- •Simple present
- •Use 4 Scheduled events in the near future
- •Use 5 Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)
- •Present continuous
- •1) Verbs expressing mental activity:
- •E.G. Do you believe in God?
- •Continuous and non – continuous uses
- •List of verbs that can be used in the continuous form with examples and definitions:
- •Some verbs can be especially confusing:
- •Use 4 Fixed arrangements in the near future
- •Use 5 Repetition and irritation with "Always"
- •The Present Simple versus the Present Continuous
- •Simple past
- •[Id] after t and d: wanted, landed.
- •Use 2 a series of completed actions
- •We use the Simple Past to list a series of completed actions in the past.
- •Use 4 Habits in the Past
- •Use 5 Past facts or generalizations
- •Used To
- •Would/ would always
- •There are some verbs in English which are considered to be troublesome.
- •Past continuous form
- •Use 1 Specific time
- •Use 2 Interrupted action in the past
- •Use 3 Two or more simultaneous past actions
- •Use 4 Repetition and irritation with "always"
- •Time relation and conjunctions as, when and while
- •The Past Simple versus the Past Continuous
- •Present perfect form
- •Use 2. Personal experience, achievements, changes over time,
- •Use 3 Multiple actions at different times
- •Use 4 Duration from the past until now (Non-Continuous Verbs)
- •The Present Perfect versus the Past Simple
- •Time Expressions with Present Perfect
- •Present perfect continuous form
- •Important
- •The Present Perfect versus the Present Perfect Continuous
- •Past perfect form
- •Past perfect continuous form
- •Past Continuous vs. Past Perfect Continuous
- •Simple future form Shall/Will
- •The Future Simple versus “Be going to”
- •Intention
- •Important
- •Future continuous
- •Future perfect
- •Future perfect continuous
- •Future Continuous vs. Future Perfect Continuous
- •Future in the past
- •Exercises
- •Ex.10 Linda Magee, a television news reporter, was interviewed about her day. Use the underlined sections of the article to write the interviewer’s questions.
- •Ex.16 Be creative! Write four sentences about your life at the moment using the Present Simple.
- •Now write four sentences about your life at the moment using the present continuous.
- •What is the difference between when we use the Present Simple and when we use the Present Continuous?
- •2) Read the text: Facts and Figures About the American Family
- •3) Looking at structures:
- •Housing in America
- •A u.S. Commuter
- •Ex.34. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses: Simple Present or Present Continuous.
- •The First tv Soap Opera
- •The Old Days
- •A Day in the Life of a Traditional Housewife
- •Ex. 69. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the Simple Past or Past Continuous tenses.
- •Ex. 70. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses: Simple Past / Past Continuous.
- •Ex.99. Simple Past / Present Perfect. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •Ex. 100. Simple Past / Present Perfect. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •Growing Old in America
- •Ex. 113. Present Perfect / Present Perfect Continuous. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •Ex. 114. Present Perfect / Present Perfect Continuous. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •Ex. 121. Present Continuous / Present Perfect Continuous. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •Ex. 121. Present Continuous / Present Perfect Continuous. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •Ex. 137. Simple Past / Past Perfect. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •Ex. 140. Simple Past / Present Perfect / Past Perfect. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •An unusual order
- •The New Fatherhood
- •Leonardo da Vinci
- •Ibn Sina (Avicenna)
- •Sor Juana Ines de Ia Cruz
- •Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
- •John Stuart Mill
- •Margaret Mead
- •Ex. 149. Present Perfect / Past Perfect/Present Perfect Continuous / Past Perfect Continuous. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •1. It is already 9:30 pm and I (wait) _______________ here for over an hour. If John does not get here in the next five minutes, I am going to leave.
- •Ex. 151. Present Continuous / Simple Past /Present Perfect Continuous / Past Perfect Continuous. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •Ex. 152. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses: Present and Past Tenses and Non-Continuous Verbs
- •Ex. 153. Present and Past Tense Review. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •New Directions in Family Life
- •The High Cost of Children
- •Ex. 163. Will / Be Going To. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •Ex. 164. Will / Be Going To. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •Ex. 165. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with Will or Be Going To.
