Curriculum Vitae

Name: Camilla M. Wilson

Address: 12 East End Road, London N.W. 44

Telephone: 50161152 (home) 0845802 (work)

Date of Birth: 11 June 1970

Marital Status: single

Education:

Bell Comprehensive School, London 1981-1986

London Technical College 1986-1988

Qualifications:

C.S.E. Maths, English, Geography, History, Chemistry 1985

G.C.E. “O” Level Commerce, Economics, Spanish 1986

G.N.V.Q. Business, Computer Information Systems 1987

BTEC National Secretarial Practice 1988

Experience:

Secretary

To Sales Director: BIM Networks, London 1988-1989

Personal assistant

To Export Manager: BIM Networks, London 1989 till now

For the last three years I have been responsible for international and public relations of BIM Networks.

Other Information:

I am computer literate and like to work on my own initiative. I have been to Russia, representing BIM Networks at the International Computer Exhibitions. I speak Russian quite well (intermediate level), French very well (advanced level).

Interests:

Languages, tennis, reading, computer programs, classical music

References:

Mr. J. Dike, Personenel Manager, BIM Networks, 16 Oakleaf Square, London, SE 932

Miss Joanna Raynor, Head Teacher, Bell Comprehensive School, 34 Fitzroy Square, London, W1P 6BP

C.S.E. - Certificate of Secondary Education

G.C.E. – General Certificate of Education

“O” Level – ordinary level

G.N.V.Q. – General National Vocational Qualifications

BTEC – Business Technician Education Council

5. Compile your own CV trying to follow the pattern.

RESUME

Name:

Address:

Phone:

Date of Birth:

Education:

Experience:

Interests:

References:

UNIT 2

1. Read and translate the following text

Regulatory controls on shipping

International framework

The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982 (UNCLOS) establishes the general rights and obligations of the flag State. Within the United Nations two specialized agencies deal with maritime affairs, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO), and they have a responsibility for devising and developing conventions and guidelines under which ships can be regulated. In general, matters concerning safety at sea, pollution prevention and the training of seafarers are dealt with by the IMO, whereas the ILO deals with matters concerning working and living conditions at sea.

The role of the flag State

The international conventions developed by the IMO form the main framework of safety, training and pollution prevention regulation, with the SOLAS, Tonnage Measurement, Load Line, STCW and MARPOL conventions being the key regulations. The International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention (ISM Code) forms part of the SOLAS convention.

Any State that signs or ratifies a convention should apply it to and enforce it on all the ships it has under its Registry. To ensure that ships meet and then subsequently maintain convention and other statutory standards, a flag State needs to have in place arrangements to initially verify the condition of ships to check that they can be safely certificated, and means to periodically re-inspect and re-certify those ships. This responsibility applies regardless of whether a flag State carries out its surveys and inspections using its own people or authorizes a Recognized Organization (RO) to undertake work and issue statutory certificates on its behalf. A flag State should investigate casualties and detentions and monitor the work of any RO that acts on its behalf. A flag State has the right to de-register any ship that fails to meet and maintain convention standards.

Classification rule-making and its role

Classification societies develop rules for the design and construction of ships. Class rules therefore focus on the structure of the ship and the materials, scantlings and essential engineering systems, like the main engine, used in its construction. They also ensure that the ship is built to an adequate strength to carry cargoes under specified conditions of loading and states of accidental flooding. Classification and convention requirements can be inter-related. The issuing of the Load Line and Cargo Ship Safety Construction certificates would require, for example, the ship to be built and maintained to class rules.

The principal societies are members of the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS), a body that primarily deals with technical issues and the development of unified rules and standards for its members. It also provides technical guidance to the IMO and assists in the development of convention standards.

For class certification to be maintained, a ship must undergo regular class surveys. The surveyor will want to satisfy himself that a ship is in a satisfactory condition today and will also be able to maintain its class until its next scheduled survey. A society can suspend or withdraw the class of a ship at anytime, and if this happens, the ability of a ship to continue trading will be severely affected.

Many flag States appoint IACS member societies as RO's and delegate to them their statutory survey and inspection work and now, following the introduction of the ISM Code, also their audit work.

The rights of a port State

Under control provisions that can be traced back to the 1929 SOLAS Convention, port Slates have certain rights to exercise authority over ships in their waters and that includes checking that the foreign ships visiting their ports meet all the appropriate convention standards. Evidence that convention regulations and class rules have been met is generally provided by the presence on board of valid с indicates. An initial port State control (PSC) inspection can therefore be expected to focus on checking both the ship's certificates and its overall condition.

PSC activity developed along regional lines with the signing of the Paris Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on Port State Control, now simply referred to as the Paris MOU, in 1982. Within ten years, PSC regional agreements had been formed in South America and in Asia. Today, most ports around the world are within a PSC region. The United States (US) has, however, chosen to remain outside of any regional grouping. It operates its own PSC program.

A State may also enact its own domestic laws and impose additional national rules and regulations on foreign ships entering its waters. For example, the United States has enacted the Oil Pollution Act, 1990 (OPA 90) and European Union (EU) Directive 95/21/EC places a legal requirement on all EU member States to carry out port State control inspections. Ships may therefore have to comply with additional regional laws.

Today an internet-based open access database exists where information on ships, including their PSC detention and classification records, is published and made available to all to read.

Self-regulation and the duties of a shipping company

Irrespective of the duties beholden on flag States and classification societies, the day-to-day responsibility for the safe, pollution-free operation and proper maintenance of a ship still rests with the shipping company and the crews it employs. The ISM Code now provides the ship and the company ashore with a structure or 'management system' within which to work, and one that places a strong emphasis on self-regulation.

In working with the Code, the task of complying with convention and class requirements should be made much easier. The Code does not add to the ship's regulatory burden, but it helps ensure that the existing rules and regulations can be properly complied with.

2. Answer the following questions

1. What is the international framework to deal with the maritime affairs?

2. What is the role of the flag State?

3. What must a vessel do for class certification to be maintained?

4. What do the rights of a port State include?

5. Why is the self-regulation so important?

3. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Russian

Framework, maritime affairs, obligation, training of seafarers, Tonnage Measurement, Load Line, to enforce, to verify, on one’s behalf, casualties and detentions, structure of the ship, accidental flooding, to undergo regular class surveys, to suspend, to withdraw, to comply with.

4. Translate the following texts from Russian into English