- •Lesson one Text: Metals
- •Translate international words:
- •Read and translate the text:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Finish sentences using the variants:
- •Study noun-building suffixes:
- •Lesson two Text: Ferrous metals and steels
- •I. Find equivalents:
- •II. Translate international words:
- •III. Read and translate the text:
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •Study noun-building suffixes( abstract terms, processes, actions):
- •Lesson three Text: Metals and nonmetals
- •Find equivalents:
- •Translate international words:
- •Read and translate the text:
- •Answer the questions:
- •Read and retell: Greeks and Romans
- •Lesson four Text: Welding
- •I. Find equivalents:
- •II. Translate the international words:
- •III. Read and translate the text:
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •VI. Read the text and write a few questions about it to ask your group-mates:
- •Lesson five Text: Arc welding
- •Find equivalents:
- •Read and translate the text:
- •Answer the questions:
- •V. Study adjective-building suffixes:
- •Lesson six Text: Laser and plasma welding
- •Find equivalents:
- •Read and translate the text:
- •Answer the questions:
- •Read and retell the humorous story: The absent-minded scientist – Рассеянный учёный.
- •Lesson seven Text 1: If there were no electricity
- •I. Translate this text without using a dictionary:
- •III. Is electricity really necessary in our life? Why? Give its advantages and disadvantages.
- •IV. Study adverb-building suffixes:
- •Text 2: Energy
- •V. Read and translate:
- •Lesson eight Text: Air-conditioning
- •Lesson nine Text: What is heat?
- •Heat and cold
- •Lesson ten Text: Heat transfer
- •II. Find English equivalents in the text:
- •III. Form antonyms with the help of the negative prefix and translate them:
- •Lesson eleven Text: The history of steam generators
- •I. Read and translate:
- •Lesson twelve Text: Boilers
- •History of science and invention
- •Lesson thirteen Text: Steam boilers
- •I. Read and translate:
- •II. Find equivalents in the text:
- •III. Find the odd word in each line and explain why:
- •IV. Read and retell the story:
- •Lesson fourteen Text: Steam power
- •II. Read and translate:
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Find equivalents in the text:
- •V. Define what parts of speech are these words and translate them:
NAME GROUP
Lesson one Text: Metals
Find equivalents:
-
quantity
alloy
carbon
substance
tough(ness)
hard(ness)
ductility
malleability
tension
compression
rupture
strength
braking
a. жёсткий (жёсткость)
b. углерод
c. растяжение
d. поломка
e. количество
f. ковкость
g. разрыв
h. прочность
i. вязкость
j. сплав
k. твёрдый (твёрдость)
l. сжатие
m. вещество
Translate international words:
Metal, industry, industrial, absolutely, laboratory, steel, resource, elastic, aspect, mechanical, result, atom, atomic, structure, special, temperature, element, collect, barrier, block, atom, regular, rotation.
Read and translate the text:
Mankind has used metals for centuries in gradually increasing quantities but only now they are employed in really great quantities.
Today we know more than seventy metals, the majority of which are used in industry.
Of all the metals iron is the most important one. Absolutely pure iron is never prepared except for laboratory purposes. The irons and steels in use today are really alloys of iron, carbon and other substances. They can be made elastic, tough, hard, or comparatively soft.
Mechanical properties of metals are the result of their atomic structure. They include hardness, ductility and malleability which are of special importance in engineering.
Ductility is the capacity of a metal to be permanently deformed in tension without breaking.
Malleability is the capacity of a metal to be permanently deformed by compression without rupture.
These properties are similar to each other but not the same. Most metals increase these properties at higher temperatures.
The strength of a metal is the property of resistance to external loads and stresses.
These mechanical properties are of great importance in industrial purposes because all parts and units made of iron and steel must meet up-to-date demands.
Answer the following questions:
What is the most important metal?
What mechanical properties of metals do you know?
What is strength?
What is ductility?
What is malleability?
Finish sentences using the variants:
-
1. The most important metal in use today is …
a) carbon
b) iron
c) some other metal
2. Ductility is the capacity of a metal …
3. Malleability is the capacity of a metal …
4. The strength of a metal is the property …
a) to be permanently deformed in tension without breaking
b) to be permanently deformed by compression without rupture
c) to resist to external loads and stresses.
Study noun-building suffixes:
-ian: Ukrainian, historian,
-ent, -ant: student, assistant
-ist: specialist, physicist
-or, -er: writer, engineer, driver
-ess: actress
Form nouns from the words given below:
Construct, produce, build, Russia, extreme, steward, mathematics, operate, foreign, Egypt, economy, art, create, invent, direct, report, electrical.