5. Анатомія людини.

• What are the principal parts of the human body?

The principal parts of the human body are the head, the trunk, and limbs (extremities).

• What are the principal organs in the chest?

The principal organs in the chest are the lungs, the heart and the esophagus (gullet).

• What organs does the abdomen consist of?

The lower part of the trunk called abdomen consists of the stomach, the liver, the spleen, the intestines, the kidneys, the gallbladder and the bladder.

• What organs does the face include?

The face includes the forehead, the eyes, nose, the mouth, the cheeks, the ears and the chin.

• What does the upper extremity consist of?

The upper extremity is connected with the chest by the shoulder consists of the upper arm, the forearm, the elbow, the wrist and the hand. We have 5 fingers on each hand. A short finger set apart from the other is called the thumb.

• What does the lover extremity consist of?

The lower extremity called the leg consists of the hip (thigh), the knee, the calf, the ankle and the foot. The foot is composed of the toes, the heel, the sole and the arch.

• What supports the soft parts and protects the organs from injury?

The framework of bones called the skeleton supports the soft parts and protects the organs from injury

• What are the main systems of the body?

The main systems of the body are the skeletal system, the muscular system, the nervous system, the circulatory system, the digestive system, the respiratory system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the reproductive systems.

• What is the function of the skeletal system?

The chief function of the skeletal system is structural.

• Why are bones important?

Bones are important in five ways. First, bones are the main support for the body; another function of skeleton is movement. Third, bones protect the organs beneath them. Fourth, yellow bone marrow stores calcium and fat. Finally, bones are the location where blood cells are produced by the cells of the red bone marrow

• What is the function of the skull?

The skull protects the brain.

• What parts can the skeleton be divided into?

The skeleton can be divided into three basic parts: skull, axial skeleton, and appendicular skeleton.

• What is the skeleton constructed of?

The skeleton is constructed of bones

• Why do adults have fewer bones then newborn babies?

There are 206 bones in the adult human skeleton, newborn babies have over 270 bones some of which fuse together.

• Who was the founder of the modern science of anatomy?

Andreas Vesalius was the founder of the modern science of anatomy

• What are the greatest discoveries of Vesalius?

He determined that there were no opening in the septum between the left and the right heart chambers. It was a great discovery

• What is Andreas Vesalius famous for?

Vesalius did much to establish new and exact anatomical terms. He studied the structure of the inner organs of the human body taking into consideration their functions. Vesalius was the first scientist to give a proper description of the human skeleton. He also determined that neither the right nor the left ventricles of the heart were connected. He determined that there were no opening in the septum between the left and the right heart chambers