Numerals

Cardinals(cardinal numerals/)numbers)

Ordinals(ordinal numerals/numbers)

• i ndicate exact number, used in counting

Morphological composition:

• simple: 1-12, 100, 1,00, 1,000,000

• derivatives:13-19 (-teen)

20-90 (-ty)

• compound (composite): 21-29 31- 39 etc.

Note: a hundred/one hundred

a thousand/one thousand

a million/one million

collective

a dozen /one dozen (12) numbers

a score / one score (20)

two dozen (24)

a gross/one gross (12 dozen)

Functions:

• subject: Three plus three is six.

• object: I bought four (of them).

• predictive: He is five.

• Attribute: There were four men in the room.

• Adverb. modifier: I get up at seven.

Note: used instead of ordinals in postposition:

Book Four but the fourth book, Act Three but the third , Unit 5, lecture 3, line 6, paragraph 2, Chapter X, No. (number) 49 = # 49 (US English), Apartment 12, World War II(but the Second World War)

• Show the order of persons or things in a series

Morphological composition:

(the same)

• Except the first three: 1^st (the first), 2^nd (the second), 3d (the third) are formed from cardinal numerals by means of the suffix –th.

Mind the pronunciation:

20 – twenty but the 20ieth [ˈtwentııθ]

30 – thirty but the 30ieth ,etc.

Note: normally they are used with the definite article: This is the second floor. But can be used with the indefinite article when they do not show a definite order of persons or things in a series: The bell rang once, then a second time, then a third.

Functions:

• Attribute: This is my first dance.

• Subject: Then advancing towards us came a fifth.

• Predicative: So I might as well be the first.

• object: She noted a scar on his cheek, another ... and a third that ran ...