Сравнительные конструкции с прилагательными

1. as ... as (такой ... как), и прилагательное стоит в положительной степени. Например:

Не is a brave as a lion. Он храбр, как лев.

She is as fresh as a daisy. Она свежа, как маргаритка.

2. not so ...as (не такой... как) и прилагательное в положительной степени. Например:

Her sister is not so pretty as she is.

Ее сестра не такая хорошенькая как она.

3. Существует еще одна сравнительная конструкция: the (more) ... the (less) (чем (больше), тем (меньше)). Например:

The more we study, the less we know.

Чем больше мы учим, тем меньше мы знаем.

Упражнения

1. Напишите сравнительную и превосходную степени сравнения следующих прилагательных и наречий:

Образец: Small — smaller — the smallest

Big, heavy, short, dirty, clean, bad, famous, little, much, clever, good, cheap, expensive, pale, important, hot, beautiful, large, fat, pretty, bright, dark, happy, flat, fresh, dry, nice, late, rich, sad, thin, funny, ugly, comfortable.

2. He согласитесь со следующими утверждениями, используя антонимы:

Образец: - Mike is the oldest in the group.

- No, he is the youngest in the group.

1. Mary's drawing is the best.

2. Jack is the shortest of his friends.

3. This room is the largest at the office.

4. The 22^nd of June is the shortest day in the year.

5. January is the hottest month.

3. Сравните:

Образец: The film, the book, the play (interesting). The film is interesting, the book is more (less) interesting than the film, the play is the most (least) interesting.

1. Chinese, English, German (difficult)

2.Ann's dress, Helen's dress, Lucy's dress (fashionable)

3. The hotel in Regent Street, the hotel in King Street, the hotel in River Street, (comfortable)

4. The typewriter, the TV set, the radio - set (expensive)

5. Spring, winter, summer (pleasant)

6. Mary, Jane, Alice (beautiful)

4. Скажите, что следующие существительные одного качества.

Образец: Chinese is difficult. And Japanese? - Japanese is as difficult as Chinese.

1. Our house is old. And yours?

2. Our sitting — room is large. And yours?

3. This raincoat is expensive. And what about that one?

4. My car is comfortable. And yours?

5. June is lovely here. And what about July?

5.Скажите, что следующие существительные разного качества.

Образец: India is large. And Poland? - Poland is not so large as India.

1. The Mississippi is long. And the Volga?

2. The Pacific Ocean is deep. And what about the Indian Ocean?

3. The Black Sea is warm. And what about the Baltic Sea?

4. Asia is large. And Australia?

5. Minsk is old. And Soligorsk?

Наречие. Прилагательное.

Обычно наречия определяют глаголы в отличие от прилагательных, которые определяют существительные. Часто наречия отвечают на вопрос «Как?» и образуются присоединением суффикса -1у к прилагательному. Например: slow (прилагательное), slowly (наречие).

We walked slowly.	Мы шли медленно.
Time is running quickly.	Время бежит быстро.

Сравните:

Her English is fluent. She speaks English fluently.

Она бегло говорит по-английски.

• Наречия могут определять прилагательные.

They are very careful. Они очень осторожны.

Не came too late. Он пришел слишком поздно.

• Само по себе наличие суффикса -1у не является признаком наречия. Многие прилагательные также оканчиваются на -1у

friendly - дружелюбный,

lovely - красивый,

silly - глупый

Приводим наиболее проблематичные случаи употребления прилагательных и наречий.

Прилагательное	Наречие	Перевод
good	well	хороший/ хорошо
fast	fast	быстрый/ быстро
late	late	поздний/ поздно
hard	hard	усердный/ усердно
hard	hardly	усердный/ с трудом, едва
late	lately	поздний/в последнее время
near	near/ nearly	близкий / возле; почти

Упражнения

1. Выберите правильное слово из приведнных в скобках

Linda speaks softly. (soft, softly)

1. He failed because he played very … (bad, badly).

2. Fred is a very … student, (serious, seriously)

3. He treated every problem very … (serious, seriously)

4. I entered the classroom … because I was late, (quiet, quietly)

5. The room got … when the teacher entered. (quiet, quietly)

6. Sue is wearing … clothes, (colorful, colorfully)

7. We looked at the problem … and then solved it. (careful, carefully)

8. We were … happy to pass our exam, (ex­treme, extremely)

9. John's marks are … (terrible, terribly)

10. I am … sorry for what has happened, (ter­rible, terribly)

2. Отредактируйте предложения.

We discovered many new things late. → We discovered many new things lately.

We couldn't go out because it was raining heavy.

We hard know each other.

Tom studies very good.

Mary was seriously ill, but now she is good.

Near three years passed since then.

Andrew failed in his finally exam.