8. Retell the text using the following plan:

1. Establishing the new faculty at the MSTU.

2. Geology and geologists.

3. The Kola Peninsula, the treasury of minerals.

4. Department of Geology and Minerals.

5. Objects of the professional activities of geologists.

9. Read the dialogue:

- Hello, Alex! How are you?

- Hello, Nick! I'm fine. And what are you doing now?

- I'm studying in the new geology department at the MSTU.

- Geology is about the study of rocks, isn't it?

- Well, yes, in a way, rocks and rock formations, the type of stone the rocks are made of and other samples of the ground may give us a good indication of what we might find below ground.

- And what are you really looking for below ground?

- Russia is extremely rich in mineral resources: iron ore, coai, oil, gold, platinum, copper, zinc, lead, tin, nickel and diamonds, not to mention apatite, found on the Kola Peninsula and natural gas.

- Surely not all these are to be found in our region?

- Not ail, but we have good reasons to suppose that there is iron ore, copper, tin and nickel as well as apatite under the Kola Peninsula and we know that there is petrol off our coasts.

- When you say that Russia is extremely rich in these resources what do you really mean?

- Well, for example, we estimate that Russia has more than half the world reserves of petrol and oil and half the world reserves of iron ore, 80% of those of manganese and it is one of the world's leading producers of copper, nickel, gold and diamonds.

- So, how do we find them?

- As I said, the geologists' first job is to analyze samples of rock and soil. The presence of certain types of rock and minerals will give us a good indication of what can be found.

- And then what?

- We will make a sampling bore; that is to say we will drill many small holes quite deep into the ground and take out rock and soil at depth.

- And there you will hope to find the minerals you are looking for?

- Yes, there we would be looking to find examples of minerals or, in the case of iron ore, rocks bearing iron.

- And if you do?

- Then we have to do some bulk sampling.

- What is the difference?

- Bulk sampling is much bigger. Sampling bores are small and only tell us the minerals are there. By the way a sample is usually called core. It's a sample of rock or ground. With bulk sampling we determine if the minerals are there in a large enough quantity to make mining profitable and if so where to be situated the mine shafts.

- So, a geologist has a very important job?

- Yes, an important part of the future of Russian economy and more particularly the economy of the Kola Peninsula depends on them.

- Is it hard work?

- Well, first there is a lot to learn and then the work itself is hard; many of Russia's mineral and ore reserves are in the Arctic regions, in places where it is hard to work.

- And why must you learn English for this profession?

- Well, you see, it is one thing to find the minerals but it is quite another to exploit them. Many of the world specialists are English speaking people and English is international commercial language, too.

- Well, thank you, Alex, for explaining it to me. Look at the time, I must run, see you soon.

- Good-bye then, Nick. See you.