8. The noun. The category of case.

I)Sem cr-substance & things, human beings, animals

II)Morph:a)form-building(the cat of number, case, gender, article determination) b)derivational (suffixation, compounding, conversion)

III)Func: a) left-hand prep combinability with N, adj, v, adv, casal comb( N’s +N), contact comb(N+N)-stone wall constr(speech sound), comb with articles & other determiners b)syntactic: subj, obj, other funct less typical.

The N. as a lexico-gr. Field structure: *nucleus & periphery are distinguished on the basis of lex-semantic properties and morph. subclass;* the nucleus – common-concrete-count-animate; *the periphery – abstract-material-uncount.

The category of case.Case is a gr category which shows rel of nouns towards other words in a sentence.Ex: boy ( no visible mark) vs boy’s ( reflects the syntactic function) Not every noun changes according to the case. Gen. case in En can denote the following semantic relation: -possession (general): student’s book --subjective genitive: the student’s answer -objective genetive: Napoleon’s defeatness -genitive of origin: sh’s plays --descriptive genetive: a girl’s school –genetive of measure(ten day’s journey)--social relation: Jack’s wife --part of a whole: dog’s tail

Sometimes a noun in genitive case can be used independently.it has a locative meaning. It is the case of lexicalization.: I’m going to the bacher’s( a shop).

theory of positional cases(nesfield) of the functional positions occupied by the N in the

sentence. besides the inflexional genitive case, purely positional cases: nominative, vocative, dative, and accusative(the cat caught a rat).

theory of prepositional cases (curm)combinations of N with prep in certain object and attributive collocations should be understood as morphological case forms: "dative" case (to+Noun, for+Noun) and the "genitive" case (of+Noun).

limited case theory (Sweet, O. Jespersen) : the possessive or genitive form as the strong member of the categorial opposition and the common, or "non-genitive

Post-positional case theory(Воронцова)s’-special type of postposition

9. The noun. The category of article determination.

I)Sem cr-substance & thinghs, human beings, animals

II)Morph:a)inflectional(the cat of number, case, gender, article determination) b)derivational (suffixation, compounding, conversion)

III)Func: a) left-hand prep combinability with N, adj, v, adv, casal comb( N’s +N), contact comb(N+N)-stone wall constr(speech sound), comb with art & other determiners b)syntactic: subj, obj, other funct less typical.

Ns denoting things- nucleus of the fild, marginal-process, quality, abstract notions.

Classification : common/ proper; in/animate, un/countable, concrete/abstract

The category of article determination Art determination- binary opposition which contrasts the N with the def art against the N with ind/zero art. Zero article- meaningful absence of the article ( is equivalent for indef. Article for uncount nouns).

Peculiarities: 1)spelt separately, 2)can be separated from N by other ws, 3)its position can be occupied by demonstr/ possessive pronoun 4)does not change grammatically as I French 5)Art has its own meaning. Ind art – oneness, classification. Def art- definiteness, specification.

Art help to structure inf(theme-def art rheme-ind art)