The late middle ages

CHAPTER 7 THE CENTURY OF WAR, PLAGUE AND DISORDER

ACTIVE VOCABULARY

1. plague

2. maintaining armies

3. to throw off

4. gentry

5. merchant

6. alliance; ally

7. rebellious vassals

8. to seize part of

9. economic collapse

10. destruction

11. footslogger

12. to loot

13. to ransom

14. “code of chivalry”

15. “Order of the Garter”

16. famine

17. harvest

18. serfdom

19. “yeoman”

20. to enforce the tax

21. peasant’s revolt

22. Chancellor

23. Oppressive Establishment

24. heresy

I. Answer the following questions:

The century of war, plague and disorder

1. What did Britain and France suffer from?

2. How did it help to an increasing challenge to authority?

War with Scotland and France

1. Why did the war with Scotland and France begin?

2. What troubles did England had with France?

3. How did the king of France act to make his position stronger?

4. When did Edward III declare war to France?

5. How was it called?

6. Why were the English far more successful than the French on the battlefield at first?

The age of chivalry

1. Who did become symbols of the “code of chivalry”?

2. What was the main idea of the “code of chivalry”?

3. Speak on the order of the garter.

The century of plagues

1. What did the year 1348 bring to England?

2. What is the Black Death known for?

3. What did it lead to?

4. How did a new clan known as “yeoman” come to existence?

5. What were the changes in agriculture and economy of England?

The poor in revolt

1. When did Richard III become a king of England?

2. Why were the poor unpleased with his ruling?

3. When and where the 1^st revolt of the poor?

4. Comment on the Peasant’s Revolt?

Heresy and orthodoxy

1. Why was the Church unpopular with the people?

2. Speak on the main threats to the Church during the 14^th c.?

3. What do you know about the Llolardy?

4. Who was the leader of Llolardy?

CHAPTER 8 THE CRISIS OF KING AND NOBLES

ACTIVE VOCABULARY

1. to be deposed

2. to humble

3. reign

4. quarrelsome

5. simple-minded

6. mental illness

7. challenger

8. payment of ransom

9. wool trade

10. to be equal with

11. to fit well

I. Answer the following questions:

The crisis of kingship

1. When did the first crisis come?

2. What king of a ruler was Richard II?

3. Who was he deposed by?

4. Who did claim to the throne?

Wales in revolt

1. What was Edward I campaign towards Wales?

2. Name the first and only Welsh prince Who was ready to rebel against the English king?

3. What did he do for Wales?

The struggle in France

1. What was Henry V famous for?

2. What success did he have in the battles?

3. Who was Joan of Arc and how did she help France in war?

4. When was the Hundred Years War over?

The War of the Roses

1. Speak on the war of the Roses.

2. Distinguish between the Lancastrians and the Yorkists.

3. How did Henry Tudor land in England?

4. Who was he?

5. How did he become a king?

6. What did the War of the Roses bring to England?

Scotland

1. Why did the English invade the Scottish Lowlands?

2. Why did the nobles turn to establish power in Scotland?

3. What was the new interpretation of the word ‘clan’?

4. What did it stand for?

5. What benefits did French alliance bring to Scotland?

CHAPTER 9 GOVERNMENT AND SOCIETY

ACTIVE VOCABULARY

1. esquire

2. to maintain prices and quality

3. staple

4. rival

5. skilled worker

6. to fence in land

7. accommodation hall

8. royal accounts

9. to be anxious to do smth

10. disobedient

11. to give into men’s authority

12. pilgrim

13. rebirth

14. to embroider

15. to joust

16. illiterate