Insulin stimulates all the processes except:

A. Lipogenesis

*B. Gluconeogenesis

C. Glycolysis

D. Glycogen synthesis

E. Hexose monophosphate shunt

Which compound does not inhibit platelet aggregation?

A. Bufferin

B. Benoxaprofen

C. Prostacyclin

D. Aspirin

*E. Thromboxane A2

Prostaglandin synthesis is partially switched off by:

*A. Cyclooxygenase inhibition

B. Peroxidase

C. Reductase activation

D. HMP reductase

E. Lipoxygenase inhibition

Deficiency of linoleic and linolenic acids in the body leads to the skin damage, hear loss, delayed wound healing, thrombocytopenia, low resistance to infections. These changes are most likely to be caused by impaired synthesis of the following substance:

A. Interleukins

*B. Eicosanoids

C. Catecholamines

D. Corticosteroids

E. Interferons

Choose the true about prostaglandins:

A. Present in many tissues

*B. All are true

C. Synthesized from arachidonic acid

D. Short acting

E. Some require cAMP for their action

Choose the condition for stimulation of glucagon secretion by pancreas:

A. High levels of pyruvic acid in the blood

*B. Low levels of glucose in the blood

C. High levels of calcium ions in the blood

D. Low levels of calcium in the blood

E. Low levels of glucocorticoids in the blood

As a result of home injury, a patient suffered a significant blood loss, which led to a fall in blood pressure. Rapid blood pressure recovery after the blood loss is provided by the following hormones:

*A. Adrenalin, vasopressin

B. Aldosterone

C. Sex hormones

D. Oxytocin

E. Cortisol

A 32-year-old female patient consulted a doctor about the absence of lactation after parturition. Such disorder might be explained by the deficit of the following hormone:

A. Vasopressin

B. Glucagon

C. Somatotropin

D. Thyrocalcitonin

*E. Prolactin

Insulin increases the activities of all of the following enzymes, except

A. Glycogen synthase

B. Proteinkinase C

C. Glucokinase

D. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

*E. Pyruvate carboxylase

Which of the following is anabolic hormone:

A. Aldosterone

B. Somatostatin

C. Epinephrine

*D. Insulin

E. Glucagon

What pituitary gland hormone secretion will be inhibited in female after taking the oral contraceptives containing sex hormones?

A. Oxytocin

B. Vasopressin

*C. Gonadotropin

D. Thyroid stimulating hormone

E. Growth hormone

The shortest peptide in this list is:

A. Oxytocin

*B. Encephalin

C. Vasopressin

D. Angiotensin II

E. Glucagon

Name the factor of protein nature produced by T- or B-lymphocytes at viral infections in patients:

*A. Interferon gamma

B. Parathyroid hormone

C. Calcitonin

D. Calmodulin

E. Calcitriol

Insulin causes lipogenesis by all except:

A. Increasing the rate of glucose transport into the cells

B. Decreasing the intracellular cAMP level

C. Increasing acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity

D. Activation of phosphodiesterase

*E. Inhibiting of pyruvate dehydrogenase

Prostaglandin is a product of:

*A. Cyclooxygenase system

B. Complement system

C. Lipooxygenase system

D. Hydrogen peroxide myeloperoxidase halogen system

E. A type of vasoactive system

During cell division, DNA replication occurs by a signal from the cytoplasm, and a certain pertion of the DNA helix unwinds and splits into two individual strains. What enzyme facilitates this process?

*A. Helicase

B. Restrictase

C. RNA polymerase

D. DNA polymerase

E. Ligase

A patient with signs of osteoporosis and urolithiasis has been admitted to the endocrinology department. Blood test has revealed hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia. These changes are associated with abnormal synthesis of the following hormone:

A. Cortisol

B. Calcitriol

C. Calcitonin

D. Aldosterone

*E. Parathyroid hormone

Feces of the patient contain high amount of undissociated fats and have grayish-white color. Specify the cause of this phenomenon:

A. Enteritis

B. Hypovitaminosis

*C. Obturation of bile duct

D. Hypoactivation of pepsin by hydrochloric acid

E. Irritation of intestinal epithelium

Patients with erythropoietic porphyria (Gunther’s disease) have teeth that fluoresce with bright red color when subjected to ulraviolet radiation; their skin is light-sensitive, urine is red-colored. What enzyme can cause this desease, when it is deficient?

A. Uroporphyrinogen decarbozylase

B. Uroporphyrinogen I synthase

*C. Uroporphyrinogen III cosynthase

D. Delta-aminolevulinate synthase

E. Ferrochelatase

A patient has been admitted to the contagious isolation ward with signs of jaundice caused by hepatitis virus. Which of the symptoms given below is strictly specific for hepatocellular jaundice?

A. Urobilinuria

B. Bilirubinuria

C. Cholemia

*D. Increase of ALT, AST levels

E. Heperbilirubinemia

A 41-year-old male patient has a history of recurrent attacks of heartbeats (paroxysms), profuse sweating, headaches, Examination reveled hypertension, hyperglycemia, increased basal metabolic rate, and tachycardia. These clinical presentations are typical for the following adrenal pathology:

A. Hypofunction of the adrenal cortex

*B. Hyperfunction of adrenal medulla

C. Hypofunction of adrenal medulla

D. Primaty aldosteronism

E. Hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex

Pancreas is known as a missed gland. Endocrine functions include production of insulin by beta cells. This hormone affects the metabolism of carbohydrates. What is its effect upon the activity of glycogen phosphorylase (GP) and glycogen synthase (GS)?

A. It does not affect the activity of GP and GS

*B. It suppresses GP and stimulates GS

C. It stimulates both GP and GS

D. It suppresses both GP and GS

E. It stimulates GP and suppresses GS