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20 Choose the correct definition for the words and phrases in italics in these dialogues.

1) A: Was the company prosecuted for polluting the environment?

B: Yes, but they were found not guilty because of a loophole in the law.

  1. clause b) gap c) case

2) A: How do the high taxes affect people in your country?

B: Well for one thing there’s a growth in the black economy and it’s worrying the government.

  1. working underground b) night work c) working and not paying tax

3) A: What happened to John?

B: He was found guilty of tax evasion and sent to prison for three years.

  1. not paying enough tax b) paying tax for another person

c) paying the wrong tax

4) A: What do unethical companies do when they get large amounts of money illegally?

B: Well, money laundering is quite common. It’s very hard for the authorities to prove where the money has come from.

  1. investing in property b) keeping money in cash

c) hiding the origin of money

5) I want durable products, but let’s face it – built-in obsolescence is typical of most products these days.

  1. very short guarantee b) designed not to last very long

  2. difficult to use

SPEAKING

21 Discuss these questions.

  1. There is a proverb, ‘When in Rome, do as the Romans do.’ What does the proverb mean? Do you agree with this advice?

  2. Would you continue to do business with someone if you disapproved of their private life? Why? Why not? Give examples of behavior which would cause you to stop doing business with someone.

  3. Some engineering societies are addressing environmental protection as a stand-alone question of ethics. Do you agree with this statement?

22 Work in groups. Discuss the ethical questions below. A different person should lead the discussion of each issue.

1) You have a shortlist of people for the post of Sales Manager. One of the female candidates is clearly the best qualified person for the job. However, you know that some of your best customers would prefer a man. If you appoint a woman you will probably lose some sales. What should you do?

2) Your company, a large multinational, has a new advertising campaign which stresses its honesty, fairness and ethical business behavior. It has factories in several countries where wages are very low. At present it is paying workers the local market rate. Should you increase their wages?

3) A colleague in a company which tests medical equipment has been making bad mistakes recently at work. This is because she has a serious illness. You are her friend and the only person at work who knows this. She has asked you to keep it a secret. What should you do?

4) You are directors of a potato snack manufacturing company. Research has shown that any price increase causes an immediate dip in sales (although sales recover within six months). It has been suggested that you could maximize your profits by simply reducing the weight of the product in the packets and maintaining the current price. What should you do?

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