- •New Possibilities with Bendywood ………………………………….. 86
- •Some Words about Wood
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Match the words and word combinations in column a with their English
- •III. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. Translate the sentences into
- •IV. Read and translate the text. Some Words about Wood
- •VI. Fill in the correct word(s) from the list below. Use the words only once.
- •VII. Use the word combinations from ex. VI in the following sentences.
- •VIII. Give synonyms to the underlined words using the words from the list.
- •Meet, valuable, effectively, mainly, consider, affect
- •IX. Find in the text opposites to the following words.
- •X. Fill in the correct preposition if necessary and translate the sentences.
- •XI. Match the words with their definitions.
- •XII. One word in each line is odd. Cross this word out, and say why you have
- •XIII. Decide if the following statements are true or false. Correct the wrong
- •XIV. Translate the following sentences into English using the Passive Voice
- •XV. Talking points.
- •Structure of Wood
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations.
- •II. Match the words and word combinations in column a with their Ukrainian
- •III. Read and translate the following sentences.
- •IV. Read and translate the text. Structure of Wood
- •V. Which of the alternatives has the following meaning:
- •VI. Match the words in column a with their opposites in column b.
- •VII. Complete the sentences with the words from exercise VI.
- •VIII. Match the words and word combinations in column a with the words in
- •IX. Decide if the following statements are true or false. Correct the wrong
- •X. Periphrase the underlined parts of the sentences using the words and word
- •XI. Put the words in the correct order to make up sentences.
- •XII. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XIII. Answer the following questions.
- •Grain, Texture, and Figure
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations.
- •II. Match the words and word combinations in column a with their Ukrainian
- •III. Read and translate the following sentences.
- •IV. Read and translate the text.
- •V. Find for the words in column a (types of grain) their definitions in column b.
- •VI. A) Match the word-combinations in column a with their synonyms
- •In column b.
- •VII. Periphrase the underlined parts of the sentences using the words and word-
- •VIII. Each line of words has an odd word or word-combination. Cross out the
- •IX. Decide if the following sentences are true or false. Correct the false ones.
- •X. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XI. Answer the following questions.
- •Defects in Wood
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Match words and word combinations in column a with words and word
- •III. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.
- •IV. Read and translate the text. Defects in Wood
- •V. Complete the following sentences choosing the best answer a, b, c or d
- •Abnormal artificial suitable (2) distortion stiffness surrounding natural the longitudinal axis
- •VIII. Fill in prepositions. With by to (3) from across in of (2) on for at
- •In column b.
- •XI. Mark the statements t (true) or f (false) according to the information in the
- •XII. Guess the following words and word combinations.
- •XIII. Give the English equivalents.
- •XIV. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •XV. Talking points.
- •Physical, Mechanical and Technological Properties of Wood
- •I. Read and learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •III. Read and translate the following sentences.
- •IV. Read and translate the text. Physical, Mechanical and Technological Properties of Wood
- •V. Add the missing letters to the words below. Translate into Ukrainian.
- •VI. Match the words with their definitions.
- •VII. Match the words with the correct prepositions from the list below. If you are
- •From on within by (2) in to below
- •VIII. Complete the sentences using the words and word combinations from the
- •IX. Match the word combinations in a, b and c to make up sentences.
- •X. Are the following statements true or false? Correct the false sentences.
- •XI. Put the words in the right order to make questions. Work in pairs: let your
- •XII. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XIII. Talking points. Work with a partner to discuss the following:
- •How Industry Produces Lumber and Lumber Products
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.
- •III. Read the text and translate it. How Industry Produces Lumber and Lumber Products
- •Plain-sawn, trimmer, edging, crawler, grain, tree, chain, band, quarter-sawn, squared, sorting, accurate, chain, tree
- •VIII. Fill in the gaps with the verbs from the list changing the grammar form
- •IX. Fill in prepositions where necessary and translate the sentences into
- •X. Match the two parts of the sentences.
- •XI. Decide if the statements are true or false.
- •XII. Give the English equivalents.
- •XIII. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XIV. Answer the following questions.
- •Drying of Wood
- •I. Read and learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Match the English words and word combinations with their Ukrainian
- •III. Read and translate the following text. Drying of Wood
- •IV. Match words in a with the words in b to make a phrase. More than one
- •V. A) Guess the following words and word combinations.
- •VI. Which of the alternatives has the following meaning?
- •VII. Complete sentences by matching the parts in a with parts in b .
- •VIII. Periphrase the underlined parts of the sentences using the words from the
- •X. Put the words in the correct order to make questions. Let your partner
- •XI. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XII. Talking points. Discuss with your partner:
- •Particleboards
- •I. Learn the following vocabulary.
- •II. Match the English terms with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •III. Read and translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •IV. Read and translate the text.
- •V. Which of the alternatives has the following meaning:
- •VI. Match the phrases in a, b and c to make up sentences.
- •VII. Say whether the following sentences are true or false. Correct the wrong
- •VIII. Translate the following sentences into English using the Passive Voice
- •IX. Answer the following questions.
- •I. Learn the following vocabulary:
- •II. Guess the following words using ex. I.
