Immediate products of pyruvate metabolism (using one reaction only) are all except:

A. Alanine

B. Lactate

C. Oxaloacetate

D. Acetyl-CoA

*E. 2-Phosphoglycerate

Point out the liver enzyme catalyzing the reversible oxidative deamination:

*A. Glutamate dehydrogenase

B. Alanine transaminase

C. Monoamino oxidase

D. Aspartate transaminase

E. Arginase

Point out the enzyme, whose activity is determined in the blood plasma during the unicteric period of viral hepatitis:

*A. Alanine transaminase

B. Creatine phosphokinase

C. Glutamate dehydrogenase

D. Ornithine carbomoylphoshate transferase

E. Phenylalanine hydroxylase

Point out the glucogenic amino acids:

A. Serine

B. Aspartate

C. Alanine

D. Glutamate

*E. All the positions are right

A patient diagnosed with carcinoma of bowels was admitted to the hospital. Analysis revealed high production of serotonin. It is known that this substance is formed of tryptophan amino acid. What biochemical mechanism underlies this process?

A. Desamination

*B. Decarboxylation

C. Microsomal oxidation

D. Transamination

E. Formation of paired compounds

According to clinical indications a patient was administered pyridoxal phosphate. What process is this medication intended to correct?

A. Synthesis of purine and pyrimidine bases.

B. Protein synthesis

C. Oxidative decarboxylation of ketoacids

D. Deamination of purine nucleotide

*E. Transamination and decarboxylation of amino acids

Name the ketogenic amino acids:

A. Alanine, arginine

B. Cysteine, glycine

*C. Leucine, lysine

D. Arginine, asparagine

E. Glutamate, aspartate

Most amino acids undergo transamination to concentrate finally nitrogen in two amino acids, only, for subsequent urea formation. Choose these amino acids:

A. Lysine, proline

*B. Glutamate, aspartate

C. Arginine, histidine

D. Alanine, phenylalanine

E. Serine, tyrosine

Choose the enzyme, whose genetic defect results in the GABA (Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid) levels decrease in the brain:

*A. Glutamate decarboxylase

B. Phenylalanine hydroxylase

C. Tryptophan decarboxylase

D. Histidine decarboxylase

E. Alanine hydroxylase

Human Glutamate dehydrogenase is predominantly located in the:

A. Outer mitochondrial membrane

B. Cytosol

*C. Mitochondrial matrix

D. Inner mitochondrial membrane

E. Endoplasmic reticulum

Glutamate dehydrogenase is controlled by allosteric regulation. Point out the inhibitors of this enzyme:

A. NADH, NADPH

B. NAD⁺, NADP⁺

*C. ATP, GTP

D. AMP, ADP

E. ADP, GDP

In course of histidine catabolism a biogenic amine is formed that has powerful vasodilatation effect. Name it:

A. Serotonin

B. Dopamine

*C. Histamine

D. Dioxyphenylalanine

E. Noradrenalin

It is known that the monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzyme plays an important part in the metabolism of catecholamine neurotransmitters. In what way this enzyme inactivates these neurotransmitters (norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine)?

A. Carboxylation

B. Addition of an amino group

*C. Oxidative deamination

D. Hydrolysis

E. Removal of a methyl group

Nor-epinephrine is produced (in mammals) from:

A. Pyruvate

B. Tryptamine

*C. Tyrosine

D. Arginine

E. Tryptophan

A newborn child was found to have reduced intensity of sucking, frequent vomiting, hypotonia. Urine and blood exhibit increased concentration of citrulline. What metabolic process is disturbed?

A. Glyconeogenesis

B. Cori cycle

C. Glycolysis

D. Tricarboxylic acid cycle

*E. Ornithinic (Urea) cycle

The child has the genetic defect of one enzyme. It was proved by the appearance of phenylpyruvate in the urine. Point out this enzyme:

A. Glycine amidase

B. 5-tryptophan hydroxylase

C. Tyrosine hydroxylase

D. Proline hydroxylase

*E. Phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase