Active vocabulary

1. falling price

2. to compel attendance

3. municipal pavement

4. to make judgements

5. churchgoer

6. to draw crowd

7. misery

8. to abolish

9. Pre-Raphaelite

10. advanced and inferior races

11. fair play

12. to prevent legislation

I. Answer the following questions:

Social and economic improvements

1. What was the result of falling prices and increased wages?

2. What did the Act of Education state?

3. What does the term “redbrick” stand for?

4. What were the social changes made in the 19^th c.?

5. How did it stand with the authority of the Church?

6. Why did the poor no longer go to the Church?

7. How did the people of the 19^th c. spend their free time?

The importance of sport

What were the two main sports by the end of the 19^th c.? Comment on the topic.

Changes in thinking

1. What was the main idea of the 20^th c.?

2. What did the freedom of the factory owners lead to?

3. What was Robert Owen?

4. How did the new method of change influence of literature and painting?

5. What were the most important openings and inventions made in the 19^th c.?

The end of “England’s summer”

1. What did a growing demand for reform lead to?

2. Who was the “welfare state” established by?

3. What political event did occur in 1911?

4. What caused the Constitutional disagreement?

The storm clouds of war

1. Why did Britain lose the advantages it had over countries of the time of the Great Exhibition of 1851?

2. What was the state of the sea trade by the end of the 19^th c.?

3. What was the date July 1914 marked by?

4. What consequence did it have for Britain?

Part VIII the twentieth century

CHAPTER 22 BRITAIN AT WAR

Active vocabulary

1. a world competitor

2. to hold back the army

3. trench

4. artillery

5. to surrender

6. destruction

7. a deep-seated fear

8. strike action

9. suffragettes

10. guerilla fighting

11. a land fit for heroes

12. to cut wages

13. inevitable

14. suburbia

15. to be on one’s knees

I. Answer the following questions:

The First World War

1. How did Britain act in the war?

2. Britain was very well prepared for the war, wasn’t it?

3. Why was the war at sea more important than the war on the land?

4. What were the losses of the British army?

5. Who described the stupidity of this war?

The rise of the Labour Party

1. When did the Labour Party firstly start to establish?

2. What was the program of the Party?

3. What influence did the Bolshevik revolution in Russia had on Britain?

The rights of women

Dwell on the topic

Ireland

1. Did Ireland support Britain at war?

2. When did the Independence of Southern Ireland occur?

3. What was the reason of the beginning of The Civil War in 1921?

Disappointment and depression

1. What was the position of workers during the post-war period?

2. Why did the general strike end so quickly?

3. What were the dates of economic depression?

4. What was the result of the economic recovery?

The Second World War

1. What were the prerequisites of the WW II?

2. When did Britain start the War?

3. Did Germany invade Britain? Why?

4. What was the real reason of starting the worldwide war?

5. What were the mistakes of Germany and Japan?

6. Who helped Britain in the War?

7. What was the end of the WW II for Britain?

CHAPTER 23 THE AGE OF UNCERTAINTY