3. Переведите на английский язык:

1.В возрасте 16 лет каждый житель Великобритании обязан сдать экзамены на получение Сертификата о среднем образовании.

2. Экзамены продвинутого уровня являются необходи­мым требованием для поступления в университет.

3. Британские университеты являются полностью са­моуправляемыми.

4. В 1992 году Политехническим институтам была предоставлено право стать университетами.

5.Открытый университет, широко известный своими технологиями дистанционного обучения, был основан в 1969 году.

6. В 60-е годы в Соединённом королевстве наметился значительный рост числа университетов.

7. Размер гранта на обучение определяется исходя из дохода родителей.

4. Что Вы, будучи студентом по обмену в Оксфордском университете, расскажете своим российским друзьям об организации учебного процесса в университетах Великобритании, о трудовой деятельности и быте студентов, об их досуге?

5. Прочитайте и перескажите текст на английском языке.

London

London, the capital of Great Britain, is one of the largest cities in the world. It is a big port and a major industrial, commercial and cultural centre. London is situated on the Thames River which flows into the North Sea. For centuries entry to London from the sea was guarded by the Tower fortress. The Tower was built 9 centuries ago. It served ones as a royal residence and later as a prison.

London grew out of the ancient centre known as the City. The City is London’s business district. Banks, offices and trusts are centered there. Employees and businessmen stream toward to the City in the morning. The road to the City runs across London Bridge. By 6 o’clock in the evening this part of the city is almost deserted. The streets in the City are narrow and the traffic is very slow.

One of the most interesting monuments in the City is St. Paul’s Cathedral. It is the finest Renaissance church in Europe. The Cathedral was designed by the great English architect Sir Christopher Wren. It took him 35 years, and when he was an old man of 90, he was carried here once a year so that he could see his beautiful work. Inside there is a great number of monuments to generals and admirals. Admiral Nelson and Duke of Wellington are buried there among other great Englishmen.

The West End is the most pleasant residential area of London. There are lovely parks in the West End, among them one of the most popular is Hide Park with its Speaker’s Corner where speakers from various political parties hold public meetings. There are also luxuries mansions and elegant shops and restaurants as well as theatres, museums and hotels. Oxford Street is one of the busiest thoroughfares in the West End. While the West End is a residential district of the wealthy, the East End is the place where chiefly industrial and dock workers who live there.

5. Творческий проект: подготовьте презентации на одну из следующих тем:

– «Лондон – столица Великобритании»,

– « Королевская семья»,

– «Достопримечательности Великобритании».

UNIT 6

ENGLISH SPEAKING COUNTRIES

Text 1. The USA

The USA is situated in the central part of the North American Continent. The USA is the 4-th largest country in the world after Russia, Canada and China. The total area of the USA (including the District of Columbia) is 9,809,155 sq. km. It is washed by 3 oceans: the Arctic, the Atlantic and the Pacific. [3] The population of the USA is over 317 million people.

There are any rivers on the US territory. The longest of them are the Mississippi, the Missouri, the Yukon, the Columbia, and the Colorado. The country has many lakes, with the Great Lakes included. The Great Lakes are situated in the northeast of the country. On the US territory there are mountains and lowlands. The highest mountains are the Rocky Mountains, the Cordillera and the Sierra Nevada. The Highest peak, Mount McKinley, is located in Alaska. [3] The region of the Cordilleras has semi deserts, while the rest of the territory is rich in forests.

Officially the country is comprises 50 states and one District of Columbia. The capital of the USA is Washington. It is situated in the District of Columbia on the banks of the Potomac River and named after the 1^st US President. There many large cities in the USA: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Philadelphia, Detroit, San-Francisco, Cleveland and some others. The national symbol of the USA is its national flag “Stars and Strips”, having 50 white stars and 13 white and red strips on its field, symbolising the number of the original and present day states. [3]

The climate varies from moderate to subtropical. Along the Pacific and Atlantic coasts it is oceanic. Most of the USA territory is marked by sharp differences between winter and summer. Average winter temperature is about 25 degrees below zero in Alaska and up to 20 degrees above zero in Florida. Average summer temperature varies from 14 degrees above zero in the western part and up to 32 degrees above zero in the southeast. The largest amount of rainfall is noted in Alaska and the southwest of the country. In winter the northern part of the USA usually has a steady snow cover.

In California, where the climate is usually mild, the famous fruit-raising area is located. Californian oranges, grapefruit and lemons are sold all over the USA and other parts of the world.

The plains of Wyoming, stretching for hundreds of miles, are covered with short grass and sagebrush. This is the land of cattle- and sheep breeding. The south of the country has been an agricultural region for many years. It raises the nation's cotton and tobacco. The USA also grows wheat, corn and different vegetables.

There are a lot of national parks in the USA, the aim of which is to preserve the beauty and treasures of the nature.

Text 2. The Economy of the USA