Verbs in Type 1 Conditionals
The present simple indicative in the ‘if-clause’ and the future simple indicative in the main.
( If it rains ), [ we’ll stay at home ]
The present simple indicative in the ‘if-clause’ and the imperative mood in the main. Such conditionals are used to express a command, a request or advice in the situation which is probably real or is likely to happen.
(If you are ever in the area), [ come and visit us].
↓ ↓
present simple indicative imperative mood
The present perfect or present continuous indicative in the ‘if-clause’ and the future simple in the main.
[We will go to the cinema] (if you haven’t seen the new film yet.)
(If I have offended him), [I’ll apologise].
(If you are looking for Peter), [you’ll find him upstairs].
The past simple indicative both in the main and in the ‘if-clause’. Such sentences are normally used to express habitual reactions in the past or to ask a ‘why-question’.
[Why did you boil the water] (if you didn’t want to make tea?)
(If anyone interrupted him), he got angry.
(If he tried to blackmail you), [why didn’t you tell the police?]
Ex. 6 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense to complete Type O and Type 1 conditionals.
We’ll have to move upstairs if the river …....….. (rise) any higher.
Ice turns to water if you …………………...…….....……..(heat) it.
If he ……………………......………..… (eat) all that, he will be ill.
The police……………….....…...…. (arrest) him if they catch him.
If he ………........……….... (read) in bad light, he will ruin his eyes.
What will happen if my parachute …….....………….. (not open)?
If one parachute …... (not open), another one opens automatically.
If she .......... (be) short of money, why didn’t you lend her some?
If he ……......………………….…... (be) late, we'll go without him.
If we leave the car here, it ……....…… (not be) in anybody's way.
He'll be late for the train if he ……....……...… (not start) at once.
If you are feeling ill, ……..……………..........…… (not/ go) to work.
If I lend you 10 $, when ………………....……... (you/repay) me?
If you wanted to work abroad, why ….................... (you/ not/ take) that job in Norway?
If it ............................ (rain) already, I'm definitely not going out.
If you want to lose weight, ........................... (not/eat) so much bread.
She will be absolutely furious if she …....……... (hear) about this.
If he ............... (try) to blackmail you, why didn’t you tell the police?
If you ................. (already/ finish) your work, we’ll have a break.
If you find a skeleton in my cupboard, …........… (not/ tell) anybody.
Ex. 7 Say it in English using correct verb forms.
1. Цей стіл розвалиться, якщо ти на нього станеш. 2. Якщо Симон сподівається взяти мою машину, то він буде розчарований. 3. Якщо ти йдеш, візьми ключ. 4. Якщо випиваєш, не сідай за руль (drive). 5. Якщо він тобі не повірить, покажи йому цього листа. 6. Якщо ти бачив, що він взяв таксі, то напевно він вже доїхав до станції. 7. Якщо ти спізнювався, чому не подзвонив? 8. Якщо до нас приходять десятеро на обід, нам знадобиться більше стільців. 9. Якщо я знайду твій паспорт, я тобі відразу передзвоню. 10. Якщо ти вже закінчив свою роботу, давай вип’ємо чаю. 11. Якщо не будете знати значення якогось слова, скористайтесь словником. 12. Якщо ти чув, що дзвонить телефон, чому не відповів? 13. Якщо йому сподобається ця квартира, ти її купиш? 14. Не купуй, якщо в тебе будуть якісь сумніви. 15. Хтось вкраде твою машину, якщо ти залишиш її незакритою.
smb. |
wonders/ asks wants to know doesn’t know is sure/ doubt |
if (= чи) whether when as soon as |
smb.
|
will do smth does smth did smth |
Watch out! Conjunctions ‘if’ & ‘when’ can also introduce object clauses, which are used to report questions. In object clauses the future tenses are possible.
What?
Will you be busy? – [He wants to know] if (you will be busy tonight). ↓ ↓ ↓
main clause conj. object clause
Ex. 8 a) State the type of the subordinate clauses in brackets, introduced by conjunctions in bold (adv. clause of condition, adv. clause of time or object subordinate clause).
1. (If you ask her about it), she will tell you. 2. I'll tell her about it (as soon as she asks me). 3. I’d like to know (if she will ask many questions). 4. She wonders (when somebody will come and tell her what to do). 5. Tell her about it (if she wants to know). 6. Don't tell her about it (before she asks you). 6. She asks (if she can get any additional information.) 7. I am not at all sure (when the boss will return). 8. I won’t go out (until he returns). 9. (If he returns), give him this letter. 10. Do you know (if the dean will return today)? 11. We'll face that problem (if and when it comes along.) 12. I doubt (if anyone will remember me.)
b) Read and translate the quotations. State the type of the subordinate clauses.
1. If the facts don't fit the theory, change the facts. (A Einstein) 2. Whenever you are asked if you can do a job, tell them, 'Certainly I can!' Then get busy and find out how to do it. (T.Roosevelt) 3. Those are my principles, and if you don't like them... well, I have others. (G.Marx) 4. If you pick up a starving dog and make him prosperous, he will not bite you. This is the principal difference between a dog and a man. (M.Twain) 5. One reason I don't drink is that I want to know when I am having a good time. (N.Astor) 6. If you don't know where you are going, you will probably end up somewhere else. (P. Laurence) 7. By all means marry; if you get a good wife, you'll be happy. If you get a bad one, you'll become a philosopher. (Socrates) 8. If you don't fully accept the situation, you will never really know if the situation should be changed. (P. McWilliams)
Ex. 9 Put the verbs in brackets in the present or future simple.
You will meet Agent 205 under the clock at the railway station. When she ... (arrive), she will give you an envelope. I don’t know if you ... (recognize) her in her disguise, but if she ... (not say) a secret code word, you will know that she is an enemy agent. You will take the envelope and head for the train to Waterloo station. When the train ... (come), you will get on it and go to Waterloo. If you ... (miss) the 9.15 train, you will have to get the next one. As soon as it ... (reach) Waterloo, leave the train and take a taxi to the Opera House. You will meet Jenny there, although I’m not sure exactly when she ... (get) there. Give her the envelope. Wait till she ... (drive) off and then go home. We’ll call you there. Contact me if there ... (be) any questions.
Ex. 10 Say it in English. Make sure you don’t use the future simple in adverbial clauses of condition and time:
1. Якщо вона зголодніє, приготуй для неї вечерю. 2. Я не певна, чи їй сподобається як я готую. 3. Коли вона повечеряє, дай їй відпочити. 4. Запитай її, коли вона зможе поговорити зі мною. 5. Цікаво, чи вона погодиться зі мною поговорити. 6. Я буду радий, якщо вона погодиться зі мною поговорити. 7. Я не знаю, чи її зацікавить моя пропозиція. 8. Якщо її зацікавить моя пропозиція, то ми зможемо розпочати свій бізнес. 9. Якщо ми зможемо розпочати свій бізнес, ми заробимо трохи грошей. 10. Хоча я не впевнена, чи ми зможемо щось заробити.
Ex. 11 On what condition will you have a proper holiday this year? What do you ask your travel agent about if you book a package holiday.