Ex. 152. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses: Present and Past Tenses and Non-Continuous Verbs

1. a. Look, I (have) ________________ two tickets for the circus.

b. Look, I (hold) _________________ two tickets for the circus.

2. a. We (be) _____________there for more than half an hour by the time the show began.

b. We (wait) _____________there for more than half an hour by the time the show began.

3. a. Sam (sit) ____________ in the seat next to me when the clown threw a bucket of water at me.

b. Sam (be) _____________ in the seat next to me when the clown threw a bucket of water at me.

4. a. One clown was juggling while he (balance) ___________a glass of wine on his head.

b. One clown was juggling while he (have) _____________ a glass of wine on his head.

5. a. I (love) _____________ the circus ever since I was a child.

b. I (go) ______________ to the circus ever since I was a child.

6. a. Right now, I (see) ____________ two elephants doing tricks in the ring.

b. Right now, I (look) _____________ at two elephants doing tricks in the ring.

Ex. 153. Present and Past Tense Review. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.

Lars: Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?

Tony: We (wait) for the new Stars Wars movie. In fact, we (wait) ……………. here for more than five hours.

Lars: Five hours? When did you arrive?

Tony: We (get) ……………….. here at 6:00 o'clock this morning. More than forty people (stand, already) ………………….. here waiting for tickets when we arrived.

Lars: I can't believe that! Are you serious?

Tony: Yeah, people (take) …………………… Star Wars movies seriously. In fact, this particular showing has been sold out for over a week. We (wait, just) ……………….. in line to get a good seat in the theater.

Lars: When did you buy your tickets?

Tony: I (buy) ………………….. them last week by phone. I (know) …………………. tickets would be hard to get because I (see) …………………… a news interview with a group of people standing in line to get tickets. They (wait) …………………. in line for almost a month to buy tickets for the first showing.

Lars: I don't believe that!

Tony: It's true. They (camp) ………………………… out in front of Mann's Chinese Theater in Los Angeles for about a month because they (want) ……………………. to be the first people to see the movie.

Ex.154 Read the text and answer the questions.

New Directions in Family Life

If present trends continue until the year 2000, nine out of ten Englishmen will marry, but they will get married later than they did in the 1950s and '60s. The majority will have children, but they will have children later. Also, they most likely will have fewer children than their parents and grandparents. English divorce rates will remain high (in 1980, there were 109 divorced people for every 1000 married ones), but most who divorce will be remarrying within a year or two of the divorce.

Are these trends going to affect English life drastically? Many family experts see hopeful signs in the trends. They believe that by the year 2000, the English will have learned to adapt better to the continual and rapid change characteristic of modern society. The family will remain the most important unit of English society, but it will be a family ready to adapt to changing times.

Looking at Structures

1. Four different forms of the future are used in the preceding passage. Underline them and try to explain why each is used. Are there cases where any of the four forms would be correct?

2. What tense is the first verb in the passage? Can you explain why this tense is used instead of a future form?

COMMUNICATIVE ACTIVITY

Ex.155 In pairs, take turns asking and answering the following questions.

1. Will you see your family (boyfriend, girlfriend, best friend) soon?

2. When are you going to see them (him, her)?

3. When are you going to call them (him, her) next?

4. Will the call be long distance?

5. Will it be expensive?

6. When are you writing your next letter to your family (best friend, and so forth)?

Ex.156 Complete the missing half of the following sentences using the Present Simple or Future Simple.

1 If you shop regularly in supermarkets, ________________________.

2 ________________________________________, he’ll get really fit.

3 As soon as I have some money, _____________________________.

4 Unless __________________,we’ll cook a lovely meal for her tonight.

5 When I finish reading this book about advertising, ______________.

6 If my son passes his driving test, ____________________________.

7 Unless a product _____________________________, I won’t buy it.

8 As soon as I know for certain, ______________________________.

Ex.157. Which comment is correct in each situation and why?

1. You are planning to buy a new computer.

a) I hope it will be cheap.

b) It is going to be cheap.

2. It’s the last ten minutes of a basketball match between Lithuania and the USA. The score is 102:56 to Lithuania.

a) The USA will lose.

b) The USA is going to lose.

3. You are going on holiday in Italy.

a) It probably won’t rain.

b) It’s not going to rain.

Ex. 158. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs in brackets to express future (Future Simple, Be Going to, Present Continuous).

1. I don’t think I __________ (take up) my company’s offer of working from home three days a week.

2. I __________ (definitely/change) my working hours at some point in the next few months, but I’m not sure when.

3. I ___________ (meet) Sandy after work to talk about doing voluntary work at the weekends.

4. I think Anya __________ (enjoy) working flextime. It __________ (suit) her lifestyle.

5. Bea, slow down, you __________ (get ill) if you carry on working such long hours without a break.

6. He doesn’t think he __________ (resign) from his job after a lot of thinking things through.

7. She’s not sure where and when, but she __________ (set up) her own clothing company.

8. __________ (you/work) from home all this week?

Ex.159 In pairs, use the prompts and the phrases in the box to discuss your future plans.

I’m thinking about … I’m probably going to … I’m not sure yet, but … One idea is to … It depends on …

1 Learning to drive or buying a new car.

2 Investing in a holiday home to escape to whenever you like.

3 Improving your English.

4 Getting better at one of your current hobbies.

5 Planning a break to somewhere you’ve never visited.

6 Decorating or improving where you live at the moment.

Ex. 160. a) Write optimistic and pessimistic predictions about life in thirty years’ time. Think of these things: Climate, telephone, Internet, inventions, work, studies, the family, our homes, the environment, books, transport.

Example: I think there will be no newspapers.

b). Now work in pairs. Student A is a pessimist and Student B is an optimist. Make predictions.

Example:

A: Life on Earth is going to disappear – the sea level is getting higher every year.

B: No, I’m sure scientists will be able to stop global warming.

CONTEXT

Ex. 161. Complete the text with going to or will.

Earth report!

Futurologist Clara Wright speaks to our journalist.

“We have clear evidence that in the next few years the Earth’s climate _______ change. I’m afraid that this probably means that many species of animals, such as the Bengal tiger, _________ disappear soon. Climatic changes ________ certainly affect people’s lives too. Because of global warming, the sea has already destroyed parts of the British coastal villages. It is obvious that this destruction _______ become more dangerous in the future. We have to take immediate action, or I fear that life o Earth _________ get worse.”

Ex. 162Complete the passage with the simple present, be going to, or the simple future form of the verbs in parentheses. In some cases, more than one choice may be possible. Be prepared to discuss your choices.