1. What is a functional style? The belles-lettres Style. Sub styles, functions and features.

Functional styles is a part of linguistics which studies functional styles, i.e. systems of means of expression depending on different spheres and situations of communication.

The belles- letters style is a generic tern for three substyles in which the main principles and the most general properties of the style are materialized. These three substyles are:

The language of poetry, or simple verse.

Emotive prose or the language of fiction.

The language of drama.

Each of these substyles has certain common features. Each of them also enjoys some individuality. This is revealed in definite futures typical only of one or another substyle. The common features of the subsyles may be summed up as follows.

First of all comes the common function, which may broadly be called “aesthetico-cognitive”. This is a double function, which aims at the cognitive process, which secures the gradual unfolding of the idea to the reader and at the same time calls forth a feeling of pleasure, a pleasure, which is derived from the form in which the content is wrought.

Features of Functional Styles. Belles-letter style:

• Use of words on contextual and very often in more than one dictionary meaning

• A peculiar individual selection of vocabulary and syntax a kind of lexical and syntactical idiosyncrasy

• Individual, distinctive properties, aesthetic, cognitive effects.

• The introduction of the typical features of colloquial language.

2. What is a functional style? Publicists Style. Sub styles, functions and features.

Functional Style is a system of interrelated language means serving a definite aim in communication. It is the coordination of the language means and stylistic devices which shapes the distinctive features of each style and not the language means or stylistic devices themselves.

They are:

• 1) Official(documents and papers);

• 2) Scientific (brochures, articles, other scientific publications);

• 3) Publicistic (essay, public speech);

• 4) Newspaper style(mass media);

• 5) Belles-lettres style(genre of creative writing);

Publicist style is famous for its explicit pragmatic function of persuasion directed at influencing the reader in accordance with the argumentation of the author. Classification: the lang of oratory/ essay/ articles

Function: Publicist style – social influence and public opinion manipulation.

Features of Publicist features:

• Interchange of standard and expressiveness, affective, impressive character.

• Combination of logical argumentation and emotive appeal

• Use of words with emotive meaning

• Brevity of expression.

3. What is a functional style? Newspaper Style.Sub styles, functions and features.

Functional Style is a system of interrelated language means serving a definite aim in communication. It is the coordination of the language means and stylistic devices which shapes the distinctive features of each style and not the language means or stylistic devices themselves.

They are:

• 1) Official(documents and papers);

• 2) Scientific (brochures, articles, other scientific publications);

• 3) Publicistic (essay, public speech);

• 4) Newspaper style(mass media);

• 5) Belles-lettres style(genre of creative writing);

Newspaper style – special graphical means are used to attract the reader’s attention.

Classification: Brief news items

Headlines

Advertisements and announcements

The editorial

Function: Newspaper – influence public opinion on political and often matters.

Features:

• Priority of neutral and bookish vocabulary, abundance of statistics proper names, facts, date

• Newspaper cliché, abbreviation, neologisms.

• Specific words

• Headlines are the most concise.

• Complex sentences with a developed system of clauses.