4. Заполните пропуски необходимыми артиклями.

1. I remarked that if there was . . . leak in . . . gas pipe there might be . . . explosion while he was reading . . . meter.

2. He said, 'As . . . matter of . . . fact, there was . . . explosion in . . . last house I visited; and Mr. Smith, . . . owner of . . . house, was burnt in . . . face.

3. Mr. Smith was holding . . . lighted match at . . . time of . . . explosion.

4. To prevent . . . possible repetition of this accident, I lent him . . . torch.

5. He switched on . . . torch, read . . . meter and wrote . . . reading down on . . back of . . . envelope.

5. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видовременные формы и залог глаголов-сказуемых и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. As the young plant grows it needs more water.

2. Each flowering plant has leaves.

3. There are many varieties of plants used for many purposes.

4. The first psychotropic remedies were designed in the beginning of the XX century.

5. The ester forms of vitamin A have been found to possess greater stability than the free alcohol.

6. His work does not find practical application.

6. Перепишите предложения и поставьте: 1) общий вопрос к нему; 2) специальный вопрос ко всем членам предложения.

1. Herbs are collected mostly during the period of full flowering.

7. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в них Participle I, Participle II, Gerund и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно (он) определением, обстоятельством или частью сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Plant nutrients absorbed by the roots are transferred to the other parts of the growing plant.

2. The baby started crying when he woke up, and went on crying all the morning.

3. You can get the recommended book in the library.

4. Having read this book I learnt a lot.

8. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. They didn’t want to come with us at first but in the end we were able to persuade them.

2. He may not have noticed you in that crowd.

3. I must write to Ann. I haven’t written to her for ages.

4. I had to go to hospital.

9. Переведите предложения.

1. Доклинический период включает изучение аспектов нормальной структуры и функций организма.

2. Клинические демонстрации сопровождают лекции и практические занятия.

3. Верхушки некоторых растений тоже собираются.

10. Прочитайте и письменно переведите тек­ст.

Rhizome and Roots of Valerian

The rhizome and roots of valerian are gathered in the autumn, cleaned from earth, washed and dried. Rhizome together with roots of the cultivated or wild perennial herbaceous plant common valerian (Valeriana officinalis) is widely used in medicine.

Description. The rhizome is short, thick, vertical, 2-4 cm long 1-3 cm thick, with loose pith, often hollow inside. The rhizome gives rise on all sides to numerous, thin, adventitious roots. The overground stems are cut off at the very base. The roots are usually 6-15 cm long (sometimes longer) and about 2 mm in diameter. The break of the rhizome and roots is corneous, light brown, on the outside the roots are yellow-brown, smooth and brittle, odour strong and peculiar; taste is spicy, sweetish-bitterish. Cut raw material consists of pieces of rhizome 1-8 mm long and pieces of roots 1-20 mm long.

Microscopic Examination. A transverse section of the rhizome shows a pith surrounded by one or, more seldom, two rings of vascular bundles. Groups of stone cells occur in the pith; old rhizome often has no pith (hollow rhizomes). The parenchyma cells of the cortex contain numerous small starch grains 3-20 mm in size (more frequently 9). A transverse section shows the roots to have a primary structure. There is a subepidermal layer of hypodermal cells: the cells of the hypoderm are larger than those of the epidermis; they contain drops of ethereal oil. Sometimes drops of ethereal oil are found in the cells of the cortical parenchyma. A wide primary cortex is separated by a layer of endoderm from the central cylinder; the cells of the cortical parenchyma are filled with starch grains. The powder is medium-grained, gray-brown sifting through a 0.2 mm mesh-sieve. Under the microscope an abundance of starch grains, fragments of parenchyma with starch, fragments of vessels, occasional stone cells are seen.

Storage. The rhizome and roots of valerian are kept in drugstores in closed boxes or tins; in warehouses – in bales and bags.

ВАРИАНТ 12

1. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грам­матическим признаках, какой частью речи являются слова, оформ­ленные окончанием s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет.

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. John is not very well. He went to the doctor’s.

2. Oranges are good for you.

3. We are run out of apples and oranges, I will go to the greengrocer’s.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обра­щая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.

1. We like the student hostel. It is very comfortable and not far from the University.

2. There is an effective means of controlling plant diseases at present.

3. Examining the fruit structure we determined its principal parts.