- •Е.С. Глухова, и.П. Петрова, н.Г. Хилалова english for everyone
- •Визитная карточка студента
- •Содержание
- •Предисловие
- •Учебная карта дисциплины (unit 1)
- •Учебная карта дисциплины (unit 2)
- •Учебная карта дисциплины (unit 3)
- •Учебная карта дисциплины (unit 4)
- •Учебная карта дисциплины (unit 5)
- •Вводно-фонетический курс
- •Алфавит
- •II. Звуки английского языка
- •Чтение некоторых букв и буквосочетаний
- •IV. Чтение гласных в ударных слогах. Типы слогов
- •1. Read the sentences paying attention to the pronunciation of vowels in different types of syllables.
- •2. Read the tongue twisters.
- •Unit 1. *** around the world ***
- •1. Vocabulary
- •2. Do the quiz below. Do not look at a map!
- •3. What do you know about the usa? Do the quiz individually.
- •4. Match the countries to their capitals.
- •5. Read the text and match the countries to the texts. Find the names of the cities in the texts a-d.
- •7. Fill in the correct words from the list.
- •8. What cities does this information match?
- •9. Work in pairs. Find these pieces of information as quickly as you can.
- •10. Read the approximate annotation to the text and mind its structure.
- •11. A) What are the first three things which come into your mind when you hear the words 'England' or 'the English?
- •12. Guess who these famous people are?
- •13. Make up your own quiz about any famous person. Your group mates have to guess who it is.
- •16. Read the dialogue and act it out with your partner.
- •18. Match the phrases from two columns and act them out in pairs. Use your own ideas for replies.
- •19. Fill in a job application form. Exchange your forms with classmates. Then make a short story about your classmates based on the given information.
- •20. Read the following questionnaire written by Mike to his pen friend Sandra. Write a letter about yourself to your pen friend.
- •The American flag
- •Union Jack’ or Union Flag
- •23. The United Kingdom
- •24. A) Read the text and answer the questions, then explain the words in bold.
- •The United States of America
- •25. A) Look at the table and answer the following questions.
- •26. Fill in the verb to be into the correct form of the present simple.
- •27. Translate into English.
- •To have (got)
- •28. Use the correct form of have.
- •29. Study the sentences below and say whether the ‘s is is or has as in the example.
- •There is / There are
- •31. Put the correct form of the verb to be.
- •32. Translate into English.
- •Present / Past Simple
- •33. Write the third person singular of the given verbs into the correct box.
- •34. Use the prompts to make sentences, as in the example.
- •35. Make sentences negative as in the example.
- •37. Make questions.
- •38. Complete the extracts with the Present simple form of the verbs. Which is from…
- •39. Translate into English.
- •40. Read the following sentences and correct them. Write two true sentences as in the example.
- •41. Write the past simple forms of the verbs into the correct box.
- •42. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of past simple. Use the list of irregular verbs.
- •43. Make sentences negative.
- •44. Answer the following questions.
- •45. Write different questions to the following sentences.
- •46. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of past simple.
- •47. Open the brackets, use the Present Simple or Past Simple.
- •48. Stefano is asking his friend Pietro about his new girlfriend. Complete his questions with the correct form of be, have and do.
- •Degrees of comparison
- •50. Write degrees of comparison as in the example.
- •51. Choose the correct form.
- •52. Put the adjectives in brackets into the correct form.
- •54. Use the correct form of adjectives in brackets.
- •55. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the adjectives in brackets, as in the example.
- •56. Complete the following sentences using opposite adjectives in comparative or superlative forms, as in the example.
- •57. Make comparisons using as…as or not as… as, as in the example.
- •58. Complete the puzzle with the countries.
- •60. Self-assessment test
- •2. Open the brackets.
- •Unit 2. *** holidays ***
- •1. Vocabulary
- •2. Try to guess how Christmas is celebrated in different countries.
- •3. Read the text and do the tasks following below. Thanksgiving Day
- •4. Circle the right answer in every sentence without looking into the text.
