14. To put insulating lining

Insulating lining: Indications: 1) to prevent thermal stimuli that reach pulp (is placed under amalgam); 2) to prevent toxic influence of the pulp by composite restorative material; 3) to separate root canal filling material (based on eugenol) from crown filling material (composite material).

Available materials: zinc-phosphate cement, GICs (glassionomer).

Technique: lining is placed to the bottom of carious cavity and condensed with ball-ended plastic.(thickness of lining is 1-1,5 mm).

Under composite restorative material - lining is placed only to the bottom of carious cavity.

Under amalgam – lining is placed both to the bottom and walls.

In the case of placement lining to separate root filling from crown filling it is placed in such a way, to fulfill pulp chamber entirely.

15. To fill carious cavity by chemical- cured composite material.

1. To prepare syringe with 37% phosphoric acid gel.

2. To apply etching gel for 15-20 sec to enamel in prepared carious cavity.

3. To wash off the gel with light stream of water for 20-30 sec.

4. To dry the cavity by air. Etched surface of enamel loses its shine, becomes dull, with chalky colour (porous-white).

5. To prepare a paper pad for mixing primer and bond of adhesive system.

6. To drop by 1 drop of base and catalyzing agents of adhesive systems and then mix them for 30 sec.

7. With a micro-brush apply adhesive system to enamel.

8. By the light stream of air from air-and-water syringe, distribute adhesive system on the surface of enamel.

9. Portion of filling material (in equal parts of base and catalyzing paste) is placed on a paper pad.

10. On a paper pad a filling material is mixed within 30 seconds by plastic spatula.

11. A material is placed into carious cavity by one or two portions (depending from the depth of cavity) by flat plastic instrument.

12. A formation and condensation of material is done by ball-ended flat plastic instrument.

13. Finishing and polishing of restoration is done by burs and polishing discs at the same visit.

16. To fill carious cavity by light-cured composite material.

1. To apply 37% phosphoric acid gel to enamel and dentin.

2. Time of etching - 15-20 sec.

3. To wash off an etching gel with light stream of water for 20-40 sec (washing time should be twice longer than etching time).

4. To dry the cavity by air. Etched surface of enamel loses its shine, becomes dull, with chalk-like colour (white-porous).

5. With a micro-brush apply adhesive system to enamel and dentine - 5^th generation. By the light stream of air from air-and-water syringe, distribute an adhesive system on the surface of enamel and dentine, light-cure for 10-20 sec.

6. To put a thin increments (2mm) of material to the cavity by the flat plastic instrument.

7. To light-cure each layer of material within 20-40 sec, in particular 10-20sec it is necessary to light-cure from that side of cavity, to which the filling material will bind(in II, III,IV classes of cavities), and then perpendicular to the material .

8. To place material by layers, condense material with ball-ended flat plastic and light-cure. It is recommended to overbuild restoration a little to prevent oxygen inhibited layer formation.

9. Final polishing and finishing is done by burs and polishing discs at the same visit, all high spots should be removed at the stage of adjustment restoration to the bite.