- •New Possibilities with Bendywood ………………………………….. 86
- •Some Words about Wood
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Match the words and word combinations in column a with their English
- •III. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. Translate the sentences into
- •IV. Read and translate the text. Some Words about Wood
- •VI. Fill in the correct word(s) from the list below. Use the words only once.
- •VII. Use the word combinations from ex. VI in the following sentences.
- •VIII. Give synonyms to the underlined words using the words from the list.
- •Meet, valuable, effectively, mainly, consider, affect
- •IX. Find in the text opposites to the following words.
- •X. Fill in the correct preposition if necessary and translate the sentences.
- •XI. Match the words with their definitions.
- •XII. One word in each line is odd. Cross this word out, and say why you have
- •XIII. Decide if the following statements are true or false. Correct the wrong
- •XIV. Translate the following sentences into English using the Passive Voice
- •XV. Talking points.
- •Structure of Wood
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations.
- •II. Match the words and word combinations in column a with their Ukrainian
- •III. Read and translate the following sentences.
- •IV. Read and translate the text. Structure of Wood
- •V. Which of the alternatives has the following meaning:
- •VI. Match the words in column a with their opposites in column b.
- •VII. Complete the sentences with the words from exercise VI.
- •VIII. Match the words and word combinations in column a with the words in
- •IX. Decide if the following statements are true or false. Correct the wrong
- •X. Periphrase the underlined parts of the sentences using the words and word
- •XI. Put the words in the correct order to make up sentences.
- •XII. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XIII. Answer the following questions.
- •Grain, Texture, and Figure
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations.
- •II. Match the words and word combinations in column a with their Ukrainian
- •III. Read and translate the following sentences.
- •IV. Read and translate the text.
- •V. Find for the words in column a (types of grain) their definitions in column b.
- •VI. A) Match the word-combinations in column a with their synonyms
- •In column b.
- •VII. Periphrase the underlined parts of the sentences using the words and word-
- •VIII. Each line of words has an odd word or word-combination. Cross out the
- •IX. Decide if the following sentences are true or false. Correct the false ones.
- •X. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XI. Answer the following questions.
- •Defects in Wood
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Match words and word combinations in column a with words and word
- •III. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.
- •IV. Read and translate the text. Defects in Wood
- •V. Complete the following sentences choosing the best answer a, b, c or d
- •Abnormal artificial suitable (2) distortion stiffness surrounding natural the longitudinal axis
- •VIII. Fill in prepositions. With by to (3) from across in of (2) on for at
- •In column b.
- •XI. Mark the statements t (true) or f (false) according to the information in the
- •XII. Guess the following words and word combinations.
- •XIII. Give the English equivalents.
- •XIV. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •XV. Talking points.
- •Physical, Mechanical and Technological Properties of Wood
- •I. Read and learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •III. Read and translate the following sentences.
- •IV. Read and translate the text. Physical, Mechanical and Technological Properties of Wood
- •V. Add the missing letters to the words below. Translate into Ukrainian.
- •VI. Match the words with their definitions.
- •VII. Match the words with the correct prepositions from the list below. If you are
- •From on within by (2) in to below
- •VIII. Complete the sentences using the words and word combinations from the
- •IX. Match the word combinations in a, b and c to make up sentences.
- •X. Are the following statements true or false? Correct the false sentences.
- •XI. Put the words in the right order to make questions. Work in pairs: let your
- •XII. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XIII. Talking points. Work with a partner to discuss the following:
- •How Industry Produces Lumber and Lumber Products
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.
- •III. Read the text and translate it. How Industry Produces Lumber and Lumber Products
- •Plain-sawn, trimmer, edging, crawler, grain, tree, chain, band, quarter-sawn, squared, sorting, accurate, chain, tree
- •VIII. Fill in the gaps with the verbs from the list changing the grammar form
- •IX. Fill in prepositions where necessary and translate the sentences into
- •X. Match the two parts of the sentences.
- •XI. Decide if the statements are true or false.
- •XII. Give the English equivalents.
- •XIII. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XIV. Answer the following questions.
- •Drying of Wood
- •I. Read and learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Match the English words and word combinations with their Ukrainian
- •III. Read and translate the following text. Drying of Wood
- •IV. Match words in a with the words in b to make a phrase. More than one
- •V. A) Guess the following words and word combinations.
- •VI. Which of the alternatives has the following meaning?
- •VII. Complete sentences by matching the parts in a with parts in b .