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •7. Look at the headings below and match the words/phrases in the list to the appropriate heading. Then, talk about Thanksgiving Day.
- •8. Write an annotation to text 3 using the prompts below.
- •9. Do you believe in good luck or bad luck? Most people in the world have some superstitions. Do you have any?
- •10. Alison made a calendar of important days. She put it on her bedroom wall. Please, read it and speak about Alison’s celebrations:
- •11. Match the holidays to the key words without looking at the calendar. In what months do American people celebrate them?
- •12. Discuss the following questions in the group.
- •14. Read the dialogue and act it out with your partner.
- •15. Make your own dialogue with your partner and act it out in the group. Phrases
- •16. Match the phrases from two columns and act them out in pairs.
- •18. Imagine you are on holidays. Write a letter to your friend using the given words:
- •19. A) Read the text and answer the questions, then explain the words in bold.
- •Public Holidays in the United Kingdom
- •20. Royal traditions
- •21. Traditions in the uk
- •Present Continuous vs Present Simple
- •23. Fill in the gaps with verbs in present continuous.
- •24. Put the verbs below into the correct present continuous form as in the example.
- •25. Fill in the correct present simple form of the verbs in brackets.
- •26. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the present simple or present continuous.
- •27. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of present simple or present continuous.
- •28. Correct the mistakes.
- •Past Continuous vs Past Simple
- •30. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the past continuous.
- •31. Make sentences negative and interrogative.
- •32. Use the list of prompts below to make sentences about what Ann was doing:
- •33. Look at the notes, what Nick did yesterday.
- •35. Put the verbs in brackets into past simple or past continuous. Which action is longer in each sentence?
- •37. Put the verbs in brackets into past simple or past continuous.
- •38. Underline the correct form of the verb.
- •39. Correct the mistakes.
- •40. Put the verbs in brackets into present continuous or past continuous.
- •41. Complete the puzzle.
- •42. Learn the following translations.
- •1. Вставь в предложения подходящие слова. Одно слово является лишним.
- •2. Откройте скобки и запишите глагол в нужной форме.
- •3. Заполните пропуски: many / much / any / some / a little / a few
- •Unit 3. *** night and day ***
- •2. Revise the weekdays in the following funny verse (Past Simple).
- •Have you got what it takes?
- •5. Read the text and do the tasks following below. My working day
- •10. Answer the following questions about the boy and his school holidays.
- •11. Write a report about your last weekend.
- •12. Match the phrases in a to their opposites in b.
- •14. Lets play!
- •Invitation
- •Refusal
- •Agreement
- •15. Match the phrases from two columns and act them out in pairs.
- •16. Read the dialogue (by Andy and Maria) and act it out with your partner (use Present Perfect).
- •21. Learn how to write a Business Letter.
- •22. Write the business letter in the correct order.
- •23. Read the text. Which country (or countries) does each of the statements refer to? Which are true “all over the world”?
- •How we really spend our time
- •24. Sports
- •25. Food and drink in Britain
- •Present Perfect Simple
- •27. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the present perfect.
- •31. First put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect.
- •32. Underline the correct word, as in the example.
- •33. Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect simple or past simple.
- •34. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the present perfect simple.
- •35. Correct the mistakes.
- •Present Perfect Continuous
- •36. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the present perfect continuous.
- •38. Mary is reading some letters. Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect continuous or the present perfect simple.
- •39. In pairs, ask and answer questions using the prompts given, as in the example (since/for).
- •40. Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect simple or present perfect continuous.
- •41. Underline the correct forms of the verbs to complete these sentences.
- •42. Correct the mistakes.
- •Modal verbs (can/could, may, should, must, have to)
- •43. Underline the correct verbs to complete the sentences.
- •44. Read about Sue’s childhood memories and underline the correct words to complete the text.
- •45. Underline the verbs to complete the sentences.
- •46. Translate into Russian (can/could, may, should, must, have to).
- •48. Self-assessment test
- •1.Вставь в предложения подходящие слова. Одно слово является лишним.
- •2. Откройте скобки и запишите глагол в нужной форме.
