cooled in air the metal became hardened.

3. Insulated, the wire may be used as a conductor.

VIII.

1. The planer a much larger and heavier machine than the shaper, is designed to remove metal by moving the work in a straight line against a stationary single-edged cutting tool.

2. The best way to solve this problem is experimenting.

3. I remember having visited this town during my leave.

4. Measuring temperature is necessary in many experiments.

1. Any instrument which measures electrical values is called a meter.

2. As soon as I get this book, I shall give it to go

3. Will you show me what you brought here?

4. This is the workshop we work at.