- •Ex. 167. Simple Present / Simple Future. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •Ex. 168. Simple Present / Simple Future. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •I will probably be studying for a test.
- •Ex. 172. Simple Future / Future Continuous. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •Ex. 173. Simple Present / Simple Future, Present Continuous / Future Continuous. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses
- •Ex. 182. Simple Future / Future Perfect. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses
- •Future Perfect / Future Perfect Continuous. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses
- •Ex. 185. Future Perfect / Future Perfect Continuous. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses
- •Future Continuous / Future Perfect Continuous. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
- •Verb Tense Review. Ex. 190 Complete sentences below with the appropriate tenses.
- •A Little Gossip
- •The Appointment
- •Agatha Christie
- •Ex. 194. The Restaurant
- •90.The bomb experts ________ the people shopping to come out until they found out that the parcel at the market entrance wasn't a bomb
- •Affirmative Simple tenses
- •Progressive tenses
- •Perfect tenses
- •Perfect progressive tenses
- •Negative Simple tenses
- •Progressive tenses
- •Perfect tenses
- •Perfect progressive tenses
Ex. 121. Present Continuous / Present Perfect Continuous. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
1. It (rain)…………………. all week. I hope it stops by Saturday because I want to go to the beach.
2. Sid: Where is Gary? Sarah: He (study) …………………. at the library for his German test on Wednesday. In fact, he (review) ……………… for the test every day for the last week.
3. You look really great! (You, exercise) ……………………… at the fitness center ? 4. Frank, where have you been? We (wait) ……………………. for you since 1 PM.
5. Tim: What is that sound?
Nancy: A car alarm (ring) …………………………… somewhere down the street.
It (drive) ……………………… me crazy - I wish it would stop! It (ring) ………………… for more than twenty minutes.
6.Joseph's English (improve, really)…………………, isn't it? He (watch)………………. American television programs and (study) his grammar every day since he first arrived in San Diego. Soon he will be totally fluent.
7. Dan: You look a little tired. (You, get) ……………………….. enough sleep lately?
Michelle: Yes, I (sleep)……………….. relatively well. I just look tired because I (feel)…………… a little sick for the last week.
Dan: I hope you feel better soon.
Michelle: Thanks. I (take, currently) …………………. some medicine, so I should feel better in a couple of days.
Ex. 121. Present Continuous / Present Perfect Continuous. Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.
Mr. Smith: So tell me a little bit about yourself, Mr. Harris. I would like to find out a little bit more about your background.
Mr. Harris: I (work) ………………………… in the insurance industry for over ten years. I worked for Met Life for six years and World Insurance for four and a half. During that time, I heard many good things about Hollings Life Insurance and that's why I (apply) ………………….. for the new sales position.
Mr. Smith: Tell me a little about your hobbies and interests.
Mr. Harris: In my spare time, I hike in the mountains outside of town, volunteer at the Sierra Club and play tennis. In fact, I (compete) ………………. in a tennis tournament this weekend.
Mr. Smith: Really, how long (you, play)………………. tennis ?
Mr. Harris: I (play) ……………………. since high school. I love the sport.
Mr. Smith: Great! We like dedication here at Hollings Life. You mentioned you volunteer at the Sierra Club. I (work, currently)…………………. with them on the sea turtle project. We (try) ……………… to create a wildlife sanctuary near the bay.
Mr. Harris: Do you know Frank Harris? He's my brother. He (work, presently) ……………..on the same project.
Mr. Smith: I know Frank quite well. Any brother of Frank's would be a welcome addition to Hollings Life. Just one more thing, we (look) ………………….. for somebody who is fluent in Spanish; many of our clients are from Mexico.
Mr. Harris: No problem. I (study) …………………. Spanish since elementary school.
Mr. Smith: Sounds like you are the perfect candidate.
Ex. 122 Translate the following senctence using the verbs in Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous.
1. На кого ти чекаєш? — Я чекаю на свою подругу. Я стою тут вже п'ятнадцять хвилин, але вона ще не прийшла.
2. Міжнародний семінар щойно завершився. Він тривав майже тиждень.
