The Control Unit and the Arithmetic-Logical Unit.

1. The basic components of a computer cannot operate without commands from the control unit.

2. Programs and data on which the control unit and the arithmetic-logical unit operate must be in internal memory in order to be processed.

3. The control unit and the arithmetic-logical unit are part of the processor.

4. The control unit directs the movement in information between the arithmetic-logical unit and main storage.

5. Binary arithmetic is not performed by the control unit.

6. There are more components belonging to the arithmetic-logical unit than to the control unit.

7. The arithmetic logical unit does not always transfer the results immediately to memory.

8. The arithmetic unit and the logical unit do not perform the same types of operations.

9. The logical unit can decide whether a number is equal to, greater than or less than another number.

10. Without the decision-making function, a computer would simply be a large adding machine.

Упражнение 16. Подберите утверждения (правая колонка), соответствующие данным терминам (левая колонка):

Counter Register Decoder Clock Binary arithmetic Control unit Arithmetic unit Logic unit Registers Arithmetic-logical unit

does the calculation necessary to solve the problem temporarily hold results before transferring to memory temporarily holds the instruction does the decision-making operations produces timing marks does the calculations and makes decision to solve problems directs movement of information between memory and arithmetic unit breaks down the coded information to be handled based on 0 and 1 chooses the instruction

Упражнение 17. Заполните таблицу, используя информацию текста (упр.14):

	parts	Functions
Control unit	1. 2. 3. 4.	selects holds breaks down produces
Arithmetic-logical unit	1. 2. 3.	holds carries out and 1) 2)=another 3) number

Упражнение 18. Прочитайте текст о структуре процессора и заполните пропуски, используя слова, приведенные ниже:

Structure of the processor

The processor consists of a 1_____, which is a circuit board on which are mounted 2_____ chips, memory chips, and other components linked together by 3_____ lines or channels in the form of control, address, and data 4_____. In addition, a processor has 5_____, which are electronic circuits providing specialized functions such as graphics, or which connect a system board to 6_____. The system board also consists of electronic devices, such as an electronic 7_____ for controlling the speed of operation; 8_____, which store numeric data, during the course of processing; and various 9_____, including sequence control register, address register, and function register.

adaptor boards, registers, microprocessor, clock, conductive,

system board, accumulators, input or output devices, buses

(O. E. C.)

Упражнение 19. Используя информацию текста и диаграмму, подберите определения или объяснения (правая колонка) данным терминам (левая колонка):

A processor consists of many different electronic circuits and devices for performing control functions, arithmetic and logic operations, and data transfers. Data may be transferred from backing storage to the internal memory or from the internal memory to the arithmetic unit by means of conductive channels known as buses. The part of the processor which controls data transfers between the various input and output devices is called the control unit.

Microprocessor

Chip

Arithmetic- Peripheral Connecting

logic unit Control bus bus cable Input

devices

Registers Address bus Input port