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- •1. Tell about your family.
- •2. Translate word combinations into English:
- •4. Complete the phrases with suitable words:
- •5. Translate into English:
- •6. Make dialogues on the theme "Acquaintance", using the following forms of politeness:
- •Text b. Leaving home – Mike Baker talking about his daughter
- •Text с. Leaving home – Emma Wood talking about her life in London
- •Text a. My working day
- •1. Read, translate the text.
- •2. Tell about your working day using the new words.
- •3. Discuss the proverbs:
- •4. Read, translate the dialogue:
- •Text a. My friend
- •1. Read, translate the text.
- •2. Look the text through and say:
- •3. Write an essay about your best friend, using the following plan:
- •Text b. A True friend
- •1. Read, translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •3. Develop the idea about true friendship, using following “words of wisdom”:
- •Text c. Two frogs
- •1. Read the story and say what is the lesson of this story.
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Choose any opinion below and say which you like best and why.
- •3. Discuss the following statements:
- •4. Read the poems. Learn them by heart.
- •Text a. Press
- •1. Read, translate the text.
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •Text b. British periodicals
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Tell about British periodicals Text c. Press of the usa
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Tell about the press of the usa. Text d. Radio and television
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Read and dramatize the dialogue.
- •4. Translate from Russian into English:
- •5. Read the text and say what is the good thing about Twitter.
- •Text а. Modern Youth
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •Text b. Youth problems
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Learn the words to the text:
- •3. Say is it true or wrong:
- •4. Find russian equivalents to english sayings and proverbs:
- •Text a. Education in Russia
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Translate into English.
- •Text b. Higher Education
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Complete the phrases:
- •Text b. Education in Great Britain: Schools
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Ask questions to following sentences:
- •Text c. The American system of school education
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Translate into English.
- •Text d. My college
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •Additional reading Education of Queen Elizabeth I
- •Tell about Queen Elizabeth's education. Topic 7. Famous college leavers (знаманитые выпускники колледжа) Text a. Valentin Yudashkin
- •1 . Read and translate the text.
- •2. Complete the phrases:
- •3. Make the essay “Valentin Yudashkin is our famous leaver”. Text b. Dmitry Vinokurov
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Find English equivalents for following word combination in the text:
- •3. Make the essay “Dmitry Vinokurov is our famous leaver”. Text c. Ruslan Tatjanin - Maestro of long hair
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •1. Translate into Russian.
- •2. Replace the underlined words with those given in brackets.
- •3. Find the right answer in the right column.
- •4. Ask the question and answer it.
- •Text а. My Aunt Tanya
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Find in the text phrases describing:
- •3. Tell about one of your relatives or friends using the plan below:
- •Text b. A Game
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Try to play the game in your group.
- •3. Describe in the group the following situations with help of the words given below:
- •Text c. Mirror, mirror…
- •Vocabulary
- •Text d. Beauty standards
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Find in the text and translate:
- •3. Find in the text the equivalents of following word combinations
- •5. Read and translate proverbs and quotations.
- •Nothing is beautiful from every point of view. Horace
- •Тext а. Beauty industry
- •1. Find in the text English equivalents to the following expressions:
- •2. Try to find Russian equivalents to the following expressions:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •Read the text once more and complete the sentences:
- •Answer the questions.
- •Text c. Beauty Therapist
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •1. Прочитайте текст ещё раз. Подумайте, как называется в нашей стране специалист, выполняющий перечисленные в тексте функции.
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Прочитайте текст ещё раз. Объясните на английском языке, что входит в обязанности данного специалиста, дополняя информацию текста.
- •Тext e. Cosmetologist
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •1. Find in the text English equivalents to the following expressions:
- •2. Try to find Russian equivalents to the following expressions:
- •3. Discuss the following statements in the group:
- •Dialogues
- •1. Read the dialogues aloud. Dramatize them.
- •Тext а. Why Be Nice to Your Skin?
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •Text в. How To Get Gorgeous Skin
- •1. Find in the text English equivalents to the following expressions:
- •2. Think of the best translation of the following expressions:
- •3. Answer the questions.
- •Text с. Skin Care
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •1. Find Russian equivalents to the following expressions:
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following expressions:
- •3. Answer the questions to the text:
- •Text d. Facial Skin Care
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •1. Look through the text once more and mark the statements with right or wrong.
- •2. Translate the text with the help of the text.
- •Тext e. Caring For Combination Skin
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •1. Complete the text with suitable words.
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •Text f. Moisturizing: Overhyped, Undervalued, or Misunderstood?
- •1. Read the text.