- •3. Заполните пропуски подходящим модальным глаголом
- •Unit 4. *** education, jobs ***
- •2. Fill in the job from the list.
- •3. Complete the puzzle with professions.
- •4. Guess what jobs the following people have.
- •5. Read the text and put the paragraphs in the correct order. A good teacher
- •6. In your copy book make a list of adjectives from the text describing a personality of a good teacher.
- •7. Let’s divide into teams and choose the characteristics in the text you’d like to report. Make it using the prompts below:
- •8. Think over which characteristics else are important for a good teacher. Which ones do you personally appreciate in a teacher?
- •10. When choosing a future career it is important to take the following things into consideration. Think over what you would enjoy at work. Analyzing all this will help you not to make a wrong choice.
- •11. Write an annotation to the text.
- •12. Getting a job. Look at the words in the box, which are all to do with getting a job. Then decide which best fill the gaps below.
- •13. Fill in the gaps with the positive or negative form of have to. Use the present simple or past simple.
- •14. Read the article and put the verbs in brackets in the present simple or present continuous.
- •15. What does the teacher and his students say at an English lesson? Put the following phrases into the table. You can use them at your English lessons. Will you learn polite structures in English.
- •16. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •17. Revise the tenses. Which ones would you choose?
- •18. Phrases
- •19. Match the phrases from two columns and act them out in pairs. Use your own ideas for replies.
- •20. Read the interview between a restaurant manager and a student. Then complete the Employee Interview Form if you are the interviewer who asks questions.
- •22. Learn the main points of a resume. Speak about the person in the table.
- •23. Read the text and answer the questions.
- •British Educational System
- •25. Education in America
- •26. Fill in the gaps.
- •27. Make a table of American Education like a table in exercise 20.
- •Future Simple – be going to – Present Continuous
- •29. In pairs, ask and answer questions using the prompts below, as in the example.
- •30. Use the words/phrases from the list to complete the sentences, as in the example.
- •32. What are they going to do? Match column a to column b, then make sentences, as in the example.
- •33. Put the verbs in brackets into the future simple or the present continuous.
- •34. Put the verbs in brackets into the future simple, be going to or the present continuous, as in the example.
- •Conditional 1
- •35. Use the prompts to make sentences, as in the example.
- •36. Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or future simple.
- •37. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
- •40. Rewrite the sentences, as in the examples.
- •Future Continuous
- •Future Perfect
- •50. Self-assessment test
- •1. Вставь в предложения буквы подходящих слов. Одно слово является лишним.
- •2. Откройте скобки и запишите глагол в нужной форме: be going to, Future Simple, Future Continuous, Future Perfect, Conditionals
- •Unit 5.1 *** texts*** pedagogy
- •1. Переведите слова к тексту № 2.
- •2. Read the text and explain what problem the text deals with. Most annoying phrases used by children revealed in poll
- •3. Translate the "Top 20 Most Annoying Kids’ Sayings” into Russian.
- •4. Find the equivalents in the text.
- •5. Answer the following questions:
- •6. Answer the following grammar questions.
- •7. Write an annotation to the text.
- •9. Read the text and explain what problem the text deals with. Families spend four days a year arguing
- •16. Read the text and say what problems are discussed in it.
- •Indigo children
- •17. Give the equivalents.
- •18. Answer the questions.
- •19. Answer the following grammar questions.
- •20. Write an annotation to the text.
- •22. Read the text and find the main idea. Children start speaking
- •23. Give the equivalents.
- •24. Give the main ideas of the text using the following titles and prompts.
- •25. Answer the following grammar questions.
- •26. Write an annotation to the text. Economics
- •27. Translate the words to text № 28.
- •28. Read the text and explain what problem the text deals with. Basic Ingredients of the u.S. Economy
- •29. Find the equivalents.
- •30. Match the titles (a-f) to the pieces of the text (1-6). Express the main idea of every piece.
- •31. Answer the questions.
- •32. Answer the following grammar questions.
- •33. Write an annotation to the text.
