Раздел 2. Общие рекомендации по составлению устного монологического высказывания

Изучите следующие рекомендации по составлению монолога. Вашей задачей на данном этапе обучения является составление высказывания, выражающего аргументированное мнение по определенной проблеме. Используйте данные рекомендации во время подготовки вашего устного сообщения. Проконсультируйтесь с преподавателем в случае возникающих затруднений накануне представления монолога.

When thinking over and making up your monologue you should:

ANALYZE

Analyse the question and make sure you understand what you have to do. Think of:

1 the general topic

2 the specific aspect you have to talk about

3 whether you asked to describe, compare, give the arguments to persuade.

BRAINSTORM

Make notes of as many points as you can which answer the question.

ORGANIZE

Put your notes into a coherent shape (e.g. all the notes ‘for’ an argument and all the notes ‘against’ in case you prepare a “For and Against” type of monologue). Make sure they all answer the question.

PLAN (I)

Prepare a paragraph plan. Think of a short introduction and a short conclusion.

This is a possible plan for a monologue:

Point 1: General introduction (whole picture/both sides of the argument)

Point 2: Advantages

Advantage 1 → Reason and/or specific example

Advantage 2 → Reason and/or specific example

Point 3: Disadvantages

Disadvantage 1 → Reason and/or specific example

Disadvantage 2 → Reason and/or specific example

Point 4:

Summary/Balancing the argument

Giving your point of view

Don’t forget to use links and extensive vocabulary suggested in the unit.

PLAN (II) (in case your monologue is descriptive)

Introduction

I’d like to tell you about …

Point 1

(Rio) is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.

To really appreciate …

You can see how …

Point 2

Our hotel in Rio was …

It’s just round …

Of course we did the …

Point 3

The beaches were …

We went …

People here play …

It’s the most …

Point 4

For me Rio is much the same …

The streets …

The only difference …

Point 5

One of the things I like most …

Brazil is …

People really are …

Conclusion

To sum up, I … /I think that …

Some tips for describing events and festivals. Советы при описании событий и праздничных мероприятий.

1. Введение.

Начните свой рассказ с объяснения названия праздника, его назначения, места и времени проведения. Какую роль он играет в жизни людей.

2. Основная часть.

Расскажите о подготовке к фестивалю; и что именно происходит в этот день (шествия, костюмы, танцы, соревнования, угощения, атмосфера праздника).

3. Заключение.

Опишите чувства, связанные с событием, общее или ваше отношение к фестивалю; выскажите мысли, которые с ним ассоциируются.

Раздел 3. Общие рекомендации по составлению презентации

Изучите следующие рекомендации по составлению презентаций. Используйте их во время подготовки сообщений и разработки слайдов. Проконсультируйтесь с преподавателем накануне представления презентации широкой аудитории.

Checklist – Contents

Topic: ___________________

Three main points:

1. ________________________________________

2. ________________________________________

3. ________________________________________

Purpose of talk: (What do I want to do?)

___ Inform the audience

___ Train the audience

___ Persuade the audience to do something

Importance to the audience: _______________________

What do I want audience to know by the end of the talk: __________________

Preparing visuals:

How many visuals will I have? _______________________

Do they say (or show) what I want to say? ___

Are they clear and simple to understand? ___

Will the audience be able to read them? ___

Do they have effective headlines? ___

Is there as little text as possible? ___

Have I remembered the rule of six? ___

• Rule of six – there should be no more than six lines on one slide and no more than six words in each line.

При непосредственном составлении текста презентации следуйте приведенному ниже плану:

Introduction

• Welcome the audience.

• Introduce yourself (name).

• State your topic (Remember how to make effective openings: start with a rhetorical question, a story or an amazing fact).

• Say why your topic is important for the audience.

• Describe the structure of your talk (the main points and when you will be dealing with them).

Main part

• Briefly state your topic and objective(s) again.

• Then introduce your three (or two or ?) main points and give details.

• Main point 1:__________________________________________

• Main point 2:__________________________________________

• Main point 3:__________________________________________

• Signal the end of the main part.

Conclusion

• Signal the end of your talk (Remember how to make effective conclusions: end with a question or a quote from a famous person, finish a story you started at the beginning of your talk).

• Summarize the key points.

• Highlight one important point.

• Explain the significance.

• Make your final statement.

Useful words and expressions:

Good afternoon, everybody; Let me introduce myself; I’d like to tell you about; The subject of my presentation is; Today I’d like to tell you about; Today’s topic is of particularly interest to those of you/us who; My topic is very important for you because; First of all/ To start with, I'll describe; Second/Then, I'll mention some; As I mentioned before; In this part of my presentation, I'd like to tell you about; Let’s now talk about; Let’s move on to; Let’s now turn to; Let’s turn to the next point; Third/After that, I'll consider; Finally/ lastly, I'll summarize my presentation; I would like to sum up the main points; I’ve divided my talk/presentation into several main parts; My presentation will take 5-7 minutes; Feel free to ask questions at any time during my talk; I'll try to answer all of your questions after the presentation; Thank you for listening to me; Thanks very much. Do you have any questions? I’ll be glad to answer any questions.