- •1. Find in the text English equivalents to the following expressions:
- •Text g. Lycopene: antioxidant and sunscreen in one
- •Vocabulary:
- •1. Find Russian equivalents to the following expressions:
- •2. Write the annotation to the text in English using the plan below:
- •Text н. Acne
- •1. Translate the text in writing.
- •Dialogues
- •1. Read the dialogues aloud. Dramatize them.
- •I have problems with my skin
- •2. Make other dialogues using the topical vocabulary.
- •3 .Dramatize the situations.
- •Text а. Skin Care Products
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Delete the superfluous words written in italics from the following phrases (в следующих предложениях одно из написанных курсивом слов лишнее, вычеркните его.
- •3. Answer the questions.
- •Text b. Skin Care Treatments
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •1. Find in the text English equivalents to the following expressions:
- •2. Find Russian equivalents to the following expressions:
- •3. Summarize briefly the contents of the text in written form, using the following plan:
- •Text c. Natural Skin Care Products
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Translate the first paragraph in written form.
- •3. Write down the names of the natural ingredients from the text.
- •4. Find in the text English equivalents to the following expressions:
- •Text d. Avon skin care products
- •1. Read and translate the text. Protection and nutrition
- •Specific care
- •Daily cleansing
- •2. Learn the words to the text.
- •3. Find in the text English equivalents to the following expressions:
- •4. Explain in English what effects produce the described products on the skin. Begin the phrases so:
- •Text e. Botanisource Comforting Moisture Cream, developed by Avon
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary:
- •2. Translate the second paragraph in written form.
- •3. Say it in English:
- •Dialogues
- •1. Read the dialogues aloud. Dramatize them.
- •2. Make other dialogues using the topical vocabulary.
- •3 .Dramatize the situations.
- •Texts for additional reading
- •Clinique's 3-Step Skin Care System
- •Clarifying Lotion
- •Homemade facial masks recipes (Practical advice from readers of internet sites)
- •Instead of Soap
- •The secret to making your own all natural facial mask at home in 10 easy steps
- •Text а. What is Aging Skin?
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •Is That Lesion a Symptom of Something Dangerous?
- •6. Read the text and tell about the measures of prevention of photoaging.
- •Текст в. Anti Aging Skin Care Products
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Find Russian equivalents to the following expressions:
- •3. Tranlate the sentences with the help of the text.
- •4. Find in the text English equivalents to the following expressions:
- •Text с. Do-It-Yourself Anti-Aging Skin Care
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Find Russian equivalents to the following expressions:
- •3. Answer the questions to the text:
- •Text е. No Cost Techniques to Prevent Wrinkles and Retard Skin Aging
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following expressions:
- •3. Find Russian equivalents to the following expressions:
- •4. Write annotation of the text in English using the plan below:
- •Dialogues
- •1. Read the dialogues aloud. Dramatize them.
- •2. Make other dialogues using the topical vocabulary.
- •3 .Dramatize the situations.
- •Text а. Cosmetic Procedures
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •Text b. Dermatologic Medical Skin Rejuvenation
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •Text c. Methods of Dermatologic Surgical Skin Rejuvenation
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •1). Chemical Peeling
- •2). Soft-tissue Augmentation
- •2. Find Russian equivalents to the following expressions:
- •4). Dermabrasion
- •6). Electrosurgical Resurfacing
- •5. Read the texts 5 and 6 and tell about the methods of skin resurfacing. Text d. Superfluous Hair Removal
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •Text e. Non-ablative Skin Treatments
- •2. Find Russian equivalents to the following expressions:
- •3. Look through the text once more and mark the statements with right or wrong.
- •2). Surgical Excision
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Write down the underlined words and explain their meaning in English. Text f. More Ways to Rejuvenate Your Face
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Explain in English the meaning of the word “filler”.
- •2). Time-tested fda-approved Fillers
- •Fast Facts about Soft Tissue Fillers
- •Text g. Need a Lift? New Non-Invasive Radiofrequency Treatment is an Alternative to the Traditional Facelift
- •(Тезис – основополагающее утверждение, принципиально важное положение)
- •Text а. How to improve your "look"
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •Text b. Learn what makeup suits you best
- •2. Find Russian equivalents to the following expressions:
- •3. Find English equivalents to the following expressions in the text:
- •4. Discuss the dtails of the make-up using following phrases as models
- •Text c.
- •Strawberrynet StrawberryNet.Com Website Review
- •Text d. Salon in Anytown
- •Text е. Professional tools
- •Dialogues
- •1. Read the dialogues aloud. Dramatize them.
- •I want an evening make-up
- •Complete the dialogue:
- •Additional reading
- •1. Make-up
- •2. Eyes are finished with blue shadow and mascara.
