Виконання вправ на закріплення граматичної теми
Вправа 9. Виберіть правильну відповідь.
1. children, games, like, play, to – .
Children like to play games
Games like to play children
Like children games to play
To play games like children
2. his, friend, is, old, she – .
Friend is she his old
His friend she is old
Old friend she is his
She is his old friend
3. a, book, daughter, is, my, reading – .
A book is reading my daughter
Is my daughter reading a book
My daughter is reading a book
Reading a book is my daughter
4. a, floor, on, rug, the, there, was – .
On the floor a rug was there
There was a rug on the floor
The rug on a floor there was
Was there a rug on the floor
5. didn't, dinner, invite, me, to, you – .
Didn't to dinner invite me you
Invite me to dinner you didn't
Me didn't invite you to dinner
You didn't invite me to dinner
6. … to drive a car.
For her is difficult
It is difficult for her
There is difficult for her
This is difficult for her
7. The company last week.
a good job offered to him
he was offered a good job
offered a good job him
offered him a good job
8. She was wearing suit.
a business dark-gray nice
a dark-gray business nice
a nice dark-gray business
a nice business dark-gray
9. They .
about it never talk
never talk about it
talk about it never
talk it never about
10. She arrived .
by Sunday in Rome on train
by train on Sunday in Rome
in Rome by train on Sunday
on Sunday by train in Rome
Вправа 10. Складіть речення з поданих слів.
sources, аn electric vehicle, through, by electricity, from off-vehicle, a collector system, may be powered .
may be, with a battery, to convert fuel, self-contained, An electric vehicle, or generator, to electricity.
the battery's, lifespan , effective, costs, decreases, Increasing.
the working, The functioning, in, is, regulated, control devices, of, mechanisms, an electric drive, usually, by automatic.
the 1960’s, electric drives, During ,with, began, in several, areas, of technology, numerical control, to be used, of technology.
Заняття 50
Тема: Апаратура керування та захисту електроприводів: пакетні перемикачі
Граматичний матеріал: Порядок слів у питальному реченні
Вправа 1. Прочитайте та перекладіть лексику за допомогою словника.
for inclusion [fɔːr ɪnˈkluːʒən]
electrotechnical installations [ ilectrɔteknicəl ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃənz ]
violation ˌ[vaɪəˈleɪʃən ]
auxiliary [ɔːgˈzɪljəri]
knife switches [ naɪf ˈswɪʧɪz]
machine guns [məˈʃiːn gʌnz ]
relay [riːˈleɪ ]
magnetic actuators [mægˈnɛtɪk ˈæktjʊeɪtəz ]
package switch [ˈpækɪʤ swɪʧ]
mobile contacts [ˈməʊbaɪl ˈkɒntækts]
isolated switching roller [ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd ˈswɪʧɪŋ ˈrəʊlə]
Вправа 2. Прочитайте та перекладіть текст українською.
Electric Equipment of Management and Protection
For inclusion and switching off of electrical machines, devices and networks and also for management of work of various electrotechnical installations and protection of their separate elements at violation of normal operating modes use the auxiliary electric equipment: switches of a low and high voltage, knife switches, switches, the minimum and maximum machine guns, rheostats, contactors, controlers, the relay and magnetic actuators.
The equipment of management, regulation and protection shares on a way of management on manual and remote, and also on tension of a network in which they join.
The electric equipment is one of important links of modern production. With its help all processes of management of the electric equipment are carried out.
The package switch and the switch consist of the switching mechanism and contact system.
The contact system is carried out from separate contact sections which gather in a package. Each section (Fig. 1a) forming one pole of contact system consists of an insulator/in which grooves there are motionless contacts 2 with clips 3 for connection of wires, the mobile springing contacts 4 with square openings of 5 and fiber washers 6.
In square openings of mobile contacts the isolated switching roller 7 is located. At turn of the handle 8 of this roller there is a switching of electric chains which switched on the package switch or the switch (Fig. 1б).
Fig.1 The package switch
arrangement; б) scheme
The contact system is carried out from separate contact sections which gather in a package. Each section (Fig.1a) forming one pole of contact system consists of an insulator/in which grooves there are motionless contacts 2 with clips 3 for connection of wires, the mobile springing contacts 4 with square openings of 5 and fiber washers 6.
In square openings of mobile contacts the isolated switching roller 7 is located. At turn of the handle 8 of this roller there is a switching of electric chains which switched on the package switch or the switch (fig. 158, b).
