- •Lesson one Text: Metals
- •Translate international words:
- •Read and translate the text:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Finish sentences using the variants:
- •Study noun-building suffixes:
- •Lesson two Text: Ferrous metals and steels
- •I. Find equivalents:
- •II. Translate international words:
- •III. Read and translate the text:
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •Study noun-building suffixes( abstract terms, processes, actions):
- •Lesson three Text: Metals and nonmetals
- •Find equivalents:
- •Translate international words:
- •Read and translate the text:
- •Answer the questions:
- •Read and retell: Greeks and Romans
- •Lesson four Text: Welding
- •I. Find equivalents:
- •II. Translate the international words:
- •III. Read and translate the text:
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •VI. Read the text and write a few questions about it to ask your group-mates:
- •Lesson five Text: Arc welding
- •Find equivalents:
- •Read and translate the text:
- •Answer the questions:
- •V. Study adjective-building suffixes:
- •Lesson six Text: Laser and plasma welding
- •Find equivalents:
- •Read and translate the text:
- •Answer the questions:
- •Read and retell the humorous story: The absent-minded scientist – Рассеянный учёный.
- •Lesson seven Text 1: If there were no electricity
- •I. Translate this text without using a dictionary:
- •III. Is electricity really necessary in our life? Why? Give its advantages and disadvantages.
- •IV. Study adverb-building suffixes:
- •Text 2: Energy
- •V. Read and translate:
- •Lesson eight Text: Air-conditioning
- •Lesson nine Text: What is heat?
- •Heat and cold
- •Lesson ten Text: Heat transfer
- •II. Find English equivalents in the text:
- •III. Form antonyms with the help of the negative prefix and translate them:
- •Lesson eleven Text: The history of steam generators
- •I. Read and translate:
- •Lesson twelve Text: Boilers
- •History of science and invention
- •Lesson thirteen Text: Steam boilers
- •I. Read and translate:
- •II. Find equivalents in the text:
- •III. Find the odd word in each line and explain why:
- •IV. Read and retell the story:
- •Lesson fourteen Text: Steam power
- •II. Read and translate:
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Find equivalents in the text:
- •V. Define what parts of speech are these words and translate them:
Lesson two Text: Ferrous metals and steels
I. Find equivalents:
-
ferrous metals
cast iron
carbon content
alloy steel
carbon steel
strength
hardness
ductility
machinability
resistance to wear
conductivity
iron
silicon
alloy
rust-resistance
a. проводимость
b. углеродистая сталь
c. износостойкость
d. прочность
e. обрабатываемость(на станке)
f. жёсткость
g. железо
h. сплав
i. чёрные металлы
j. чугун
k. содержание углерода
l. ковкость
m. легированная сталь
n. кремний
n. нержавеющий
II. Translate international words:
Magnetic, type, element, steel, material, electronic, chemical, rocket, automobile, client, culture, technology, exterior, sphere, combination, social, coordinate, complex.
III. Read and translate the text:
Ferrous metals consist of iron combined with carbon, silicon and other elements. But carbon is the most important element in ferrous alloys.
Ferrous metals are used in industry in two forms: steel and cast iron, which differ in the quantity of carbon content.
Alloys consist of a simple metal combined with some other element.
Steel is a ferrous material having some carbon content. There are two kinds of steel: carbon steel and alloy steels.
Carbon steel should contain only iron and carbon without any other alloying element.
Alloy steels are those in which in addition to carbon and alloying element is present. These alloying elements have an effect on the properties of steel. They increase its strength and hardness, for example, high percentage of chromium makes steel rust-resistant, and we call it “stainless steel”.
Strength, ductility and machinability are the most important industrial and commercial properties of steel. Such properties as resistance to wear, electrical conductivity, and magnetic properties are important in special uses of metals.
According to their chemical and mechanical properties steels may be used in different branches of industry, for example, in machine building, rocket engineering, automobile industry, etc.
IV. Answer the questions:
What elements do ferrous metals consist of?
What is carbon steel?
What are alloy steels?
What are the most important properties of steel?
In what branches of industry are steels used?
V. Finish the sentences:
-
1. Alloys consist of …
a) steel and cast iron
b) iron and stainless steel
c) simple metal and some other element
2. Carbon steel contains …
3. Alloy steels include …
a) steel and cast iron
b) iron, carbon, an alloying element
c) only iron and carbon.
4. The most important properties of steel are …
a) electrical conductivity, resistance to wear, magnetic properties
b) strength, ductility, machinability.