- •New words and expressions
- •New words and expressions:
- •Introduction
- •Vocabulary
- •Short History of Transportation
- •International Transportation
- •Electric Light Orchestra - Ticket to the Moon
- •New words and expressions:
- •New words and expressions:
- •New words and expressions:
- •Bicycles and motorcycles
- •New words and expressions
- •New words and expressions
- •B oats and Ships
- •The First Ships
- •Sailing Around the World
- •Ships with Engines
- •New words and expressions
- •New words and expressions:
- •New words and expressions
- •If you like • recommend • an alternative • could you • how much • also consider • calling about • would be • more suitable • suggest that
- •Handling financial risk in international trade
Electric Light Orchestra - Ticket to the Moon
Remember the good old 1980s?
When things were so uncomplicated?
I wish I could go back there again
And everything could be the same.
I’ve got a ticket to the moon
I’ll be leaving here any day soon
Yeah, I’ve got a ticket to the moon
But I'd rather see the sunrise in your eyes.
Got a ticket to the moon
I’ll be rising high above the earth so soon
And the tears I cry might turn into the rain
That gently falls upon your window
You’ll never know.
Chorus:
Ticket to the moon (ticket to the moon)
Ticket to the moon (ticket to the moon)
Ticket to the moon (ticket to the moon).
Fly, fly through a troubled sky
Up to a new world shining bright, oh, oh.
Flying high above
Soaring madly through the mysteries that come
Wondering sadly if the ways that led me here
Could turn around and I would see you there
Standing there (and I would see you there, waiting...)
Ticket to the moon
Flight leaves here today from satellite two
As the minutes go by, what should I do?
I paid the fare, what more can I say?
It’s just one way (only one way)...
Repeat chorus…
NOTE! Vocabulary:
uncomplicated – прoстий
moon – місяць
sunrise – схід сoнця
earth – земля
tears I cry – мої сльoзи
gently falls – ніжнo падати
Chorus – приспів, хор
troubled sky – неспокійне небo
Soaring madly – закoханo і несамoвитo підніматися
mysteries – таємниці
to lead, led, led – вести
wondering sadly – з сумoм oчікуючи
satellite – супутник
I paid the fare – я сплатив зпoвна
go by – прoхoдити повз
Exercise 4 Match the words with their translation.
Transportation |
Верблюд |
to lift |
Двигун |
camel |
Середній схід |
to carry |
Перевезення |
Truck |
Пліт |
Raft |
Сани |
Sleds |
Піднімати |
Trailer |
Колесо |
Middle East |
транспортний засіб |
Cart |
Віслюк |
Engine |
Вантажівка |
Vehicle |
Перевозити |
Donkey |
Підвода |
tree trunk |
Солений |
Salt |
Трейлер |
Wheel |
Стовбур |
Exercise 5 Underwrite the words.
_____________1. ______________ 2. ________________ 3.
_____________4. _______________ 5. ______________ 6.
Exercise 6 Does it have wheels? Write “yes” or “no”.
1 a sled no
2 a motorcycle __
3 a raft __
4 a car __
5 a cart __
6 an engine __
Exercise 7 Answer the questions.
1. How did people travel before there were vehicles? - People walked or they used animals.
2. Why were sleds useful?
3. What was one of the most important inventions in history?
4. Why did people start to travel 10,000 years ago?
5. How long is the Silk Road?
6. How did Dennis Tito travel to the International Space Station?
Exercise 8 Find the words. Then complete the chart.
ANIMALS |
VEHICLES |
GOODS |
|
Bicycle |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise 9 Put the verbs in brackets in the Past Simple or the Present Simple.
What______________(you/do) last weekend?
Where_______________ you usually _____________(go) on holiday?
_________________ (you/do) to school yesterday?
Where_________________ she usually ____________(go) on Sundays?
He _______________(not/come) to the party yesterday.
Exercise 10 Put myself/yourselves etc. or me/you/us etc
It’s not my fault. You can’t blame___________________________.
What she did was very wrong. I’m ashamed of___________________.
We’ve got a problem. I hope you can help____________________.
Can I take another biscuit? Of course. Help___________________!
