§ 14. The Present Perfect Tense (Теперішній перфектний час)

вживається для передачі:

-дії, яка завершилася в період часу, що не закінчився до моменту

мовлення (існує ймовірність, що дія повториться знову):

Ex: He has made several calls since yesterday.

-дії, що завершилася у невизначений момент у минулому, але

період коли це трапилося, ще не закінчився до моменту

мовлення. Результат є важливим в момент мовлення.

Ex: They have seen him today.

Цей час вживається з прислівниками since, for, already, yet, ever,

never, just, recently, lately

Ex 1. Work in pairs. Choose the correct verb in the following sentences.

1. Have you ever been\ Did you ever go to England?

2. I don’t think I have never been\ never was here before.

3. Were you ever\ Have you ever been to a concert like this?

4. That’s the biggest fish I have seen\ saw up till now.

5. I don’t remember I have ever heard\ ever heard such a thing.

6. This year the standard of living has been\ was higher than ever before.

7. This is the most difficult problem that many young people have ever had \ ever had to deal with.

8. It is the best thing that has ever happened\ ever happened in my life.

9. Scarcely anyone has gone\ went there up till now.

10. There is no evidence that the accident has ever occurred\ ever occurred.

11. When have ever you told\ did you tell a lie?

Ex 2. Choose the right form of the verb from the brackets. Explain your choice.

1.I …. her since she was practically a little girl (did not see /do not see / have not seen). 2. It’s ages since I …..you (see / sees / will see / have seen / has seen). 3. “Have you got the leaflets?” ” They… from the printers yet” (did not come / have not come / doesn’t come / don’t come). 4.His wife has a headache and ……to lie down (went/ have gone/ has gone). 5.῎….she….. ……long? (was….married/ has…..married/ has….been married)” “About three years, I believe.” 6. My name is George Marvin Brush. I ….two years ago from the College in South Dakota.(graduate/graduated). 7. I’m so sorry. I ….. …..the vase. I was looking for the matches (break/ breaks/ broke/ have broken/ has broken). 8. After all, I …. …… you since you were a schoolboy (know/ knows/ have known/ has known). 9. “The door is not locked, is it?” “No”, Hugh said,- “it isn’t”. “It…. ….. …..for years” (is not locked/ was not locked/ haven’t been locked/ hasn’t been locked). 10. She was my husband’s sister. She ….. …… widow for many years and she’s very well-to-do (is/ was/ have been/ has been). 11. “It is already a long time that you … …..in this house – yes?” she asked. “I ….always ….here”, she said (lives/ lived/ have lived/ has lived).

Ex 3. Complete the sentences with a verb from the list. Use the present perfect.

break buy finish do go lose paint go read take.

- “ Are they still having dinner?”- “No, they have finished.”

- I ……………….some new shoes . Do you want to see them?

- “Is Tom here?” “No, he ……….to work.”

• “………you………the shopping?” “No, I’m going to do it later”.

• “Where ’s your key?” “I don’t know. I ………..it.”

• Look! Somebody ……………that window.

• Your house looks different. ………you …….it?

• I can’t find my umbrella. Somebody……….it.

• I’m looking for Sarah. Where ……she……….?

• “Do you want the newspaper?” “No, thanks. I……….it.”

Ex 4. Match the two halves of these sentences.

1.He caught a cold	a) all day
2.She has been interested in maths	b) before
3.They went out	c) since last year
4.He has been in love with her	d) when he was six.
5.The Nobel Fund was set up	e) up to now.
6.He has been engaged at the plant	f) when he had to wait for the bus
7.He hasn’t been abroad	g) a few minutes ago.
8.I’ve visited seven countries	h) in the first half of the 20 th century
9.Mary and Nick have never quarreled	i) since she began to study it like this.
10.My son started school	j) for two years.

Ex 5. Translate into English.

1.Вони щойно закінчили переклад. 2. Що з ним трапилося? Я давно його не зустрічав. 3.Він завжди мріяв мати власне авто і нарешті його купив. 4. Погода змінилася на краще. Тепер ми можемо поїхати за місто.5. Вона його добре знає, бо працювала з ним біля трьох років. 6.Листоноша вже приніс газети? – Так, щойно приніс.7.Вони вже обговорили книгу? – Ще ні, вони її тільки-но розпочали читати. 8. Сестра уже все розповіла.9.Вони бували коли-небудь у Манчестері?- Ні, ніколи там не були. 9.Вона бачила його на цьому тижні. Він почувається не надто зле. 10.Ми знайомі з того часу, як стали студентами. 11.Йому подобається словник, який він тільки-но купив. Йому завжди подобалися такі словники. 12. Ми вже запланували поїздку в гори. 13. Ми не бачилися цілу вічність, але він не змінився. 14.Вона забула гаманець. Маєш гроші? 15.Він ніколи не ставив жодних запитань.16. Дитина прокинулася в той момент, коли вона виходила з кімнати.17. Він любив читати і прочитав багато книг. 18. Коли ви прочитали цю книгу? – Ми ще не закінчили. 19. Хтось брав мій магнітофон. Він зламаний! – Мене не було вдома. Я щойно прийшов.