3. Сьогодні дуже холодно. Небо вкрито хмарами, іде сніг. З ранку дме лютий вітер.
4. Вона вже пошила собі нову сукню? — Ні. Вона все ще шиє її. Вона шиє її вже кілька тижнів, але сукня ще не готова.
5. Ти вже півгодини переписуєш цю вправу. Перестань писати і відпочинь трохи.
6. Я тільки зараз зрозумів, що його немає вдома. Де він? — Він на роботі. Він працює уже чотири години.
7. Вже сорок хвилин ми доводимо тобі, що ти неправий, але ти все ще не зважаєш на наші доводи.
8. Де лікар? — Він оглядає пацієнта в своєму кабінеті. Він там уже п'ять хвилин.
9. Чому ти така схвильована? — Цілий день я намагаюсь додзвонитись до своїх батьків, але ніхто не відповідає. Де вони можуть бути?
Ex. 123. Put the verbs into the Past Perfect.
1. The storm destroyed the sandcastle that we (build) _____________ .
2. He (not / be) ____________ to Cape Town before 1997.
3. When she went out to play, she (do / already) _____________ her homework.
4. My brother ate all of the cake that our mum (make) ____________.
5. The doctor took off the plaster that he (put on) ____________ six weeks before.
6. The waiter brought a drink that I (not / order)________________ .
7. I could not remember the poem we (learn) ______________ the week before.
8. The children collected the chestnuts that (fall) _____________ from the tree.
9. (he / phone) ______________ Angie before he went to see her in London?
10. She (not / ride) _______________ a horse before that day.
Ex.124 Translate the following sentences using the verbs in Past Perfect.
1. Ми зробили уроки до приходу батька.
2. До дев'ятої години я повечеряв.
3. Він не вивчив вірша до вечора.
4. Вони розвели багаття до заходу сонця.
5. Черговий витер дошку до приходу вчителя.
6. Я не переклав статтю до ранку.
7. Діти заснули до десятої години?
8. Чому він не надіслав листа до свята?
9. Хто закінчив роботу до шостої вечора?
10. Ми прокинулись до сходу сонця.
11. Я приготувала пиріг до приходу гостей.
12. Гра почалась до четвертої години?
13. До третьої години я проглянув всі документи.
Ex.125 Reorder the following words to make sentences using the Past Simple and the Past Perfect Simple.
1. remembered, she, she, that, had, very, been, sunburnt, in, that, photo, holiday.
2. because, he, he, felt, trekked, had, to, tired, the, top, of, the, back, and, mountain.
3. had, eaten, they, something, of, ill, because, were, they.
4. before, safari, been, a, on, had, you?
5. situation, misunderstood, the, had, I, realized, I.
6. had, always, I, camp, to, wanted, in, the, desert.
7. like, this, one, beach, seen, a, never, had, we.
8. independent, travel, always, enjoyed, had, he.
Ex.126 Explain the use of the past tense-aspect forms in the following extract. (Translate the extract into Ukrainian.)
It had snowed all night. Now the sun was shining. I was with Kitty in Kensington Gardens. We had met at Peter Pan and walked up to my “Leningrad garden.” Here there were few people about. Some wellpadded individuals were exercising their dogs, watching with absurd pleasure the dogs’ amazement at the snow, their play, and the doggy footprints. The stone basins were frozen and some ducks, with comical caution, were slithering about on the ice. The fountains were bearded with opaque white icicles. We had carried a couple of chairs into the little stone pavilion at the end and were sitting there in a corner. The pavilion, heaped over with snow, was enclosed and private, our corner almost obscure. The snow had dulled the traffic noise, muffled the world about us, arched us in. Every now and then the dog ran up to the doorway, sniffed and ran off, wild with snowjoy, and smiling wool-clad owner plodded by. No one else came, straight ahead, between two stone nymphs, the lake curved away, goldened with willows, and the cloudless glittering blue sky arched over the snowy park.. There was not a breath of wind.
Ex. 127Join the sentences using because and the Past Perfect.
Example: Judy and Errol spent the morning shopping. They are tired.
Judy and Errol were tired because they had spent the morning shopping.
