- •Министерство образования Российской Федерации
- •Английский язык
- •1. Звуки
- •Согласные звуки
- •Гласные звуки
- •Фонетические упражнения
- •Числительные 20 – 100
- •Дифтонги
- •2. Английский алфавит
- •Типы слогов
- •Запомните исключения:
- •Запомните исключения:
- •Четыре типа чтения английских гласных букв в ударных слогах
- •Согласные буквы, имеющие два чтения
- •Чтение сочетаний согласных букв
- •Чтение сочетаний гласных с согласными
- •Чтение ударных сочетаний гласных букв
- •3.Интонация
- •Ударение
Числительные 20 – 100
Cardinal |
Ordinal |
(суффикс-ty): twenty [`twenty] twenty-one [`twenty `wʌn]
twenty-two [`twenty `tu:]
thirty [`θə:ti]
forty [`fo:ti]
fifty [`fifti]
sixty [`siksti]
seventy [`sevnti]
eighty [`eiti]
ninety [`nainti] a (one) hundred [`hʌndrəd] |
the twentieth [`twentiθ] the twenty-first [`twenty `fə:st] the twenty-second [`twenty `sekənd] the thirtieth [`θə:tiiθ] the fortieth [`fo:tiiθ] the fiftieth [`fiftiiθ] the sixtieth [`sikstiiθ] the seventieth [`sevntiiθ] the eightieth [`eitiiθ] the ninetieth [`naintiiθ] the hundredth [`hʌndrədθ] |
Количественные числительные при обозначении номеров домов, квартир, автобусов, страниц и т.п. употребляются без артикля: Room Thirty, Page Seven (Page 7).
Countries Capitals
Bulgaria [bʌl`gɛəriə] Sofia [`soufiə]
Czechia [`ʧekiə] Prague [pra:g]
Slovakia [slou`va:kiə] Bratislava [ˌbræti`sla:və]
Cuba [`kju:bə] Havana [hə`vænə]
Germany [ʤə:`məni] Boon [bu:n]
Hungary [`hʌngəri] Budapest [`bu:dəˌpest]
Mongolia [mon`gouliə] Ulan Bator [`u:la:n `ba:to]
Poland [`poulənd] Warsaw [`wo:so:]
R(o)umania [ru:`meinjə] Bucharest [`bu:kərest]
Viet Nam [`vjet`na:m] Hanoi [ha:noi]
Austria [`o:striə] Vienna [vi`enə]
Belgium [`belʤəm] Brussels [`brʌslz]
Canada [`kænədə] Ottawa [`otəwə]
Denmark [`denma:k] Copenhagen [`koupən`heign]
Finland [`finlənd] Helsinki [`helsinki]
France [fra:ns] Paris [`pæris]
Great Britain [`greit `britn] London [`lʌndən]
Greece [gri:s] Athens [`æθənz]
the Netherlands [`neðələndz] Amsterdam [`æmstədəm]
(Holland) [`holənd]
India [`indjə] Delhi [`deli]
Italy [`itəli] Rome [roum]
Japan [ʤəp`æn] Tokyo [`toukiou]
Norway [`no:wei] Oslo [`oslou]
Spain [`spein] Madrid [mə`drid]
Sweden [swi:dn] Stockholm [`stoukhoulm]
the United States of America (the USA) Washington [`woʃiŋtən]
[ðə ju:`naitid `steits əv ə`merikə]
Упражнение 3. Прочитайте слова, обратив внимание на гласные звуки. Объяснить правила чтения. Напишите транскрипцию слов (по образцу), пользуйтесь англо-русским словарём:
[i:] –tree [tri:] дерево, three, he, people, me; [e]-the, bed, egg, yes, well, pen, men;
[æ] – pan, man, that, am, and, Paris, can, Spanish; [a:] - past, dark, arm, are, car, hard, heart; [u] - put, full, look, good, foot, book; [u:] - who, move, noon, blue, do, too; [ʌ] - up, cup, much, sun, some, but, hut; [ə:] - her, Thursday, burn, third, thirteen, worth, work; [ɔ] - not, lot, wash, song, from, rock, coffee; [ɔ:] - all, small, ball; [ə] – a, the, under, father, address, servant, Saturday; [ɔ:] - or, forty, morning.
Дифтонги
[ei] - say, baby, train, plate, table, waiter, Spain; [ou] - no, smoke, those, motor, only, Poland, hotel; [ai] - five, nine, ice, eye, my, side; [au] - how, count, flower, cloud, hour; [ɔi] - boy, noise, boil, voice; [iə] - dear, clear, beer, really, ear; [ɛə] - where, there, their, chair, hair, care; [ɔ:] - four, door, your, more, floor; [uə] - sure, poor.
Упражнение 4. Прочитайте слова, обратив внимание на согласные звуки. Объяснить правила чтения. Напишите транскрипцию слов:
p pen, pay, people, pull, open, inkpot, help
b be, bath, boy, bad, husband, bed, beef, back
t train, tree, sit, tea, inkpot, table, hotel, stop
d door, day, sad, kind, desk, Friday, word
k cold, clock, car, class, king, back
g gold, girl, dog, good, go, egg-cup, bag
f fine, far, safe, flower, fifteen, after
v very, save, vegetable, seven, never
θ thank, thick, thin, nothing, think, twentieth, think
ð then, that, there, weather, with, together
s so, sit, sleep, thinks, place, cigarette, sink
z zero, has, knives, comes, plays, noise
ʃ ship, sharp, fish, English, shilling, short
ʒ pleasure, measure
ʧ Charles, each, Richard, much
ʤ John, judge, age, Japan, language
h his, happy, here, help, unhappy, hi, hello, how
m man, make, many, my, swim
n name, near, then, finish
ŋ sing, thing, working, English, king
r red, around, very, rich, every, room
l leave, long, full, pull, greatly, last
w will, work, away, when, window, wash
j yellow, year, you, young, yes, piano