Вправа 3. Дайте відповіді на питання.
When do we use the auxiliary electric equipment?
What protection devices do you know?
How does the equipment of management share?
Is the electric equipment one of important links of modern production?
Does it help to carry out all processes of management of the electric equipment?
What do the package switch and the switch consist of?
What is the contact system carried out?
What does each section consist of?
Where is the isolated switching roller located?
What do we have when we turn of the handle?
Вправа 4. Знайдіть у тексті технічні терміни та висловлювання та перекладіть їх англійською мовою.
Електричні машини та прибори, допоміжна електрична апаратура, вимикачі низької та високої напруги, мінімальні та максимальні автомати, реостати, контактори, ручна та дистанційна апаратура управління, напруга у мережі, контактна система, контактні секції, квадратні щілини, комутація електричних ланцюгів.
Вправа 5. Виберіть з дужок необхідне за смислом слово.
1. In square openings of mobile contacts … is located.
(mobile contacts,the isolated switching roller,handle).
2. … is carried out from separate contact sections which gather in a package.
(motionless contacts, mobile springing contacts, the contact system).
3. The equipment of management, regulation and protection … on a way of management on manual and remote, and also on tension of a network in which they join. (shares, consists of, separates).
4. The electric equipment is one of important links of modern production.
( chain, links, point).
5. With its help all processes of management of the electric equipment are carried out. (electric equipment, electric device, electric contact).
Вправа 6. Виберіть правильну ідіому та вставте її у речення.
1. If it's … to you, let's meet on Tuesday instead of Monday.
all along
all at once
all of a sudden
all the same
2. The accident … on Maple Street.
took part
took place
took time
took turns
3. Children, your task for tomorrow is to learn this poem … .
by all means
by chance
by heart
by the way
4. Good-bye and don't forget to … !
keep good time
keep in mind
keep in touch
keep moving
5. The party was formal and dull until Mike arrived and … with his jokes. Then everyone began to relax.
broke the bank
broke the ice
broke the law
broke the news
6. Mr. Milton is … the Sales Department.
in case of
in charge of
in honor of
in search of
7. Will he ever come back? – No, he left … .
by himself
for good
in advance
on time
8. The car almost hit an old woman crossing the street. That was a … .
close call
false alarm
last-minute notice
long shot
9. He is … and will be here in ten minutes.
about to have dinner
behind bars
on his way
out of town
10. When his children broke a vase yesterday, he … and began to shout at everyone.
lost all hope
lost his breath
lost his temper
lost his way
Граматичний матеріал: Порядок слів у питальному реченні
В англійській мові існує 5 типів питальних речень.
1. Загальне запитання (General Questions)
Загальне запитання в англійській мові є найпростішим. Це питання, яке передбачає в якості відповіді або “так“, або “ні“. Тобто питання, для отримання загальної інформації. Тому інколи це питання називається “yes/no question“.
Воно утворюється шляхом переміщення допоміжного дієслова або модального дієслова на перше місце в речення.
Повне правило:
Допоміжне дієслово + підмет + смислове дієслово + додаток
Допоміжне дієслово залежить від того, в якому часі ви хочете запитати:
Past Simple – Did
Present Simple – Do / Does
Future Simple – Shall / Will
Past Continuous – Was / Were
Present Continuous – Am / Is / Are
Future Continuous – Shall / Will
Past Perfect – Had
Present Perfect – Have / Has
Future Perfect – Shall / Will + після підмета йде допоміжне дієслово have
Past Perfect Continuous – Had + після підмета йде допоміжне дієслово been
Present Perfect Continuous – Have / Has + після підмета йде допоміжне дієслово been
Future Perfect Continuous – Shall / Will + після підмета йде допоміжні дієслова have been
Future in the Past – Would
Відповіді на загальне запитання можуть бути як короткими (Yes/No +підмет та допоміжне або модальне дієслово) так і повними. Час при цьому залишається незмінним. Приклади:
Have you been to London? – Yes, I have (Yes, I have been to London). – Ти був у Лондоні? – Так (я був у Лондоні).
Did you buy this car? – Yes, I did (Yes, I bought this car). – Ти купив цю машину? – Так (я купив цю машину).
Do they play football? – No, they don’t (No, they don’t play football). – Вони грають у футбол? – Ні (вони не грають у футбол).
Could you do that? – No, I couldn’t (No, I couldn’t do that). – Ти міг би зробити це? – Ні (ні, я зможу це зробити).