- •Seminar 1 The Phrase. Noun phrases.
- •1. Theoretical Comment.
- •2. Practice.
- •2. Identify the types of phrases with regard to their grammatical organization:
- •3. Make a list of the noun-phrases used in the following passage and describe their structure:
- •4. Point out the phrases of “a jewel of a wife” type. How does the meaning of the components contribute to the overall semantics? Suggest ways of translation.
- •6. Comment on the use of “sort (kind) of Adj (V)” in the following:
- •7. Point out the head and the modifier in each of the following phrases; pick out the reversible ones.
- •8. Give noun-phrases related through nominalizing transformation to the following sentences:
- •9. Analyse the following patterns in which the nouns weaken their meaning of substance and approach adjectives. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •10. Define by means of transformational analysis the semantic relations between the components of the following noun-adjunct groups. Translate the sentences.
- •11. Comment on the relations between the components of the following noun adjunct groups. Translate them.
- •16. Translate the following:
- •17. Comment on the arrangement of the constituents in the following structures and define their meaning:
- •Literature:
- •Seminar 2 The Phrase. Subordinate Verb-phrases. Predicative Phrases.
- •1. Theoretical Comment.
- •2. Practice.
- •1. Analyse the verb phrases and the character of inner syntactic relations:
- •2. Give comments on the use of the verb-phrases with the cognate object:
- •3. Give comments on the adverbial use of nouns in the following patterns (point out the adverbial relations of comparison, time and different degree of quality):
- •4. Give comments on the structure of adjectival phrases in the following sentences:
- •5. Pick out nexus phrases in the following sentences and define their types.
- •6. Identify the syntactic relations:
- •7. Analyse the structures of predication in the following sentences. Pick out homonymic patterns. Translate the sentences.
- •Literature:
- •Seminar 3 The Simple Sentence. Structural and Communicative Approaches
- •1. Theoretical Comment.
- •2. Practice.
- •3. Pick out two-member elliptical sentences out of the underlined. Analyse their grammatical structure:
- •4. Analyse the following sentences. Pick out one-member nominal sentences and identify their modal meaning:
- •5. Comment on the grammatical organization and modal meanings of the infinitival sentences given below:
- •Literature:
- •Seminar 4 The Simple Sentence: Constituent Structure
- •1. Theoretical Comment.
- •2. Practice.
- •8. Differentiate between the compound verbal and compound nominal predicates. Single out instances of mixed types.
- •9. Comment on the types of attributes and ways of their expression.
- •10. Determine the types of objects and ways of their expression.
- •11. Identify semantic classes of the adverbial modifiers.
- •Literature:
- •Seminar 5 The Composite Sentence
- •1. Theoretical Comment.
- •2. Practice.
- •1. Analyze the type of connectors (if any) and the character of coordination between the clauses of the compound sentences.
- •2. Comment on the type of the sub-clause and the way of connection with the principal one.
- •3. Comment on the type of the sub-clause and the way of connection with the principal one.
- •4. Point out the type of subordination (parallel homogeneous/heterogeneous or consecutive) and the depth of subordination perspective.
- •5. Analyze the following multi-clause sentences. Schematize the connection of clauses.
- •1. Theoretical Comment.
- •2. Practice.
- •5. Form sentences with greater predicative load taking as the basis the following kernel sentences:
- •Literature:
- •Seminar 7 Semantic and Functional Sentence Perspective
- •1. Theoretical Comment.
- •2. Practice.
- •3 Identify the semantic role of the subject in the following sentences:
- •4. Comment on the actual division of the sentences and the means of its expression.
- •5. Comment on the means of expressing the rheme in these sentences:
- •6. Determine the pragmatic types of the sentences:
- •Literature:
Seminar 1 The Phrase. Noun phrases.
1. Theoretical Comment.
1. The phrase as a polynominative lingual unit; its distinctive features. The correlation of the phrase and the word, of the phrase and the sentence. Syntax of the phrase as “minor syntax” in relation to syntax of the sentence as “major syntax”.
2. Controversies concerning the phrase (terminology, definition).
3. Classifications of phrases: endocentric/exocentric; subordinate/coordinate/predicative.
4. Grammatical organization of a coordinate phrase; types of coordinate phrases; 3 groups of coordinators.
5. Grammatical organization of a subordinate phrase; classifications of subordinate phrases.
6. Grammatical organization of a predicative phrase; classifications of predicative phrases.
7. Noun-phrases with pre-posed and post-posed modifiers. The variety of semantic relations in noun-adjunct groups.
2. Practice.
1. Find equivalents of these terms:
minor syntax |
the head (centre, nucleus, kernel) |
major syntax |
the modifier (adjunct) |
phrase, word-combination |
syndetic (asyndetic) connection |
polynominative lingual unit |
nexus groups |
coordinate (subordinate, predicative) syntactic relations |
noun adjunct groups |
2. Identify the types of phrases with regard to their grammatical organization:
to fully understand; is seriously ill; for us to expect; claimed the land; young, nonchalant, charming; a cat licking milk; the “I’m sorry” response; rather doubtful; think of an idea; happy but not quite; the train moved; cakes and ale; a man, having no scruples; pleased, or almost so; enthusiastic but not cultured; the world beyond; really amazing; laughed a little; familiar noise; to feel foolish; almost insignificant; delivered for a friend; had definitely been; a summer wedding; came in to ask; rather die than submit; you honest.
3. Make a list of the noun-phrases used in the following passage and describe their structure:
After taking her elderly cousin across, Fleur did not land at once, but pulled in among the reeds, into the sunshine. The peaceful beauty of the afternoon seduced for a little one not much given to the vague and poetic. In the field beyond the bank where her skiff lay up, a machine drawn up by a grey horse was turning an early field of hay. She watched the grass cascading over and behind the light wheels with fascination – it looked so cool and fresh. The click and swish blended with the rustle of the willows and the poplars, and the cooing of a wood-pigeon, in a true river song. Alongside, in the deep green water, weeds, like yellow snakes, were writhing and nosing with the current; pied cattle in the farther side stood in the shade lazily swishing their tails. It was an afternoon to dream. An she took out Jon’s letters – not flowery effusions, but haunted in the recital of things seen and done by a longing very agreeable to her and all ending “Your devoted J” (J. Galsworthy).