4. Заполните пропуски необходимыми артиклями.

1. I remarked that if there was . . . leak in . . . gas pipe there might be . . . explosion while he was reading . . . meter.

2. He said, 'As . . . matter of . . . fact, there was . . . explosion in . . . last house I visited; and Mr. Smith, . . . owner of . . . house, was burnt in . . . face.

3. Mr. Smith was holding . . . lighted match at . . . time of . . . explosion.

4. To prevent . . . possible repetition of this accident, I lent him . . . torch.

5. He switched on . . . torch, read . . . meter and wrote . . . reading down on . . back of . . . envelope.

5. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видовременные формы и залог глаголов-сказуемых и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. In fats and fixed oils the acids are combined with the trihydric alcohol glycerol.

2. He is pouring waters into a test tubes now.

3. They will be studying those elements all day long tomorrow.

4. Under herbs we mean the dried overground parts of herbaceous plants consisting of folliferous and floriferous stems.

5. Denatured alcohol is alcohol that has been rendered unfit for use by the addition of certain substances.

6. The properties of substances determine its value.

6. Перепишите предложения и поставьте: 1) общий вопрос к нему; 2) специальный вопрос ко всем членам предложения.

1. The material is stored in dry well-ventilated premises, in a place protected from light.

7. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в них Participle I, Participle II, Gerund и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно (он) определением, обстоятельством или частью сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. She kept on interrupting me while I was speaking.

2. The food which green plants use is manufactured in the leaves from the raw materials taken from the soil.

3. The process studied is known as photosynthesis.

4. Determining the leaf arrangement it is necessary to flatten it out on a glass plate.

8. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Mother had to tell her plainly what she thought of it.

2. I must explain it all to you.

3. She was feeling unwell yesterday, she shouldn’t have gone to her office.

4. You needn’t have boiled the water.

9. Переведите предложения.

1. Наша задача – получить раствор, не имеющий примесей.

2. Собирая травы, мы отбрасываем нижние толстые стебли.

3. Хроматография «газ-жидкость» была проведена с помощью газового хроматографа.

10. Прочитайте и письменно переведите тек­ст.

Пояснения к тексту

craft – ремесло

merchant guilds – купеческие гильдии

Grocers – бакалейщики

apothecaries – аптекари

Royal Charter – королевский указ

apprentice – помощник

The Emergence of Pharmacy

The preparation of medicines has occurred throughout history. The earliest records date from the second millennium ВС, and this practice occurred in the ancient civilizations of Egypt, Babylonia, Asia, Greece and Rome. In Britain during the Middle Ages, people having similar business interests or crafts grouped themselves together into craft or merchant guilds. In the fourteenth century the Company of Grocers of London was formed, of which apothecaries formed a sub-group. Two centuries later, the Society of Apothecaries was founded, and a subsequent Royal Charter established the apothecaries' monopoly in the dispensing of medicines against physicians' prescriptions, whilst members of the Company of Grocers retained the right to sell drugs and spices and later became known as 'druggists'. During the sixteenth century, people who were unable to either reach or afford a physician went to an apothecary for diagnosis, advice and supply of medicines.

Dispensing within the dispensary established by the College of Physicians in 1696 was performed by assistants, who were either druggists or apprentices to apothecaries. These later became known as 'dispensing chemists'. Thus by the eighteenth century three rival groups were involved in the compounding and dispensing of medicines, namely the apothecaries, druggists and dispensing chemists. In 1841 the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain was founded and incorporated by Royal Charter in 1843. The Society was founded to represent the interests of chemists and druggists, to raise their profile amongst the professions and to promote education and training. The Pharmacy Acts (1852 and 1868) restricted titles such as 'Pharmaceutical Chemist' and 'Pharmacist' to those registered with the Society, although membership was optional.

Since the Pharmacy and Poisons Act (1933) membership of the Pharmaceutical Society, together with the registration of premises has been required for all persons engaged in the selling or dispensing of listed poisons and controlled medicines. The premises should at all times be under the personal control of a pharmacist. In 1988 the Pharmaceutical Society was renamed the Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain.

ВАРИАНТ 10

1. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грам­матическим признаках, какой частью речи являются слова, оформ­ленные окончанием s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет.

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The Earth's surface is remarkably diverse.

2. In the lungs and air passages the allergic reactions produce symptoms of hay fever, asthma, granulomatous reactions, etc.

3. It is known that he works as an urologist.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обра­щая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.

1. Liquids such as olive oil and cod-liver oil a rich in esters of unsaturated acids.

2. Studies of pharmacy health education campaigns have been oriented to the prevention of disease.

3. Test reactions serve as an additional method for identification.