Take some money with__________________ __in case you need it.
Don’t worry about Ben and me. We can look after_____________.
I gave them a key to our house so that they could let_________ in.
Exercise 11 Complete the sentences using will (‘ll) or going to.Складіть речення, використовуючи will (‘ll) або going to
I’ve got a headache. Have you? Wait there and ______ an aspirin for you.(I/get)
Why are you filling that bucket with water? ________________ the car. (I/wash)
I’ve decided to repaint this room. Oh, have you? What colour _____________it? (you/paint)
Where are you going? Are you going shopping? Yes, ________________something for dinner. (I/buy)
I don’t know how to use this camera. It’s quite easy. _______________ you. (I/show)
What would you like to eat? ________________ a sandwich, please. (I/have)
Exercise 12 Choose the time expression form to complete the sentences.
In the morning, today, every day, in the evening, at present, now, often, at the moment, rarely, on Sundays, usually, never |
She likes sports. She _________________________ plays tennis.
My parents watch TV __________________________________.
He ___________________ eats sweets. He doesn’t like them very much.
He’s eating lunch________________________________________.
My mother does her shopping ______________________________.
They go to school ________________________________________.
She can’t talk to you. She is talking on the phone _______________.
They ______________ go to work on Saturdays. They stay at home.
We can’t go out. It’s raining________________________________.
She ________________walks her dog but ______________ her mother is walking the dog.
We eat breakfast _________________________________________.
Lesson 7 The History of Land Transport
Exercise 1 Read and translate the text.
Introduction
The word transport means to carry people or goods from place to place. It is also used for the vehicles that carry people or goods - for example, motor transport includes buses, lorries, motor coaches and motor cars. The American word for the same thing is transportation, and the remark "transportation is civilization" was made by an American, the motor-car manufacturer Henry Ford.
The history of transport is divided into two stages. The first stage is that in which all forms of transport depended directly on the power of men or animals or on natural forces such as winds and current. The second stage began with the development of the steam engine, which was followed by the electric motor and the internal combustion engine as the main sources of power for transport.
Porters and Pack Animals
The most ancient people were probably wanderers. They did not live in settled homes because they did not know how to till the soil. As they moved from place to place they had to carry their goods themselves. The porters were usually the women, probably because the men had to be ready to beat off attacks by wild beasts or enemies. Even now, to carry the household goods is the job of women in backward wandering tribes.
The next step was the use of pack animals for carrying goods. The kind of animal used varied in different places, but the general idea was the same - the bundles or baskets were carried by the animals on their backs. The dog, although too small to carry much, was probably one of the first transport animals used because it is so easily trained. Dogs are still to be trained for dragging sledges in the Arctic because of their light weight.
The next advance in land transport came with the invention of the wheel. The wheel at once led to the development of two-wheeled carts and four-wheeled waggons and carriages, but before these could be used for carrying goods over long distances, a system of roads was necessary. These roads had to be wide enough to take a cart and paved, for unless their surface was paved the wheels sank in and the cart stuck. In Britain, and also over much Europe, the first long-distance paved roads were made by the Romans, chiefly so that troops could be marched without delay from place to place. The roads made it possible to use wheeled traffic. However, when the Roman Empire collapsed, the roads gradually got into a very bad state.
There were two problems to be solved - first, how to make good roads, and, second, to decide who was to pay for them. In Great Britain these problems were solved in the 18th century. Stretches of roads were handed over to groups called trusts. The trusts borrowed money for repairing and improving the roads, paying it back from the sums they collected from road users. This method of paying for new roads and bridges is still used, especially in the United States.
Then it became possible to travel rather comfortably by coaches. In cities like London, rich people had their own carriages, while poor people went on horseback or walked. Then appeared carriages that could be hired for short distances. They correspond to the modern taxis. The word is short for taxi cab which in turn comes from the words taximeter and cabriolet. A cabriolet is a light two-wheeled carriage introduced from France in the 19th century. The taximeter is a mechanical device connected with the wheels which, by measuring the distance traveled, shows the fare due at any moment. It is also controlled by a clock so that waiting time too is charged for.
