4. Find the English equivalents to the following words and phrases:

нижестоящий суд, мисдиминор, передача на поруки, за­лог, большое следственное жюри, расследовать в суде, под­тверждать, выносить обвинительный приговор, процессуаль­ные действия при закрытых дверях, урегулировать, сделка, признание вины, признать себя виновным, вышестоящий суд, поручитель, процедура, согласиться с доводами обвинения.

5. Match the words from the left column with their definitions from the right column.

1. criminal procedure	a. to speak on somebody’s side or part as their explicitly or implicitly delegated representative
2. on one’s behalf	b. a person who is deprived of liberty against his will
3. to prove	c. a thing helpful in forming a conclusion or judgment
4. indictment	d. the adjudication process of the criminal law
5. prisoner	e. is a formal accusation that a person has committed a crime
6. to examine	f. to establish the truth or validity of by presentation of argument or evidence
7. evidence	g. to observe carefully or critically; inspect; to study or analyze

6. Fill in the gaps using the necessary words from exercise 5.

1. Anything you say may be used as … against you.

2. We are acting on his ….

3. The grand jury has handed down … against several mobsters.

4. It could not be …that the suspect stole the money.

5. The police … the evidence carefully.

6. More important differences appear in the rules of … .

7. He was captured by rebel forces and kept as their … for several months before they set him free.

7. Decide which sentences are true and which are false. Make the false sentences true.

1. Criminal procedure in the United States follows a pattern derived from Dutch traditions and principles.

2. Bailsman is a person who de­termines the charges, which in turn may well determine whether the accused appears before a lower court or a higher court.

3. The grand jury’s task is to examine the evidence produced by the prosecutor and, if war­ranted, to return an indictment.

4. Indictment is an official written state­ment that gives oblivion (mercy) for accused person.

5. The deliberations and proceedings before the grand jury are normally conducted in public.

6. Plea bargaining is the practice of agreeing to admit in a court that one is guilty of a small crime, in exchange for not being charged with a more serious crime.

8. Read the text again to fill in the gaps.

1. Criminal procedure in the United States … derived from English traditions and principles, but with ….

2. … de­termines the charges, which in turn may well determine whether the accused appears before a or a higher court.

3. The accused is offered …in almost every case, but he is not released … to deposit with the court a certain … .

4. The task of the grand jury in the US is … produced by the prosecutor and, if war­ranted, to return … .

5. An official written state­ment charging someone with a criminal offence is called … .

6. … and proceedings before the grand jury are normally conducted … .

7. When the case is brought before the trial court, it is often settled on the basis of … made between the prosecutor and the … .

8. The practice of agreeing to admit in a court that one is guilty of a small crime, in exchange for not being charged with a more serious crime is called … .

9. You can see the overview of the criminal process in the US. In small groups compare this information with the information about criminal process in some other countries. Present your schemes to the other students in your group

Focus on Grammar