- •3. Manicure
- •Text. I am a beautician
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Discuss the following questions in the group:
- •3. Write the essay about your profession. Text в. Art and science of nail technology
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Find English equivalents to the following expressions in the text:
- •Read the text once more, divide it in parts and give a name to each of them.
- •5. Answer the questions.
- •Summarize the text using the questions. Topic 16. Rofessional ethics (профессиональная этика)
- •Text а. Professional salon conduct
- •1. Read and translate the text with the help of dictionary.
- •2. Complete the phrases.
- •Text в. Professional salon conduct toward clients
- •1. Read and translate the text with the help of dictionary.
- •2. Write down key words and word combinations from the text.
- •1. Read and translate the text
- •2. Discuss the guidelines to follow for dealing with employers and coworkers.
- •Text d. Professional ethics
- •1. Read and translate the text
- •Professional ethics toward clients
- •4. Follow your state regulations for sanitation and safety.
- •2. Discuss the ethical standards for treating clients in the salon.
- •3. Look through the text once more and tell whether following statements correspond to the contents of the text.
- •Text e. Professional ethics toward employer and coworkers
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Say it in English.
- •Text f. Your professional appearance
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Write down key words and word combinations from the text.
- •4. Discuss in the group:
- •Topic 17. Job search (поиск работы)
- •Text a. Job search
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Note the vocabulary:
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •4. Write down key words and word combinations from the text and make a short summary of it. Text в. What is a women's dress code for interviewing?
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Explain the underlined word-combinations in English
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •Text d. What is a resume?
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •Resume Checkup
- •2. Write down the main lines of a resume and comment them in English.
- •3. Make your own resume.
- •4. Memorize the following expressions and dramatize dialogues “At the interview”.
- •5. Dramatize the situation «Searching the job. The interview”? using the plan.
- •§1. Артикль Артикль является одним из определителей существительного и на русский язык не переводится.
- •Неопределенный артикль опускается перед неисчисляемыми существительными (они не имеют множественного числа):
- •Определенный артикль the употребляется
- •Артикль опускается в следующих случаях:
- •§2. Множественное число существительных
- •§3. Падеж существительных.
- •§ 4. Конструкция there is/there are
- •§ 5. The Present Indefinite (Simple) Tense (Простое) настоящее неопределённое время
- •Как образуются: Спряжение глагола to work - работать
- •Чтение окончания - s
- •Вопросительные слова:
- •Система вопросов
- •§ 6. Неопределенные местоимения
- •Some может употребляться в вопросительных предложениях, если вопрос является приглашением или просьбой.
- •§ 7. The Past Participle (Причастие прошедшего времени)
- •Причастие прошедшего времени правильных глаголов образуется от инфинитива глагола путём прибавления к основе суффикса – ed
- •§ 8. The Past Indefinite Tense (Простое прошедшее время)
- •§ 9. Глагол to have в Past Indefinite
- •§ 10. Глагол to be в Past Indefinite
- •Система вопросов
- •§ 11. Модальные глаголы
- •В современном разговорном языке can употребляется также для выражения разрешения.
- •Should, ought to Глаголы should, ought to выражают совет и переводятся следует (не следует), нужно (не нужно)
- •§ 12. Повелительное наклонение
- •§ 13. Местоимения many, much, a lot of, few, a few, little, a little
- •§ 14. The Future Indefinite Tense (Простое будущее время)
- •§ 15. Конструкция to be going to do smth
- •§ 16. Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий.
- •Степени сравнения наречий в английском языке
- •§ 17. Многозначность shall.
- •§ 18. Многозначность will
- •§ 19. Многозначность would
- •§ 20. Passive Voice. Пассивный (страдательный) залог.
- •§ 21. Союзы either ... Or, neither…nor
- •I like neither pork nor beef. - я не люблю ни свинину, ни говядину.
- •§ 22. Существительное в функции определения
- •§ 23. Многозначность слов
- •§ 23. Participle I
- •§ 24. Continuous Tenses (Продолженные времена)
- •Present Continuous Tense (Настоящее продолженное время)
- •Образуется:
- •§ 25. Past Continuous Tense (Прошедшее продолженное время.)
- •At 5 o’clock yesterday
- •The whole day
- •§ 26. Future Continuous Tense ( Будущее продолженное время)
- •§ 27. Местоимения every и each.
- •§ 28. Местоимение one
- •§ 29. The Present Perfect Tense (Настоящее совершенное время)
- •I have never eaten artichokes.
