Notes to the texts:

nutrient – поживна речовина

primate – примат

blood clotting – згущення крові

is exposed to sunlight – піддається дії сонця

to confer – надавати

vertebrates – хребетні

cytochrome – цитохром

challenge – виклик

IX. Look through the text and decide whether the following sentences are true or false:

1. Essential nutrients include either minerals or preassembled organic molecules.

2. Vitamin C is a vital nutrient for all humans and animals.

3. Both vitamins and dietary minerals are required in the diet in tiny amounts.

4. There are thirty essential vitamins for humans.

5. Our dietary requirement for vitamin D is inconstant.

6. The problem of determining the ideal diet for the human population is quite sophisticated for scientists.

7. People are genetically different as laboratory animals.

8. A genetic disorder called hemochromatosis is not difficult to treat.

X. Put as many questions as possible to the text and be ready to answer them.

XI. Compose short dialogues for the following imaginary situations:

1. You are a teacher of biology. The subject of your lesson is enzymes. Give a short account of the history of enzyme research to your students.

2. An international conference on Biochemistry will be held next month in your university. You are invited to speak there. Prepare a report were you should compare the state of biochemistry last century and at present.

3. Your friend is going to take part in a conference. Ask him/her when the conference will be held, when he/she is leaving, how he/she is going to get there and what will be the topic of his/her report.

Grammar exercises

I. Open the brackets giving figures in letters:

1. My birthday is on ___ of ___. 2. They got flat ___ (40) on ___ (5) floor in house ___ (123). 3. Find file ___ (11) and correct ___ (2) sentence. 4. Catherine ___ (2) put a monument to Peter ___ (1) in St. Petersburg. 5. – What date is it today? – It’s ___ of ___ today. 6. Read ___ (3) paragraph. 7. My son is ___ (21) today. 8. They are celebrating their ___ (15) anniversary on Saturday. 9. Take ___ (1) turning to the right. 10. You’ll find text ___ (12) on ___ (30) page. 11. We live on ___ (6) floor. 12. Is ___ (2) o’clock all right with you? 13. There are more than ___ (200) languages spoken in Nigeria. 14. In the jungle we were attacked by ___ (1 000 000) of mosquitoes. 15. If you need money badly, we can give you a loan of ___ (200) dollars. 16. Will you give me ___ (2) chance? 17. ___ (2) song will certainly become a hit. 18. He was said to have salted away ___ (4 000 000) dollars. 21. There are ___ (300) kinds of macaroni in Italy. 20. Statistics say that more than ___ (4 000 000) adults in Britain have trouble with reading and writing.

II. Answer the following questions. Write your answers in words:

1. When were you born? 2. How much do you weigh? 3. What is the number of the flat or the house where you live? 4. Is that an odd or an even number? 5. What is the approximate population of your town? 6. What is the approximate population of your country? 7. What is the normal temperature of a healthy person? 8. How many kilometres are there in a mile? 9. How any years are there in a millennium?