- •35. Read the text and explain what problem the text deals with. How to Save Money: Tips
- •Biology
- •42. Read the text and try to explain the title. The possibilities are endless...
- •43. Find the equivalents.
- •44. What spheres of research are given in the text? Fill in the table.
- •Cells are the Starting Point
- •One Name, Many Types
- •Geography
- •56. Read the text and give its main idea. Mudslide
- •62. Australia
- •History
- •70. Read the text and express its main idea. How the usa Constitution Began
- •71. Find the equivalents.
- •72. Answer the following questions.
- •From the history of New York
- •78. Find the equivalents.
- •79. Read the following key words. Make sentences with the words given below.
- •80. Answer the following grammar questions.
- •Write an annotation to the text.
- •82. Divide into micro groups. Give information about the history of one
- •Mathematics
- •84. Read the text and explain what problem the text deals with. Maths in our Daily Life
- •98. Read the text and explain what problem the text deals with. English music
- •Unit 5.2. ***business english***
- •2. Put the parts of a business letter into the correct order.
- •3. Put the parts of a business letter into the correct order.
- •4. You can see an envelope. Match the information on the envelope (1-6) to what it means. Начало формы
- •Конец формы
- •5. Match the information on the envelope (1-5) to what it means.
- •6. Fill in the gaps in a memo.
- •7. Match the information on the envelope (1-6) to what it means. Начало формы
- •Конец формы
- •8. Correlate two columns.
- •9. Define the type of a business document.
- •10. Define the type of a business document.
- •12. Define the types of business letters.
- •13. Choose the appropriate reply.
- •14. Telephone Talk. Learn the following verse.
- •15. Read the dialogue and act it out with your partner.
- •Past Perfect
- •17. Put the verbs in brackets into the past perfect.
- •18. Make sentences using conjunctions in brackets.
- •19. Make sentences as in the example using words in the table.
- •20. Put the verbs in brackets into the past perfect or past simple.
- •Passive Voice
- •21. Rewrite sentences using the passive voice.
- •22. Define the tense of the sentence. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the passive voice.
- •23. Julia is getting prepared for the wedding. Rewrite the sentences into the passive voice.
- •24. Use English verbs on the left in the correct tense form. Translate the predicate only. Don’t translate the whole sentence.
- •Грамматический справочник
- •1.1. Местоимения
- •1.2. Вопросительные местоимения и слова
- •1.3. Указательные местоимения
- •2. Артикли (для самостоятельного изучения)
- •3. Спряжение глагола “to be” (быть)
- •Конструкция “There is” / “There are” (находится, имеется, есть)
- •6. Простое настоящее время Present Simple
- •7. Простое прошедшее время Past Simple
- •8. Степени сравнения прилагательных
- •9. Настоящее длительное время Present Continuous
- •10 . Present Continuous или Present Simple?
- •11. Прошедшее длительное время Past Continuous
- •12. Неопределенные местоимения
- •13. Настоящее завершенное время Present Perfect
- •14.Завершенное длительное время Present Perfect Continuous
- •15. Модальные глаголы
- •16. Оборот to be going to (собираться сделать что-либо)
- •17. Будущее время Future Simple
- •18. Будущее длительное время Future Continuous
- •19. Будущее завершенное время Future Perfect
- •20. Прошедшее завершенное время Past Perfect
- •21. Пассивный залог Passive Voice
- •Приложения
- •Предлоги места:
- •Список используемой литературы и интернет-ресурсов
14.Завершенное длительное время Present Perfect Continuous
have/has + been + V-ed / 3 форма |
1) Present Perfect Continuous употребляется:
1. Для выражения длительного действия, которое началось в прошлом и еще длится в настоящее время. При употреблении этого времени всегда указан период времени, в течение которого совершается действие, - предлог for или момент в прошлом, с которого оно началось, - предлог since.
I have been waiting for my mother for a long time. Я жду свою маму уже давно. Since when have you been working at this plant? С каких пор вы работаете на этом заводе?