1. He didn’t work hard enough during the year. He failed his exam.
2. Mike left his wallet at home. He was cross.
3. They didn’t pay their telephone bill. The telephone company cut them off.
4. They left their passport at home. They couldn’t cross the frontier.
5. She lost her glasses. She couldn’t read the sign.
Ex.128 Complete the following sentences using the Past Perfect
1. When I went to pay, I realized that ………………
2. When he arrived at the station, he saw that …………………
3. When they got home, they found that ………………………
4. Soon after the wedding, she knew that ………………………
5. When I asked about the mess on the floor, she said that.........
Ex. 129The following sentences describe a romantic short break in Venice. Expand the sentence prompts to make full sentences using the Past Simple and the Past Perfect .
1. I be about to propose/when I realise/forget the ring.
2. We be about board plane/when we realise/not lock the front door.
3. My girlfriend really enjoy flight/because she buy book by favourite author.
4. We celebrate arrival right away/because I pack bottle of champagne.
5. We enjoy a relaxed and unhurried aperitif in hotel/because I book already an excellent restaurant.
6. My girlfriend love all the vegetarian selection of food/because she be vegetarian for ten years.
7. We order our meal in Italian/as we have lessons at a school in the UK.
8. We both feel fantastic/as we realise our dream by visiting Venice.
Ex. 130. Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps in the correct tense Past Perfect or Simple Past.
1) After Fred _____________ (spend) his holiday in Italy he ____________ (want) to learn Italian.
2) Jill _____________ (phone) Dad at work before she __________ (leave) for her trip.
3) Susan ____________ (turn on) the radio after she ____________ (wash) the dishes.
4) When she _____________ (arrive) the match _____________ (already start).
5) After the man _____________ (come) home he ____________ (feed) the cat.
6) Before he _____________ (sing) a song he _____________ (play) the guitar.
7) She ______________ (watch) a video after the children _____________ (go) to bed.
8) After Eric ____________ (make) breakfast he ___________ (phone) his friend.
9) I ____________ (be) very tired because I ____________ (study) too much.
10) They ____________ (ride) their bikes before they ____________ (meet) their friends.
CONTEXT
Ex. 131Complete the text using the Past Perfect or Simple Past tenses.
I (to go) ……………… to London for the first time in 1970 when I (to be) ……………. just a child.
My parents (to be) ……………. already there many times so they (to know) ……………… the city well. But they never (to be) ……………….. there with a child so they saw a different side of London with me. We (to go) ………………. out every day and (to have) ………………… a fantastic time. My parents (to study) ………………….. English for many years so they (to have) …………………. no difficulty with the language.
It (to rain) …………………… while we (to be) ……………… there, but we (to pack) ……………….. all our waterproof clothes so it (to be) …………………… no problem. When the time (to come) …………………….. to leave, I (to feel) ………………… quite sad because I (to have) …………………. such a good time.
Ex. 132Translate the sentences using the verbs in Past Simple, Past Continuous, Past Perfect.
1. Коли він подзвонив мені додому, мої батьки сказали, що я вже пішов.
2. Вона хотіла побувати в місті, де вона провела своє дитинство.
3. Коли я виглянув у вікно, я побачив, що в небі яскраво світить сонце, а дощ припинився.
4. Коли ми прибули на вокзал, виявилося, що поїзд вже пішов.
5. Вона дісталася свого будинку дуже пізно, бо пізно вийшла від батьків.
6. Моя подруга почувала себе погано, через те що отримала сонячний удар.
7. Учні написали твір про літні канікули, які вони провели на узбережжі Чорного моря.
8. Коли він був молодим, він брав участь у футбольних матчах.
9. Вона поскаржилась, що ніхто не допоміг їй виконати це завдання.
10. Коли вона робила доповідь, вона не дивилась у свої записи.
11. Коли я вийшов зі свого будинку, я згадав, що не взяв з собою грошей.
12. Наша команда виграла, тому що наполегливо прагнули перемоги.
13. Він не здогадався, скільки я заплатила за сукню, яку купила в вашому магазині.
14. Охоронець не впізнав людину, що пограбувала банк.
