- •Wear come sleep write break dig teach bring freeze think buy ring wake catch rise
- •Present tenses
- •Past indefinite vs present perfect
- •Tense revision
- •Prepositons and idioms
- •Modal verbs
- •Passive voice
- •Infinitive
- •1. Use the appropriate form of the infinitives in brackets:
- •2. Insert the appropriate form of the infinitive.
- •3. Translate into English using the passive infinitive.
- •4. Put to where necessary before the infinitives:
- •5. Insert the particle to where necessary:
- •Complete the sentences with too or enough and the adjective in brackets.
- •Fill in too or enough and one of the adjectives from the list to write sentences as in the example. Add an object where necessary.
- •8. Rewrite the sentences using for as in the example.
- •9. Paraphrase using "for-phrases" with Infinitives:
- •10. Paraphrase the following sentences using the Complex Object:
- •11. Translate into English using the Complex Object with the Infinitive.
- •12. Complete the following using the Infinitive.
- •13. Replace the group of words in bold type by an Infinitive:
- •14. Translate into English using Infinitives.
- •The participle
- •Join each of the following pairs of sentences, using either a non-perfect Participle I (e.G. Knowing), a perfect Participle I (e.G. Having known), or Participle II (e.G. Known).
- •2. I had seen photographs of the place. I had no desire to go there. Having seen photographs of the place, I had no desire to go there.
- •3. The speaker refused to continue. He was infuriated by the interruptions. Infuriated by the interruptions, the speaker refused to continue.
- •2. Point out the First Participle and state its functions in the sentence:
- •3. Use the appropriate form of the First Participle of the verbs in brackets:
- •3. Translate into English using the First Participle:
- •4. Replace the infinitives in brackets by the appropriate Participles:
- •5.Underline the correct word.
- •6. Translate into English using the Second Participle:
- •7. Rewrite the sentences using participles.
- •9. Point out the "Nominative Absolute" construction and translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •10. Replace the attributive and adverbial clauses in the following sentences by participle phrases:
- •The gerund
- •1. Complete the following using the Gerund:
- •2. Use the appropriate form of the Gerund of the verbs in brackets:
- •3. Open the brackets using the correct form of the Gerund:
- •4. Use the appropriate form of the Gerund and insert prepositions where necessary:
- •5. Use the appropriate form of the Gerund. Insert prepositions where necessary:
- •6. Put the verbs in brackets into the Gerund:
- •7. Open the brackets using the Gerund:
- •8. Translate into English using the correct form of the gerund:
- •Revision exercises on the verbals
- •1. Complete the following using either the Infinitive or the Gerund:
- •2. Use the Gerund or the Infinitive of the verbs in brackets. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions:
- •3. Use Gerunds or Infinitives in place of the verbs in brackets:
- •4. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct infinitive form or the -ing form.
- •5. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct infinitive form or the -ing form.
- •6. Choose the correct variant.
- •7. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct infinitive form or the -ing form.
- •8. Choose the correct answer.
- •9. Supply any suitable verb in a suitable form.
- •10. Translate into English using verbals:
- •Conditionals
- •1. Complete the sentences with the verbs in parentheses.
- •2. Supply the appropriate auxiliary verb.
- •3. Begin your response with "But if I had known . . . ."
- •4. Change the following statements into conditional sentences.
- •5. Give sentences with the same meaning by omitting if from the conditional sentences.
- •6. Give sentences with the same meaning by using "if clauses."
- •7. Complete the sentences with the verbs in parentheses. Some of the verbs are passive.
- •8. Complete the sentences with the verbs in parentheses.
- •9. Complete the following. Add commas where necessary.
- •11. Supply an appropriate form.
- •12. Answer the questions. Use wish.
- •13. Complete the sentences with as if/as though
- •15. Put the verbs in brackets into the appropriate form.
- •17. Fill in: unless or if.
- •18. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense. Add a comma where necessary.
- •19. Put the words in brackets into the appropriate form.
- •Adjectives
- •Nouns and articles
Passive voice
Exercise 1. Change the verb to the passive. Do not change the tense.
Bob mailed the package --- The package was mailed by Bob.
Mr Catt delivers our mail.
The children have eaten the cake.
Linda wrote that letter.
The jeweler is going to fix my watch.
Mr Bond will teach our class.
That company employs many people.
That company has hired Sue.
The secretary is going to fax the letters.
A college student bought my old car.
Mr Adams will do the work.
Mr Fox washed the windows.
A thief stole Ann’s purse.
Did a cat kill the bird?
My cat didn’t kill the bird.
A squirrel didn’t bite the jogger.
A dog bit the jogger.
Do a large number of people speak English?
Did Johnny break the window?
Is the janitor going to fix the window?
More than one hundred people have signed the petition.
Did Shakespeare write ‘A Midsummer Night’s Dream’.
Ernest Hemingway didn’t write ‘ A Midsummer Night’s Dream’.
Will a maid clean our hotel room?
Does the hotel provide clean towels?
Sometimes my inability to understand spoken English frustrates me.
Someone is building a new house on Elm Street.
The Smith Construction Company is building that house.
Yoko is reading this sentence.
We can’t use our classroom today because someone is painting it.
We couldn’t use our classroom yesterday because someone was painting it.
We can’t use the language lab today because someone is fixing the equipment.
We couldn’t use the language lab yesterday because someone was fixing the equipment.
Someone is repairing my shoes.
Someone was repairing my shoes.
Someone is organising a student trip to the art museum.
Exercise 2. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb (active or passive) in parentheses.
Yesterday our teacher (arrive) five minutes late.
