To be raised both axis bed cross drilling horizontal lubricate milling perpendicular allows manually classed solid orientation spindle tool turret workpiece allowing

A milling machine is a machine (1) _____ used to machine (2) ___ materials. Milling machines are often (3)____ in two basic forms, horizontal and vertical, which refers to the (4)_____ of the main spindle. (5)____ types range in size from small, bench-mounted devices to room-sized machines. (6)_____ and cutter movement are precisely controlled to less than 0.001 in (0.025 mm), usually by means of precision ground slides and leadscrews or analogous technology. (7) _____ machines may be (8) ___ operated, mechanically automated, or digitally automated via computer numerical control. Milling machines can perform a vast number of operations, from simple to complex. Cutting fluid is often pumped to the cutting site to cool and (9) _____ the cut and to wash away the resulting swarf. In the vertical mill the spindle (10) _____ is vertically oriented. Milling cutters are held in the spindle and rotate on its axis. The (11) _____ can generally be extended (or the table can be raised/lowered, giving the same effect), (12)___ plunge cuts and (13) _____. There are two subcategories of vertical mills: the (14) _____ mill and the turret mill. A (15) _____ mill has a stationary spindle and the table is moved both perpendicular and parallel to the spindle axis to accomplish cutting. The most common example of this type is the Bridgeport, described below. Turret mills often have a quill which (16) __ the milling cutter (17) ___ and lowered in a manner similar to a drill press. This type of machine provides two methods of cutting in the vertical direction: by raising or lowering the quill, and by moving the knee. In the bed mill, however, the table moves only (18)____ to the spindle's axis, while the spindle itself moves parallel to its own axis. A (19) _____ mill has the same sort of x–y table, but the cutters are mounted on a horizontal arbor across the table. Many horizontal mills also feature a built-in rotary table that allows milling at various angles; this feature is called a universal table. While end mills and the other types of tools available to a vertical mill may be used in a horizontal mill, their real advantage lies in arbor-mounted cutters, called side and face mills, which have a (20) _____ section rather like a circular saw, but are generally wider and smaller in diameter.

Exercise 10. Decipher and translate the following abbreviations into Ukrainian or Russian.

1. MTB –

2. СТС –

3. MTF –

4. CAD/CAM process –

5. MRO –

6. OEM –

7. GTAW –

8. h.p. –

9. ft per min –

10. gal. –

11. in.per min –

12. in. per rev –

13. p.s.f. –

14. r.p.m. –

15. TFM –

16. TFO –

17. COL –

18. ‘cp’s. –

19. deg. -

20. mpg -

Exercise 11. Translate and learn by heart these terms and terminological combinations into English.

Токарно-гвинтові верстати, нарізання різьби, заготівка, шпиндель, мітчик, плашки, обробка, токарно-карусельні верстати, подача, токарні верстати із числовим програмним керуванням, токарно-револьверні верстати, лобові верстати, токарно-копіювальний верстат, шаблон, фасонування, свердління, розточування, розшивка, фасонний токарний верстат, машинобудування, жорсткість, достатня потужність, високі частоти обертання шпинделя, обробляти деталі на підвищених режимах різання, гідрокопіювальний супорт, отвори, задня/передня бабки, фартук, пружина муфта, для обробки зовнішніх і внутрішніх поверхонь, фреза, полозки шліфувальної бабки, станина.

Exercise 12. Translate the text into English paying attention to new words and word combinations