15. Вони хотіли знати, де ви провели відпустку?
16. Коли я прийшла додому, я побачила, що моя дочка читає книгу, яку я принесла їй з бібліотеки.
17. До цього я ніколи не був у цьому музеї, тому мені захотілося відвідати його.
18. Як тільки вони повечеряли, вони одразу ж пішли на прогу-лянку.
19. Вчора він зустрів друга, якого не бачив з дитинства.
20. Оскільки я прийшов додому о десятій, мій син ще не пішов спати.
Ex.133 Complete the sentences with the Past Perfect or the Past Perfect Continuous of the verbs in the list. Each verb is used only
once.
to lose to win to write to eat to play to discuss to be to know to see to get to wait to rain to live to swim to hear to sleep |
1. We … for Nancy for the last two hours, but she hasn’t arrived yet.
2. The students asked the famous writer how long he … books.
3. Everything in our garden was dying because we … rain for more than five months.
4. Bob was very excited. His favourite team finally … a game.
5. We went to Disneyland when we visited Los Angeles. Prior to that time we never … such a big amusement park.
6. How much money the company … before they finally went out of business?
7. He told me he … from her since the day she walked out of their office.
8. Anne’s lack of accent was explained by the fact that she … for twenty years in London.
9. She could see from the wet look of their costumes that they just….
10. When he came back we tried to pretend that we … him.
11. How many years … Jesus before he was crucified?
12. I sat in the kitchen smoking. Flora, who … the piano in the sitting-room, came to see what I was doing.
13. The noise woke Joe who… in his pram by the garage door.
14. It was cold and dark in the small room because it … for five days.
15. The last member of the party was Neville, the film star, whom David … for some time.
16. She realized that she was faint for food. She …nothing since the picnic.
Ex.134 Using by the time that and already, combine the following pairs of sentences. Be sure to change verb tenses when necessary.
Example: Women fought to get the vote for years. The Nineteenth Amendment was ratified in 1920. - Women had already been fighting to get the vote for years by the time that the Nineteenth Amendment was ratified in 1920.
1. Serious economic problems affected world trade for several years. The stock market crashed in 1929.
2. Farmers struggled to maintain their farms for several years. The drought of 1935-36 began.
3. Blacks and other minorities tried for years to receive equality under the law. The Civil Rights Act was passed in 1957.
4. Martin Luther King worked for civil rights for more than a decade. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.
5. The Soviet Union experimented with spacecraft for several years. The United States began its space program.
6. Young Americans explored ways of working and helping abroad. John F. Kennedy established the Peace Corps in 1961.
CONTEXT
Ex135. Put each verb in brackets into suitable past tense.
This time last year I (to cycle) ………………….. in the rain along a country road in France with a friend of mine. We (to decide) …………………. to go on a cycling holiday in Normandy. Neither of us (to be) ………………….. to France before, but we (to know) ……………….. some French from our time of school and we (to manage) ………………….. to brush up on the basics. Now we (to wonder) ………………….. if we (to make) ………………….. the right decision. We (to plan) ……………………. our route carefully in advance, but we (to forget) ……………………. one important thing, the weather. It (to rain) ………………….. solidly since our arrival and that night we (to end up) ………………………. sleeping in the waiting room at a railway station. Then the next morning as we (to ride) …………………… down a steep hill my bike (to skid) ………………….. on the wet road and I (to fall off)………………. . I (to realize) ………………….. immediately that I (to break) ………………….. my arm, and after a visit to the local hospital I (to catch) ……………………… the next train to Calais for the ferry home. Unfortunately my parents (not to expect) …………………... me home for a fortnight, and (to go) ……………………….. away on holiday. So I (to spend) …………………. a miserable couple of weeks alone, reading “Teach Yourself French”.
COMMUNICATIVE ACTIVITY
Ex.136 Talk about the reasons why these things happened.
1. One of the students in your group failed the exam.
2. Your teacher praised you the other day.
3. You didn’t go to your friend’s party.
4. You didn’t approve your girlfriend’s/boyfriend’s decision to marry him/her.
5. Your mum was cross at you.