The morning paper (read) by over 200,000 people every day.
Last night my favourite TV program (interrupt) by a special news bulletin.
That’s not my coat. It (belong) to Louise.
Our mail (deliver) before noon every day.
The ‘b’ in ‘comb’ (pronounce, not). It is silent.
A bad accident (happen) on Highway 95 last night.
When I (arrive) at the airport yesterday, I (meet) by my cousin and a couple of her friends.
Yesterday I (hear) about Margaret’s divorce. I (surprise) by the news. Janice (shock).
A new house (build) next to ours next year.
Roberto (write) this composition last week. That one (write) by Abdullah.
Radium (discover) by Marie and Pierre Curie in 1898.
At the soccer game yesterday, the winning goal (kick) by Luigi. Over 100, 000 people (attend) the soccer game.
The Eiffel Tower (be) in Paris, France. It (visit) by millions of people every year. It (design) by Alexander Eiffel (1832-1923). It (erect) in 1889 for the Paris exposition. Since that time, it (be) the famous landmark in Paris. Today it (recognise) by people throughout the world.
This book (have to return) to the library tonight.
The other books (return) yesterday.
That book (should return) tomorrow.
These letters (be going to mail) tomorrow.
That letter (ought to send) immediately.
This letter (must send) today.
Those letters (arrive) yesterday.
I don’t have my car today. It’s in the garage. It (repair) right now.
Kate didn’t have her car last week because it was in the garage. While it (repair), she took the bus to work.
The mechanic (repair) Tina’s car last week.
Glass (make) from sand.
You (should carry, not) large sums of money with you.
Large sums of money (ought to keep) in a bank, didn’t you think?
At our high school, the students’ grades (send) to their parents four times each year.
I’m sorry, but the computer job is no longer available. A new programmer (hire, already).
Household cleaning agents (must use) with care. For example, mixing chlorine bleach with ammonia (can produce) toxic gases.
What products (manufacture) in your country?
Aluminium is a valuable metal that (can use) again and again. Because this metal (can recycle), aluminium cans (should throw away, not).
Endangered wildlife (must protect) from extinction.
People with the moral courage to fight against injustices (can find) in every corner of the world.
In prehistoric times, huge herds of horses (live) throughout the Americas. But then, for some unknown reason, they (disappear) completely from North and South America. Even though the early horses (die) out in the Americas, they (survive) in Asia.
Long ago, horses (domesticate) by central Asian nomads. At first, horses (use) in war and in hunting, and oxen (use) for farming. Later, horses also (become) farm animals.
Horses (reintroduce) into the Americas by Spaniards in the early fifteenth century. Spanish explorers (come) in ships to the New World with their horses on board.
When the explorers (return) to Spain, they (leave) some of their horses behind. These (develop) into wild herds. Native American tribes in the western plains (begin) to use horses around 1600. Wild horses (capture) and (tame) for use in war and in hunting.
In the 1800s, there were several million wild horses in North America. By the 1970s, that number had become less than 20,000. The wild horses (hunt) and (kill) principally for use as pet food. Today in the United States, wild horses (protect) by law. They (can kill, not) for sport or profit. What is your opinion? (should protect, wild horses) by law?
The Amazon valley is extremely important to the ecology of the earth. Forty percent of the world’s oxygen (produce) there.
The game (win, probably) by the other team tomorrow. They’re a lot better than we are.
There was a terrible accident on a busy downtown street yesterday. Dozens of people (see) it, including my friend, who (interview) by the police.
In my country, certain prices (control) by the government, such as prices of medical supplies. However, other prices (determine) by how much people are willing to pay for a product.
Yesterday the wind (blow) my hat off my head. I had to chase it down the street. I (want, not) to lose it because it’s my favourite hat and it (cost) a lot.
Right now Alex is in hospital. He (treat) for a bad burn on his hand and arm.
Yesterday a purse-snatcher (catch) by a dog. While the thief (chase) by the police, he (jump) over a fence into someone’s yard, where he encountered a ferocious dog. The dog (keep) the thief from escaping.
Frostbite may occur when the skin (expose) to extreme cold. It most frequently (affect) the skin of the cheeks, chin, ears, fingers, nose and toes.
The first fish (appear) on the earth about 500 million years ago. Up to now, over 20000 kinds of fish (name) and (describe) by scientists. New species (discover) every year, so the total increases continually.
Proper first aid can save a victim’s life, especially if the victim is bleeding heavily, has stopped breathing, or (poison).
The government used to support the school. Today it (support) by private funds as well as by the tuition the students pay.
Exercise 3. Rewrite the following passages in the passive.
My parents own the restaurant in our town. Last weekend my father dismissed the head waiter as he had stolen some stock form the cellar. My father is going to hire a new waiter as he is doing all the work by himself at the moment. He asked me to help serve the food. However, I mixed up all the orders and the customers made several complaints. I’m sure my father will never ask me to help him again!
The Government made an important decision last night. They will ban all cars from the centre of town as pollution is seriously affecting people’s health. They will allow only bicycles and buses to enter the town center. They are making plans for a new environmental police force. After all, they must do something before it’s too late.
James Fitt witnessed a horrific plane crash last night. The fire brigade fought the wreckage fire while ambulance men rescued surviving passengers. Ambulance took all the survivors to hospital. No one knows yet what caused the plane to crash. Newspapers and TV reporters have already interviewed many of the survivors. The Civil Aviation Authority has launched a full investigation. They say that someone may have put a bomb on board the aircraft. The hope that the aircraft’s “black box” will provide the vital information but they haven’t found it yet. They are continuing the search.