2. Present Perfect Continuous употребляется также для выражения длительного действия, которое началось в прошлом и закончилось непосредственно перед моментом речи. Период времени, в течение которого совершалось действие, может быть как указан, так и не указан.
I feel tired as I have been working in the garden for several hours. Я чувствую себя усталым, так как я работал в саду несколько часов.
2) Образование Present Perfect Continuous
Утвердительная форма |
Вопросительная форма |
Отрицательная форма |
I have been working You have been working He has been working she has been working it has been working We have been working You have been working They have been working |
Have I been working? Have you been working? Has he been working? Has she been working? Has it been working? Have we been working? Have you been working? Have they been working? |
I have not been working You have not been working He has not been working she has not been working it has not been working We have not been working You have not been working They have not been working |
3) Выражения, используемые с Present Perfect Continuous
-
for an hour, for a long time, since yesterday, all day, how long?
since when? all morning/afternoon/week/ day etc.
15. Модальные глаголы
Модальные глаголы – не называют действие, входят в состав сказуемого, заменяют собой вспомогательные глаголы. Эта группа глаголов состоит из ограниченного количества “настоящих” модальных глаголов (may, can, must, should…) и эквивалентов, “заменителей” модальных глаголов, которые “взяты напрокат” в группе смысловых глаголов (have to, be to, be able to, be allowed to). Модальные глаголы выполняют в английском языке две функции:
1. – выражают отношение к действию:
He can drive a lorry. – Он умеет водить грузовик.
He may drive a lorry. – Ему можно водить грузовик.
He has to drive a lorry. – Ему приходится водить грузовик.
He shouldn’t drive a lorry. – Ему не следует водить грузовик.
(Сравните: He doesn’t drive a car. – Он не водит грузовик.)
2. – выражают степень уверенности/неуверенности говорящего в происходящем (только “настоящие” модальные глаголы):
It may be Tom. – Возможно, это Том. (Говорящий сомневается)
It can be Tom. – Это может быть Том. (Малая степень уверенности)
It should be Tom. – Должно быть, это Том. (Большая степень уверенности)
It must be Tom. – Это должен быть Том. (Говорящий уверен)
Значения и формы основных модальных глаголов и их эквивалентов представлены в таблице:
Модальный глагол, значение |
Время |
||
Настоящее Present |
Прошедшее Past |
Будущее Future |
|
can
уметь, мочь, (физическая возможность, умение) |
can + V1 (могу, можешь, может, могут…)
He can swim. Он умеет плавать. |
could + V1 (мог, умел, могла, могли, умели…)
He could swim. Он умел плавать. |
(формы не имеет, используют эквивалент) will be able to + V1 (смогу, сумеет, будут уметь) He will be able to swim. Он будет уметь плавать. |
may
мочь, иметь разрешение |
may + V1 (можно)
He may swim. Ему можно плавать. |
might + V1 (можно было)
He might swim. Ему можно было плавать. |
(формы не имеет, используют эквивалент) will be allowed to+V1 (можно будет, разрешат) He will be allowed to swim. Ему разрешат плавать. |
must быть должным, обязанным (сильное долженствование) |
must + V1 (должен, обязан) He must swim. Он должен плавать. (ему положено по должности) |
(формы не имеет, используют эквивалент) had to + V1 didn’t have to + V1 (должен был, пришлось) When I was a child I had to walk to school. Когда я был ребенком, я вынужден был ходить в школу пешком. |
(формы не имеет, используют эквивалент) will have to+V1 (должен буду, придется) I will have to work on Saturday. Мне придется работать в субботу. |
to have to быть вынужден-ным |
have to + V1 has to + V1 don’t have to + V1 doesn’t have to + V1 I have to go. Я вынужден уйти. (вынужден, приходится) |
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should должен, следует (совет) |
should + V1 You should visit a doctor. Тебе надо пойти к врачу. |
Should + have V3 (надо было, следовало) You should have visited a doctor. Тебе надо было пойти к врачу. |
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needn’t (отсутствие необходимости) |
needn’t + V1 You needn’t go there. Тебе не надо идти туда. |
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UNIT 4