B oats and Ships

We use boats and ships to _________ passengers and _______. Boats and ships can ______ along rivers and across _____ and oceans. What boats or ships have you traveled on?

The first ______ that people used on water were ______ made from tree _______. Then more than 5,000 years ago, people made _______. They used ______ to power their canoes.

People still use _______ today.

In 1947, Thor Heyerdahl built _______ similar to the ancient rafts. He sailed Kon-Tiki 8,000 kilometers from Peru to an island in the _______.

Exercise 2 Put the sentences in proper order to build the logically completed text.

The First Ships

I). Later, the Ancient Greeks sailed larger ships around the Mediterranean Sea.

II). Their ships were fast because they used sails, and at the same time men rowed with oars.

III). Chinese people invented the compass about 2,000 years ago.

IV). Chinese, Korean, and Japanese traders had large ships with square sails.

V). Traders sailed between the Middle East and India in small ships with triangular sails.

VI). They are still important for sailors today.

VII). Egyptian traders sailed the first ships about 4,500 years ago on the River Nile.

VIII). Compasses point to north, and they help people to sail in the right direction across oceans.

Note! There are two passages in the text

Guess a riddle. If you put numbers into a right order, you will get an answer. Just replace the number of a passage with the letter you are given without changing the consistency.1–O, 2–O, 3–O, 4–J, 5–D, 6–!, 7– G, 8–B.

Exercise 3 Read the text and give the answer.

Sailing Around the World

T he Vikings lived in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden about 1,000 years ago. They sailed around Europe, and they crossed the Atlantic Ocean to Canada. At the same time, hundreds of ships were trading between Japan, Korea, China, and countries in Southeast Asia.

From about 1500, European ships sailed to North and South America, Africa, and Asia. Their journeys sometimes took years. A lot of ships sank during storms. The ships were small and the sailors were brave. Pirates often attacked ships and stole gold and silver.

After about 1800, ships became important for international trade in goods like coffee, tea, and spices. Ships became bigger, and they had a lot of sails to help them go faster.

Exercise 3 Answer the questions

What do you know about Vikings?

Who sailed around the world and were?

What was the purpose of sailing?

Did the journeys take months or years?

Were those journeys dangerous and why?

What was the “new era” of trading and shipbuilding?

Exercise 4 Build the text from the mass and retell it

Note! There are two passages in this text

Ships with Engines

Steamenginespoweredmostshipsafterabout1850steamshipshadpropellersandtheywerefasterthansailing shipstodaywemakemodernshipsfrommetalandtheirenginesuseoilordieselthereareabout35,000commercialships aroundtheworldfreighterscarryfoodandclothessupertankerstransportoilandcruiseshipscarrypassengersonvacation koreabuildsthemostshipsintheworldsomesupertankersareaslongasthetallestskyscrapersKnockNevisis458 meterslongsailorsusebicyclestotravelalongtheship

Exercise 5 Give the answers to the questions. Philosophize!

1. What would you do if you were a Viking?

2. Who were pirates and what did they do?

3. Would you like to be a pirate and why?

4. Do pirates still exist? Where can we find them?

5. If you were a pirate of the XXI-st century, what would you do?

6. What if there weren’t shipbuilding at all?

7. What kind of ship would you choose if you need an International trade? Why?

8. If you had a chance to be on the board of Knock Nevis, how would you travel along the ship?

9. What boats or ships have you traveled on?

Exercises 6 Put the verbs into the correct form ( Present Simple or Present Continuous)

1. We ____________________________ the radio at night. (listen)

2. He ________________________ a letter at the moment. (write)

3. My Dad __________________________ the car now. ( wash)

4. They ___________________________their dinner now. ( have)

5. She _______________________ a long dress today. (wear)

6. Nick _______________________ a shower every morning. (have)

7. We ________________________ to the disco every Sunday. ( go)

8. Betty__________________________ her bed at the moment. (make)

Exercises 7 Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.

1. The ambulance (take) the boy to hospital and we (go) for a cup of tea.

2. While we (drink) our tea, we (talk) about the accident.

3. When the policeman ( arrive), he (ask) us some questions.

4. While I (go) to the shop, I (see) my friend.

5. When I (see) my friend, S (say) hello

6. While we (talk), a car (run into) a boy on a bike.

Lesson 13 Cars. Three or four wheels? What’s better?

Exercise 1 Read the words. Copy them into your notebook. Memorize them.