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  1. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по тексту:

    1. What is a property?

    2. How can the mineral identification be accomplished?

    3. What are the most important physical properties of a mineral?

    4. What is all matter made up of?

    5. What relationships do planes or faces have?

    6. What do these relationships result in?

    7. What is the classification of crystals based on?

    8. What symmetrical groups can you name? Give definition to each group.

    9. What geometric symmetry do crystals show?

    10. What forms of the crystal system develop?

    11. What is twinning?

  1. Найдите в тексте предложения, содержащие словосочетания из комментариев и переведите их письменно. Составьте свои предложения с этими словосочетаниями.

  1. Совместите определения, приведенные в таблице справа, с физическими свойствами минералов:

  1. electrical properties

      1. a symmetrical set of planes in space, associated with a crystal, having the same symmetry as the crystal class

  1. magnetic properties

      1. the act of splitting or the tendency to split along definite planes so as to yield smooth surfaces

  1. crystal form

      1. the energy of the exterior face of an object

  1. fracture

      1. anything detected by the sense of smell, odour

  1. state of aggregation

      1. the change in direction of a propagating wave, such as light or sound, in passing from one medium to another in which it has a different velocity

  1. cleavage

      1. the quality or condition of being hard

  1. hardness

      1. a quality, attribute, or distinctive feature concerned with a magnet

  1. specific gravity

      1. the splitting of a ray of unpolarized light into two unequally refracted rays polarized in mutually perpendicular planes

  1. surface energy

      1. a property of certain crystals of absorbing light to an extent that depends on the orientation of the electric vector of the light with respect to the optic axes of the crystal

  1. taste

      1. reduction of the intensity of radiation as a result of absorption or scattering by matter

  1. smell

      1. an attribute of things that results from the light they reflect, transmit, or emit in so far as this light causes a visual sensation that depends on its wavelengths

  1. lustre

      1. a quality, attribute or distinctive feature concerned with electricity

  1. colour

      1. the way in which a mineral or rock naturally breaks

  1. refraction

      1. the sensation experienced by means of the taste buds

  1. double refraction

      1. formed of separate units collected into a whole

  1. extinction

      1. the ratio of the density of a substance to that of water

  1. pleochroism

      1. the way in which light is reflected from the surface of a mineral

  1. Запомните следующие слова, имеющие смысл ‘означать’. Составьте примеры с этими словами:

mean

to intend to convey or express

stand for

to represent or mean

signify

to indicate, show, or suggest

denote

to be a sign, symbol, or symptom of; indicate or designate

indicate

to be or give a sign or symptom of; imply

suggest

to evoke (a person, thing, etc.) in the mind of someone by the association of ideas