1. Match the words from the box with the pictures.
carboxylic acids; aromatics; amino acids; alcohols; esters; nucleic acids |
a_______________ d_______________
b________________ e_______________
с________________ f_______________
Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with the correct class of organic compounds.
1. We can find an alkyl bonded with the hydroxyl functional group in ______.
2. ______ are biologically important organic compounds composed of amine and carboxylic acid functional group.
3. Benzene is one of the simplest and most stable ______.
4. The carboxyl functional group that characterizes the ______.
5. ______ are commonly used for food aroma and fragrances.
6. ______ are polymeric macromolecules, or large biological molecules, essential for all known forms of life.
2. Translate the sentences into English without using a dictionary.
1
.
Функциональные группы могут иметь
определяющее влияние на химические и
физические свойства органических
соединений. 2. Органические вещества
классифицируют в соответствии с
функциональными группами, например,
спирты, углеводы, амины и т. д. 3.
Ароматические углеводороды содержат
сопряженные двойные связи. 4. Вещества,
в которых гидроксильная группа связана
с ароматическим кольцом, называются
фенолами. 5. Белки — это макромолекулы,
состоящие из одной или нескольких цепей
аминокислотных остатков.
3. What are the scientific contributions made by the following organic chemists? Tell your partner about them. If necessary, use the Internet.
Friedrich Wöhler (1800 – 1882) |
Friedrich August Kekulé (1829 – 1896) |
Alexander Mikhaylovich Butlerov (1828 – 1886) |
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4. Look at the picture and comment on it from the point of view of chemistry. Say what classes these organic compounds belong to.
5. Read the following text and choose the correct word among suggested to fill in the gaps.
3 Accidental organic chemistry discoveries
Some of the most important discoveries in organic chemistry were 1_____ accidental. Here are three of those accidental discoveries.
Penicillin
P
erhaps
the most famous accidental discovery is penicillin. On September 3rd,
1928, Alexander Fleming 2_____
from a family vacation to his lab. Before leaving he had left his
samples alone in the corner of his lab. Now, the story you've
probably heard is that Fleming left an orange or a piece of bread
next to his samples. The bread got 3_____
and penicillin was discovered.
The truth is that
Fleming was well known for leaving his lab door open. In the same
facility an allergist was working with the mold, where it likely made
its way into Fleming’s lab. In any case the accidental discovery of
this chemical 4_____
to one of history's most important antibiotics.