- •§ 30. The Past Perfect Tense. (Прошедшее совершенное время) Употребляется: для обозначения действия, завершенного к определенному моменту в прошлом:
- •§ 31. The Future Perfect Tense (Будущее совершенное время)
- •§ 32. Многозначность глагола to have
- •§ 33. Многозначность глагола to be
- •Предлоги (Prepositions)
- •§ 34. Основные предлоги места:
- •§ 35. Основные предлоги направления
- •Запомните следующие словосочетания:
- •§ 36. Основные предлоги времени
- •Запомните застывшие словосочетания, в которых артикль опускается:
- •§ 37. Gerund (Герундий)
- •Глаголы, требующие после себя герундия
- •Глаголы и выражения, требующие после себя герундия с определенными предлогами:
- •Запомните следующие выражения с герундием:
- •Герундий имеет также перфектную и страдательную формы:
- •Упражнения
- •2.Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимания на способы перевода герундия.
- •3. Дополните предложения, употребляя герундий следующих глаголов и словосочетаний.
- •4. Переведите предложения на английский язык.
- •§ 38. Сложное дополнение (The Complex Object)
- •Упражнения
- •Переведите предложения на русский язык:
- •Составьте предложения со сложным дополнением по образцу.
- •Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на значения причастия и инфинитива.
- •Переведите предложения на английский язык, употребляя сложное дополнение.
- •Конструкция to have smth done
- •Упражнения
- •1. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык.
- •2. Задайте вопросы When? Why? Where? к предложениям предыдущего упражнения.
- •§ 39. Сложноподчиненное предложение
- •Упражнения
- •1. Употребите глагол в скобках в нужной форме (Present Indefinite или Future Indefinite).
- •2. Вставьте вместо точек who, that, или which
- •§ 40. Числительные
- •Чтение числительных свыше 100
- •§ 41. Хронологические даты
- •Упражнения
- •Совместите время с его обозначением.
- •Скажите по-английски.
- •§ 42. Словообразование
- •Основной суффикс наречий
- •Основные суффиксы прилагательных
- •Другие способы словообразования
- •Упражнения
- •Finish – финиш, окончание to finish – заканчивать
- •7. Образуйте от следующих глаголов существительные при помощи суффикса – ing и переведите их на русский язык.
- •13. Образуйте от следующих прилагательных наречия при помощи суффикса – ly, переведите их на русский язык.
- •Speech Etiquette (Речевой этикет)
- •Text organizers
- •Литература
- •Содержание
§ 8. The Past Indefinite Tense (Простое прошедшее время)
Употребление:
1. Past Indefinite выражает действие, свершившееся в прошлом и часто употребляется со словами:
yesterday (the day before yesterday) – вчера (позавчера)
5 minutes ago (two days ago) – 5 минут назад (два дня назад)
last week (month, year) – на прошлой неделе (месяце, году)
last morning – прошлым утром
in 1998 – в 1998 году
She worked there in 1995.
2. Ряд последовательных действий в прошлом.
He entered and took off his coat.
Образование:
Утвердительная форма для всех лиц от правильных глаголов образуется путём прибавления – ed к основе глагола (т.е также, как образуется Past Participle).
Неправильные глаголы образуют форму Past Indefinite не по правилам (см. таблицу неправильных глаголов – II форма - V2).
V1 Infinitive |
V2 Past Indefinite |
V3 Past Participle |
Перевод |
to be to buy to cut to do to have to go to take to eat to drink |
was, were bought cut did had went took ate drank |
been bought cut done had gone taken eaten drunk |
Быть покупать резать делать иметь идти брать есть пить |
Утвердительная форма |
Отрицательная форма |
Вопросительная форма |
} he she went it we went you went they went |
I did not (didn’t) go he she did not (didn’t) go it we did not (didn’t) go you did not (didn’t) go they did not (didn’t) go |
Did I go? Did he (she, it) go? Did we (you, they) go? |
Система вопросов:
She went shopping last morning.
Who went sopping last morning?
Did she go sopping last morning?
Went did she go sopping last morning?
Did she go sopping last morning or last Monday?
She went shopping last morning, didn’t she?
Краткие ответы:
Did he cook dinner yesterday? – Yes, he did
No, he didn’t
§ 9. Глагол to have в Past Indefinite
Глагол to have в Past Indefinite имеет одну форму had.
+ They had breakfast at 8 o’clock.
– They did not (didn’t) have breakfast at 7 o’clock
– Did they have breakfast at 8? ? – Yes, they did
No, they did not (didn’t)
Глагол to have в значении иметь, обладать обычно не употребляется в Past Indefinite с got.
She has got long hair. – When she was a child, she had long hair.
В отрицательных и вопросительных предложениях в Past Indefinite глагол to have в этом значении употребляется с did / didn’t.
Did you have a car last year?
He didn’t have money, so he couldn’t buy it.
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