II. Find in the text the English for the following Russian words and phrases:
в настоящее время, в порядке убывания, веб-приложение, встроенный, выделяться, интерпретируемый язык, компилируемый язык, кроссплатформенный язык, общий шлюзовый интерфейс, распространенный язык, с азов (с нуля), серверный язык, скриптовый язык, спрос на компетентных специалистов, структура, универсальный язык, язык с открытым исходным кодом.
Grammar Section |
I. Replace the Infinitive in brackets with Participle I or II.
1. Computer programming is a field (to deal) with the analytical creation of source code (to use) to configure computer systems. 2. He obtained a great programming experience, (to work) in a software development company. 3. Functional programming is a paradigm (to treat) computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and (to avoid) mutable data. 4. The situation in which a procedure calls itself, (to pass) in a (to modify) value of the parameters is (to call) recursive programming. 5. OOP is a programming language model (to organize) around “objects” rather than “actions”. 6. Objects may be (to derive) from more general objects, (to inherit) their capabilities. 7. (to write) a program, a coder must take into account it’s application domain. 8. A (to write) program is further-on (to test), (to debug), and (to maintain). 9. JavaScript, (to run) in the Web browser on the client side, is smaller, easier to code and doesn’t have to be (to compile). 10. (to embed) into HTML, it’s used in millions of Web pages to validate forms, create cookies, etc.
II. Absolute Participle Construction. Read and translate the sentences.
1. The program being written and all supporting documents and forms having been developed, it’s time to provide the copies to affected managers and supervisors. 2. The test case being sufficiently simplified, a programmer can use a debugger tool to examine program states (values of variables, plus the call stack /стек вызовов/) and track down the origin of the problems. 3. There are over 2,000 computer languages, relatively few of them being actually widely used. 4. Programming is a sophisticated process, comprised of different stages, maintaining being the final one. 5. The process of writing source code often requiring profound knowledge in many different subjects, a University degree is expected to hold a programmer’s position. 6. In OOP information hiding makes large-scale programming easier, a programmer thinking about each part of the program in isolation.
III. State the function of the participles, given in italics, and translate the sentences.
1. C# is a multiparadigm programming language encompassing imperative, functional, generic, object-oriented and component-oriented programming disciplines. 2. Like the BASIC programming language, Visual Basic has been designed to be easily learned and used by beginner programmers. 3. Android provides the tools for developing applications for the Android OS using the Java programming language. 4. C# is an object-oriented language developed by Microsoft as part of its.NET initiative. 5. Objective-C is used primarily on Apple’s Mac OS X and iOS. 6. While demand for the dynamic or scripting languages such as Perl, Python, PHP and Ruby lags behind that of Java and more mainstream languages, the popularity of these languages is growing. 7. When translated to binary machine code, source code can be directly read and executed by a computer. 8. Dynamic languages, especially Python, are being used to create Web/cloud applications on frameworks such as Django. 9. The source code is usually held in one or more text files, these files being carefully arranged into a directory tree.
Listening & Speaking |