- •III. Use the words from exercise II in the following sentences and translate them:
- •IV. Read and translate the text. Plywood
- •V. Complete the following sentences choosing the best answer a, b, or c according
- •VI. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to make word
- •VII. Use the word combinations from exercise VI in the following sentences.
- •VIII. Fill in the correct preposition if necessary and translate the sentences. Of at to with over upon into against onto under on
- •IX. Match the two parts of the sentences.
- •X. Decide if the following statements are true or false. Correct the wrong
- •XI. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XII. Talking points.
- •Finishing of Wood
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations.
- •II. Guess the following words using ex. I.
- •IV. Complete the following sentences choosing the best answer a, b, or c
- •VII. A) Match the words in column a with the words in column b to make a
- •VIII. Match the words with their definitions.
- •IX. Decide if the following statements are true or false. Correct the wrong
- •XI. Translate the following words and word combinations into English.
- •XIII. Talking points.
- •Texts for Supplementary Reading
- •Wood and Its Uses
- •Vocabulary:
- •Sawing Machinery
- •Fibreboard
- •Vocabulary:
- •Paperboard Usage and Making
- •Vocabulary:
- •New Possibilities with Bendywood
- •Vocabulary:
- •Adhesives
- •Vocabulary:
- •Vocabulary:
- •List of Common Wood Species
- •Raised grain рельєфна хвилястість (нерівність поверхні струганої дошки)
- •Warping of wood жолоблення деревини
- •Список використаної літератури
X. Put the words in the correct order to make questions. Let your partner
answer these questions.
1. drying, why, for wood, required, is ?
2. can, drying, rate, how, in kilns, be increased ?
3. is, how, in batch, dried, process, lumber ?
4. temperatures, the same, kept, are, during, and humidities, drying process, the
entire?
5. devices (пристрої), for producing, used, what, are, air circulation, forced ?
6. is, water, removed, in the dehumidification, how, kiln ?
7. schedules, of lumber, drying, are, species, for all, the same ?
8. types, do, of batch, know, kilns, you, what ?
9. lumber, in the progressive, dried, how, kiln, is ?
10. is, of air pre-drying, the purpose, what, of lumber ?
XI. Translate the following sentences into English.
1. Сушіння деревини є важливою операцією в технології деревооброблення:
воно запобігає загниванню деревини, збільшує міцність, знижує вагу,
покращує якість склеювання і опорядження.
2. Якщо деревину твердолистяних порід планують використовувати для
виробництва меблів, то її потрібно висушити до рівня вологості, який
складає 6-8%
3. Попереднє сушіння деревини шляхом прискореного атмосферного
сушіння допомагає збільшити швидкість сушіння у сушарці.
4. У сушарках безперервної дії пиломатеріал поступово просувається від
одного кінця сушарки до іншого.
5. У сушарках періодичної дії пиломатеріал завантажується і залишається на
одному місці протягом усього процесу сушіння.
6. У деяких типах сушарок відпрацьоване вологе повітря не випускають
назовні для того, щоб видалити зайву воду.
7. У сушарках рейкового типу пиломатеріал навантажують у вагонетки, які
закочують і викочують з камери.
8. Сушарки безперервної дії з примусовою циркуляцією повітря
використовують для сушіння фанери.
9. Режим сушіння розробляється таким чином, щоб температура поступово
підвищувалася, а відносна вологість зменшувалась.
XII. Talking points. Discuss with your partner:
1. Advantages of dried wood over green wood;
2. Different moisture content levels to which lumber must be dried for each
specific use;
3. Different types of kilns.
Unit 8
Particleboards
I. Learn the following vocabulary.
Wood-based composites – деревинні композити
(wood)-particleboard – деревностружкова плита
residues – відходи (деревини)
shavings – стружка
slabs – обапіл (бічна частина колоди, що має одну пропиляну, а другу
непропиляну поверхню)
sawdust – тирса
edgings – обрізки (деревини)
density – щільність
low-density panel – плита невеликої щільності
medium-density panels – плита середньої щільності (MDF)
high-density panels – плита високої щільності
wood particles – деревні частинки
cereal straw – солома злакових рослин
to glue – склеювати
adhesive – клей, клеюча речовина
binding (bonding) agent – зв’язуюча речовина
pressure – тиск
flat pressing – пласке пресування
extrusion pressing – екструзивне пресування
batch pressing – періодичне пресування
progressive pressing – безперервне пресування
pre-pressing – підпресування
to require – потребувати
requirement – вимога
plane – площина
core – середній шар плити
the face of the board – зовнішній шар плити
grinding – подрібнення на дуже маленькі частинки
to chip –подрібнювати
chips – тріска
chipper – дробарка
hammer mill – молотковий млин
drum (belt) dryer – барабанна (стрічкова) сушарка
vibrating screen – вібраційне сито
swelling – набрякання, розбухання
hydrophobic additive – гідрофобна добавка
mat – килим (стружковий)
even distribution – рівномірний розподіл
to charge (to load)– завантажувати
to discharge – розвантажувати
pallet – піддон
to sand – шліфувати
to plane – стругати
to reduce – зменшувати
to be fed – подаватися
hot press – прес для гарячого пресування
