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XIII. Use Complex Subject instead of the subordinate clause:

1. It was reported that the patient had been suffering from the digestion disturbances tor several years. 2. It seems that the pathologic changes in the gastric mucous membrane due to chronic gastritis are responsible for the devel­opment of malignant tumours of the stomach. 3. It was stated that the patient had developed anaemia after profuse bleeding caused by perforating ulcer.

XIV. Read and translate the following words:

epigastrium [,epi'g;sstnom], peritonitis [,pent3'naitis], metastasis [me'taestasis], barium [Ъеэпэт], degeneration [di,d3en3'reijri]

207XV. Finish the following sentences using the necessary words from As­signment XIV:

1. The change of tissue from one form to another is .... 2. The inflamma­tion of the internal serous coat of the abdominal cavity is ... . 3. The upper portion of the abdomen is ... . 4. Secondary cancerous lesions due to the spread of the disease in to other organs and systems of the body are ... . 5. A special food given to the patient before the X-ray examination of his stomach or intestine is ... .

XVI. 1. Read Text d. 2. Entitle it. 3. Characterize the pain in this dis­ease. 4. Why is the prevention of this disease so important?

TextD

In gastric carcinoma pain is felt in the epigastrium and the patient often complains of the feeling of pressure in the stomach area. Pain may become severe when the tumour involves the pancreas, in peritonitis, and metastases into the bones.

The gastric juice is known to contain much mucus, leucocytes and tumour cells. In the majority of cases gastric secretion proves.to be considerably re­duced.

The X-ray examination is particularly important for the diagnosis of gastric carcinoma. It reveals the so-called filling defect, when some areas of the stom­ach remain empty after barium meal has been taken.

Preventive measures are carried out extensively to reveal the early signs of gastric cancen An adequate therapy of ulcers and chronic gastritis is widely used not to result in malignant degeneration.

XVII. Instead of the words and phrases in bold type use those from Texts с and d:

1. A continuous haemorrhage causes the decrease in the red blood cell count'. 2. 35-40% of all persons who die from cancer are known to have had gastric carcinoma. 3. When the patient's stomach was X-rayed the doctor saw that some of its areas did not contain any barium. 4. Too hot or too cold food is considered to contribute to the development of gastric cancer.

LESSON 43

FIOME ASSIGNMENTS

I.* Выразите следующие понятия одним словом:

1. the decrease of the red blood cell count; 2. a physician who treats the heart diseases; 3. the causes that produce the development of a certain disease;

208

4. the mechanism of the development of a disease; 5. the inflammation of the internal serous coat of the abdominal cavity; 6. artificial cooling of the body; 7. the state of the organism when a person is neither well nor ill; 8. irregular contractions of atria and ventricles; 9. an increase of the white blood cell count

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