X. Make up the questions to the text so that the answers will make up the summary of it.

XI. Compose short dialogues for the following imaginary situations:

1. Your friend asks you about adverse effects of chemical pollutants on frogs and other amphibians. Explain this to him/her.

2. Discuss with your friend harmful effects of UV radiation which is absorbed by frogs’ eggs floating on the surface of the water.

Grammar exercises

I. Translate into Ukrainian, mind the rules of sequence of tenses:

1. I knew that you were ill. 2. I knew that you had been ill. 3. We found that she left home at eight o'clock every morning. 4. We found that she had left home at eight o'clock that morning. 5. When he learnt that his son always received excellent marks in all the subjects at school, he was very pleased. 6. When he learnt that his son had received an excellent mark at school, he was very pleased. 7. We did not know where our friends went every evening. 8. We did not know where our friends had gone. 9. She said that her best friend was a doctor. 10. She said that her best friend had been a doctor.

II. Rewrite the following sentences transforming the main clause to the Past Simple, translate them into Ukrainian:

1. My uncle says he has just come back from France. 2. He says he has spent a fortnight in France. 3. He says it did him a lot of good. 4. He says he feels better now. 5. He says his wife and he spent most of their time on the beach. 6. He says they did a lot of sightseeing. 7. He says he has a good camera. 8. He says he took many photographs while travelling in France. 9. He says he will come to see us next Sunday. 10. He says he will bring and show us the photographs he took during his stay in France.

III. Write the sentences using the correct form of the verb, translate them into Ukrainian:

1. Не said he _____ (to leave) tomorrow morning. 2. She says she already _____ (to find) the book. 3. He stopped and listened: the clock _____ (to strike) five. 4. She said she _____ (can) not tell me the right time, her watch _____ (to be) wrong. 5. I asked my neighbour if he ever _____ (to travel) by air before. 6. The policeman asked George where he _____ (to run) so early. 7. The delegates were told that the guide just _____ (to go) out and _____ (to be) back in ten minutes. 8. I knew they _____ (to wait) for me at the metro station and I decided to hurry. 9. I didn't know that you already _____ (to wind) up the clock. 10. He could not understand why people _____ (not to want) to take water from that well.

IV. Make compound sentences using the sentences in parentheses as main clauses. Mind sequence of tenses rules:

1. The children are playing in the yard. (She thought) 2. Her friend will come to see her. (She hoped) 3. Father has repaired his bicycle. (He thought) 4. She knows English very well. (I sup posed) 5. Our sportsmen will win the game. (We were sure) 6. She made no mistakes in her dictation. (She was glad) 7. He works at his English hard. (I knew) 8. She dances better than anybody else. (I was told) 9. My cousin has received a very interesting offer from his firm. (I learnt) 10. She will come to stay with us. (My aunt wrote in her letter) 11. He is painting a new picture. (We heard) 12. His new picture will be a masterpiece. (We were sure) 13. You will fall and break your leg. (I was afraid) 14. My friend has never been to Washington. (I knew) 15. She never drinks milk. (I was told) 16. He is a very talented singer. (We were told) 17. They live a happy life. (We knew) 18. He does not know German at all. (I found out).