- •VIII. Periphrase the underlined parts of the sentences using the words from the
- •X. Put the words in the correct order to make questions. Let your partner
- •XI. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XII. Talking points. Discuss with your partner:
- •Particleboards
- •I. Learn the following vocabulary.
- •II. Match the English terms with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •III. Read and translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •IV. Read and translate the text.
- •V. Which of the alternatives has the following meaning:
- •VI. Match the phrases in a, b and c to make up sentences.
- •VII. Say whether the following sentences are true or false. Correct the wrong
- •VIII. Translate the following sentences into English using the Passive Voice
- •IX. Answer the following questions.
- •I. Learn the following vocabulary:
- •II. Guess the following words using ex. I.
- •III. Use the words from exercise II in the following sentences and translate them:
- •IV. Read and translate the text. Plywood
- •V. Complete the following sentences choosing the best answer a, b, or c according
- •VI. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to make word
- •VII. Use the word combinations from exercise VI in the following sentences.
- •VIII. Fill in the correct preposition if necessary and translate the sentences. Of at to with over upon into against onto under on
- •IX. Match the two parts of the sentences.
- •X. Decide if the following statements are true or false. Correct the wrong
- •XI. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XII. Talking points.
- •Finishing of Wood
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations.
- •II. Guess the following words using ex. I.
- •IV. Complete the following sentences choosing the best answer a, b, or c
- •VII. A) Match the words in column a with the words in column b to make a
- •VIII. Match the words with their definitions.
- •IX. Decide if the following statements are true or false. Correct the wrong
- •XI. Translate the following words and word combinations into English.
- •XIII. Talking points.
- •Texts for Supplementary Reading
- •Wood and Its Uses
- •Vocabulary:
- •Sawing Machinery
- •Fibreboard
- •Vocabulary:
- •Paperboard Usage and Making
- •Vocabulary:
- •New Possibilities with Bendywood
- •Vocabulary:
- •Adhesives
- •Vocabulary:
- •Vocabulary:
- •List of Common Wood Species
- •Raised grain рельєфна хвилястість (нерівність поверхні струганої дошки)
- •Warping of wood жолоблення деревини
- •Список використаної літератури
V. Complete the following sentences choosing the best answer a, b, or c according
to the text.
1. Plywood is …
a) a solid softwood material;
b) constructed with any number of layers;
c) a wood-based composite material.
2. The properties of plywood depend on …
the quality of the veneer used only;
nearly equal properties both along the length of the panel and width;
the quality of the different layers of veneer, order of layer placement, adhesive used, and control of bonding conditions.
3. There are two classes of plywood …
1) construction and industrial, and 2) hardwood and decorative;
1) peeler logs, and 2) peeler blocks;
1) construction, and 2) industrial.
4. The wet veneer is then …
brought to a veneer-cutting lathe;
dried in the steam- heated conveyor-drier;
taken to the layup area.
5. Adhesive is applied …
into plywood by hand or machine, or a combination of both;
in the pressing area;
to veneers in the layup area by spray, curtain coating, roller coating.
6. Panels are first subjected to cold pre-pressing …
to reduce the moisture content to the desired level;
to flatten the veneers;
to take the dried material to the layup area.
VI. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to make word
combinations and translate them.
A B
wood-based a) lathe
bonding b) ply
adjacent c) log
bonding d) composite material
veneer-cutting e) sheet
low-grade f) area
face g) machine
cabinet h) layer
peeler i) coating
10. construction j) plywood
11. decorative k) sawlog
12. sanding l) agent
13. layup m) panel
14. roller n) plywood
15. core o) pre-pressing
16. cold p) conditions
VII. Use the word combinations from exercise VI in the following sentences.
1. Plywood belongs to the class of _____ .
2. Plywood is a flat panel which is made of sheets of veneer called plies,
united under pressure by _____ to create a panel.
3. Plywood is always constructed with an odd number of layers with the
grain direction of _____ oriented perpendicular to one another.
4. Today, plywood is made from _____ or _____ .
5. The inner plies are called core and its grain is at the right angle to the
grain of the _____ .
6. Hardwood and _____ is normally used for decorative wall panels
and for furniture and _____ where appearance is more important than
strength.
7. The heated blocks are then brought to a _____ .
8. The dried material is taken to the _____ .
9. The _____ are coated evenly with adhesive on both sides.
10. Panels are first subjected to _____ to flatten the veneers.