- •Lesson one Text: Metals
- •Translate international words:
- •Read and translate the text:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Finish sentences using the variants:
- •Study noun-building suffixes:
- •Lesson two Text: Ferrous metals and steels
- •I. Find equivalents:
- •II. Translate international words:
- •III. Read and translate the text:
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •Study noun-building suffixes( abstract terms, processes, actions):
- •Lesson three Text: Metals and nonmetals
- •Find equivalents:
- •Translate international words:
- •Read and translate the text:
- •Answer the questions:
- •Read and retell: Greeks and Romans
- •Lesson four Text: Welding
- •I. Find equivalents:
- •II. Translate the international words:
- •III. Read and translate the text:
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •VI. Read the text and write a few questions about it to ask your group-mates:
- •Lesson five Text: Arc welding
- •Find equivalents:
- •Read and translate the text:
- •Answer the questions:
- •V. Study adjective-building suffixes:
- •Lesson six Text: Laser and plasma welding
- •Find equivalents:
- •Read and translate the text:
- •Answer the questions:
- •Read and retell the humorous story: The absent-minded scientist – Рассеянный учёный.
- •Lesson seven Text 1: If there were no electricity
- •I. Translate this text without using a dictionary:
- •III. Is electricity really necessary in our life? Why? Give its advantages and disadvantages.
- •IV. Study adverb-building suffixes:
- •Text 2: Energy
- •V. Read and translate:
- •Lesson eight Text: Air-conditioning
- •Lesson nine Text: What is heat?
- •Heat and cold
- •Lesson ten Text: Heat transfer
- •II. Find English equivalents in the text:
- •III. Form antonyms with the help of the negative prefix and translate them:
- •Lesson eleven Text: The history of steam generators
- •I. Read and translate:
- •Lesson twelve Text: Boilers
- •History of science and invention
- •Lesson thirteen Text: Steam boilers
- •I. Read and translate:
- •II. Find equivalents in the text:
- •III. Find the odd word in each line and explain why:
- •IV. Read and retell the story:
- •Lesson fourteen Text: Steam power
- •II. Read and translate:
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Find equivalents in the text:
- •V. Define what parts of speech are these words and translate them:
II. Find English equivalents in the text:
Когда два тела соединяются; высокий уровень; энергия передаётся через; через пространство посредством излучения; тело, подверженное воздействию солнечного излучения; длина волны; излучать волны; скорость света; тепло может также передаваться; передаваемая энергия называется теплом; холодное тело нагревается; энергия, полученная холодным телом; энергия может поглощаться и отражаться; хранится как молекулярная энергия; в этом случае; происходит увеличение температуры; нагретый воздух; поток воздуха; предметы в комнате; например; поверхность плиты.
III. Form antonyms with the help of the negative prefix and translate them:
-in: convenient, stability, experienced, elastic,
-im: practical, possible, perfect, mobile, material
-ir: regular, rational
-il: logical, legal
-un: usual, comfortable, planned
-dis: order, to agree, to cover, to appear, comfort
Lesson eleven Text: The history of steam generators
I. Read and translate:
Boiler, also called steam generator, apparatus designed to convert a liquid to vapour. In a conventional steam power plant, a boiler consist of a furnace in which fuel is burned, surfaces to transmit heat from the combustion products to the water, and a space where steam can form and collect. A conventional boiler has a furnace that burns a fossil fuel or, in some installations, waste fuel. A nuclear reactor can also serve as a source of heat for generating steam under pressure.
Boilers were built as early as the first century AD by Hero of Alexandria but were used only as toys. Not until the 17th century was serious consideration given to the potential of steam power for practical work. The first boiler with a safety valve was designed by Denis Papin of France in 1679; boilers were made and used in England by the turn of the 18th century. Early boilers were made of wrought iron; as the advantages of high pressure and temperature realized, manufacturers turned to steel. Modern boilers are made of alloy steel to withstand high pressures and extremely high temperatures.
conventional furnace fuel surface combustion products fossil fuel waste fuel to give consideration
alloy steel |
обычный, простой печь; топка топливо, горючее поверхность продукты сгорания ископаемое топливо отработанное топливо уделять внимание, рассматривать легированная сталь |
safety valve
wrought iron
to turn to
to withstand plant |
предохранительный клапан сварочная сталь, ковкая мягкая сталь поворачиваться к; переключаться на выдерживать оборудование, установка, агрегат
|
Answer the questions:
1. When were boilers invented? 2. What is a boiler? 3. Where was the boiler first used? 4. What kinds of boilers do you know? 5. What does a boiler consist of? 6. What material is used in making boilers? 7. Where are they used? 8. Why do people need these installations? 9. Why are modern steam generators made of alloy steel?
Find synonyms:
producer, equipment, potential, modern, to understand, steam generator, to give consideration, to withstand, to give
to realize, boiler, to consider, to stand, to transmit, apparatus, manufacturer, contemporary, plant, resources
Translate word combinations from the text:
Служить источником тепла, высокое давление, устройство предназначенное для, печь в которой сжигают топливо, преимущества высокого давления, современные котлы, котёл состоит из, предохранительный клапан был спроектирован, когда, сила пара, некоторые установки, ядерный реактор, называть.