Indicating upward movement :
Verbs |
Nouns |
|
Transitive |
Intransitive |
|
(to) increase |
(to) increase |
(an) increase |
(to) raise |
(to) rise (rose, risen) |
(a) raise (US), a rise (UK) |
(to) push/put/step up |
(to) go/be up |
(an) upswing |
|
(to) grow |
(a) growth |
(to) extend, (to) expand |
(to) extend, (to) expand |
(an) extension, expansion |
|
(to) progress |
(a) progression |
|
(to) boom/soar/climb |
(a) boom |
|
(to) jump, (to) skyrocket |
(a) jump |
|
(to) reach a peak, (to) peak |
(a) peak |
|
(to) reach an all-time high |
|
Indicating downward movement :
Verbs |
Nouns |
|
Transitive |
Intransitive |
|
(to) decrease |
(to) decrease |
(a) decrease |
(to) cut, (to) reduce |
|
(a) cut, (a) reduction |
|
(to) fall (off) (fall, fell, fallen) |
(a) fall |
|
(to) plunge, to plummet |
(a) plunge |
|
(to) drop (off) |
(a) drop |
|
(to) go down |
(a) downswing |
|
(to) decline |
(a) decline |
|
(to) collapse |
(a) collapse (dramatic fall) |
|
(to) slump, (to) go bust |
(a) slump |
|
(to) bottom out |
|
Indicating no movement :
Verbs |
Nouns |
|
Transitive |
Intransitive |
|
(to) keep ... stable |
(to) remain stable |
|
(to) hold ... constant |
(to) stay constant |
|
(to) stabilize |
(to) stabilize |
stability |
Indicating a change of direction : or ...
Verbs |
Nouns |
|
Transitive |
Intransitive |
|
(to) level off |
(to) level off/out, to flatten out |
(a) levelling-off |
|
(to) stop falling/rising |
(a) change |
(to) stand at |
(to) remain steady |
|
|
(to) stop falling and start rising |
|
|
(to) stop rising and start falling |
|
Indicating the degree or the speed of change
Describing the elements of a graph
Look at the graph and write the appropriate letters in front of each definition :
: the horizontal axis ( or the x axis) : a solid line
: the vertical axis (or the y axis) : a broken line
: the scale : a dotted line
Prepositions
Fuel consumption |
increased/declined rose/fell |
by |
6% 200 litres a month. |
There was |
an increase a rise a decline a fall |
of |
5% 100 tonnes per kilometer |
in |
sea shipping market share |
Complete this extract from a company report using the prepositions in the box.
by |
on |
from |
of |
up |
at |
in (2) |
to(2) |
The price of our shares has increased 1 from €1 2 in February 2 _____ the present price of €16. The price remained steady 3_____ March and April 4_____ €15. There was a fall 5_____ €2 per share in June. However, this year we have spent a considerable amount 6_____new equipment and, as a result, productivity increased 7_____5% in September. So, the share price rose 8_____ €16 at the end of October. We have recently put 9_____ our prices, and this may lead to a slight drop 10_____ the share price, but we expect to make a full recovery by the end of the next quarter.
1) What type of graph is displayed above?
a. Pie Graph |
b. Line Graph |
c. Scatter Plot Graph |
d. Bar Graph |
2) What is displayed on the X-Axis?
a. Categories - "Seasons of the Year" |
b. Amounts |
c. Descriptions of the Graph |
d. None of the Above |
3) Which of the following shows the correct sales figures from fall to winter?
a. 20 million to 30 million |
b. 90 million to 20 million |
c. 20 million to 20 million (no change) |
d. 30 million to 90 million |
4) What is the purpose of the title?
a. To show sales; that sales are in millions |
b. To show the seasons of the year |
c. To describe the graph |
d. None of the above |
5) What is the purpose of this graph?
a. To show change over time |
b. To compare amounts |
c. To find differences in height |
d. None of these |
The total property crime rate and B&E rate between 2000 and 2007
