II. Переведите предложения на русский язык, укажите функцию инфинитива в предложении.

1. I don’t know him well enough to ask him for help. 2. To study at the Institute is a pleasure. 3. To meet the demand for these goods, a great number of specialized shops have been opened in their town. 4. We have discussed the terms to be included in the letter of credit. 5. Our task is the whole shipment to be weighed. 6. I was told to come in time. 7. It may drizzle tonight. 8. He brought me a book to read. 9. It is very important to continue our investigation. 10. To tell the truth, a resolution will be presented at the conference.

III. Раскройте скобки, употребляя нужную форму инфинитива. Запишите полученные предложения.

1. I hope (to see) you soon. 2. He expected (to help) by the teacher. 3. We expect (to be) back in two days. 4. The students seem (to work) since morning. 5. I am sorry (to break) your plans. 6. She is sure (to translate) an article now.

IV. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните «объектный инфинитивный оборот» и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Tell me what you would like me to do. 2. We expected the steamer to arrive at Batumi yesterday. 3. The buyers wished the goods to be discharged immediately. 4. They knew him to be very brave.

V. Переведите предложения, обращая особое внимание на «субъектный инфинитивный оборот».

1. My work is considered to be finished in some hours. 2. These plants are known to grow in subtropics. 3. The documents are reported to have been received already. 4. Jane is not sure to obtain information from the article. 5. We were likely to finish our research before the end of the month. 6. These reforms are thought to be difficult to carry out. 7. He seems to know everything on this subject. 8. They didn’t appear to be surprised at this news.

VI. Прочитайте и устно переведите текст “Inflation”. Письменно переведите первый и второй абзацы. Выполните упражнения после текста

INFLATION

6. In economics, inflation is a rise in the general level of prices of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. When the general price level rises, each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services. Consequently, inflation also reflects an erosion in the purchasing power of money – a loss of real value in the internal medium of exchange and unit of account in the economy. A chief measure of price inflation is the inflation rate, the annualized percentage change in a general price index (normally the Consumer Price Index) over time.

7. Inflation's effects on an economy are various and can be simultaneously positive and negative. Negative effects of inflation include a decrease in the real value of money and other monetary items over time, uncertainty over future inflation may discourage investment and savings, and high inflation may lead to shortages of goods if consumers begin hoarding out of concern that prices will increase in the future. Positive effects include ensuring central banks can adjust nominal interest rates (intended to mitigate recessions), and encouraging investment in non-monetary capital projects.

8. Economists generally agree that high rates of inflation and hyperinflation are caused by an excessive growth of the money supply. Views on which factors determine low to moderate rates of inflation are more varied. Low or moderate inflation may be attributed to fluctuations in real demand for goods and services, or changes in available supplies such as during scarcities, as well as to growth in the money supply. However, the consensus view is that a long sustained period of inflation is caused by money supply growing faster than the rate of economic growth.

9. Today, most mainstream economists favor a low steady rate of inflation. Low (as opposed to zero or negative) inflation may reduce the severity of economic recessions by enabling the labor market to adjust more quickly in a downturn, and reduce the risk that a liquidity trap prevents monetary policy from stabilizing the economy. The task of keeping the rate of inflation low and stable is usually given to monetary authorities. Generally, these monetary authorities are the central banks that control the size of the money supply through the setting of interest rates, through open market operations, and through the setting of banking reserve requirements.

10. A connection between inflation and unemployment has been drawn since the emergence of large scale unemployment in the 19th century, and connections continue to be drawn today. In Marxian economics, the unemployed serve as a reserve army of labour, which restrain wage inflation.

1. Соотнесите слова и их определения.

1. demand	a. a period or process in which business activity is reduced and conditions become worse
2. downturn	b. the people looking for work and the jobs that are available at that time
3. labour market	c. the need or desire that people have for particular goods and services
4. consensus	d. the amount of money you have to pay for something
5. price	e. an opinion that everyone in a group agrees with or accepts