Word building

Exercise 50 Change the form of the words in brackets to complete the sentence.

Model: What’s that funny noise? (fun)

Max never keeps his promises. He is very unreliable. (rely)

1. Have I told you about the most (embarrass) moment in my life? 2. Do you know if this mushroom is (poison)? 3. The rate of (literate) amongst the poor is still quite high, despite all the (improve) in education. 4. Jane was so (disappoint) that she didn’t get the job. 5. I want to complain. Your sales assistants were very (help). They couldn’t give me any of the information I needed. 6. I’m afraid most of the points you have made in your essay are (relevant). 7. The extent of the damage after the storm was terrible, quite (believe) in fact. 8. What you need is a really (relax) holiday! 9. Parents should always take (responsible) for their children’s bad behaviour. 10. It’s (use) talking to him. He won’t listen to a word you say. 11. My brother was (conscious) for two hours after he fell off his bike. 12. We are sorry to inform you that your application has been (success). 13. This wet weather is so (depress). 14. He was accused of (loyal) to the company, and asked to resign from his job. 15. Do you have good (relations) with your mother-in-law?

Exercise 51 Put one of the adjectives into each gap. Sometimes more than one is possible.

interested / interesting; bored / boring; embarrassed / embarrassing; tired / tiring; surprised / surprising

1. Your news was very ... . I’m pleased you’re enjoying yourself. 2. I liked the book until the end. It had a ... ending which I didn’t like. 3. - How was your journey? - Very ... . I think I’ll go to bed. 4. The play was so ... that I fell asleep. 5. He started to tell a joke about the director when the director came into the room. It was very ... . 6. You look ... . Have you had a busy day? 7. It’s Sunday and I don’t know what to do. I’m ... . 8. Are you ... in museums? I’m going to the National this afternoon. Do you want to come?

Grammar revision

Exercise 52 Put the verb in brackets in the appropriate tense. When there is no verb, insert an auxiliary verb.

My wife and I (live) in our present house in the country for five years. We (move) here after our second child (be) born .We (live) in town for ten years, and (decide) that as soon as we (can) afford it, we (move) away from the smoke and the noise of the city centre, which we finally (...) in 1985. We (...) never (regret) it.

We (be) reminded of the wisdom of our decision every morning when we (draw) the curtains to see open fields stretching before us. When the children (have) breakfast, they (rush) outside to play, which they (...) whatever the weather. Whilst they (play) outside, we somehow manage to start the day.

Exercise 53 Put the verb in brackets in the appropriate tense. When there is no verb, insert an auxiliary verb.

Actually, we (think) of moving. My wife (accept) a new job, which she (start) next month. As soon as she (...), she (have) a journey of fifty miles there and back, and I (not think) that she (realize) just how tiring this (be). I (go) away on business for a few days next week, and while I (be) away, my sister (come) to stay, which she (...) quite often. Once I (be) back, I (decide) that I (get) in touch with some estate agents. I (not feel) happy until we (find) a house closer to my wife’s job. I wonder what the children (say) when they (hear) that we (move). This is the first time they (live) in the country, and they (hate) to move back to a town.

Exercise 54 Comment on the sentences given below. Explain the points of difference.

1. 1. Bob must have failed the exam. He has been working by fits and starts^*. 2. Bob may have failed the examination. He never impressed me as a bright boy. 3. Bob can’t have failed the examination. He’s quite at home in English. 4. Bob couldn’t have possibly failed the examination. He’s such a conscientious student.

2. 1. They couldn’t have gone to Sochi by sea! She’s a poor sailor. 2. They should have gone to Sochi by sea. It was easy to get accommodation. 3. They may have gone there by sea. Perhaps they made reservation in proper time. 4. They can’t have gone to Sochi by sea. The season is in full swing and it is impossible to book a passage.

3. 1. Jane can’t have been detained at school. We left together an hour ago. 2. Jane may have been detained at school. She often has to stay behind after classes. 3. Jane couldn’t have been detained at school. I believe I was the last to leave. 4. Jane ought to have been detained at school. The teacher wanted the class to help him prepare things for the party.

^*by fits and starts – уривками

Exercise 55 Write one sentence instead of the given two using the Complex Object.

Model: I saw John every day. He often spoke with his friends. – I often saw John speak with his friends. (оr: John speaking)

1. I watched the sun. It was rising. 2. I heard him. He was singing an English song. 3. We noticed a man. The man was cleaning his shoes. 4. He saw two girls. They were dancing on the stage. 5. She watched the children. They ran about and played in the garden. 6. Every night we saw our neighbour. He listened to the news. 7. John heard his daughter. She was talking loudly. 8. We saw Roger. He was crossing the square. 9. They heard their father. He played the piano every night.

Exercise 56 Rewrite sentences using the Complex Subject.

Model: It is said that he knows the subject well. – He is said to know the subject well.

1. It is believed that the expedition will return next Sunday. 2. It is supposed that the students have already submitted their term papers. 3. It was said that the performance had been a success. 4. It is supposed that the coming conference is of great importance for our work. 5. It is likely that the meeting will take place tomorrow. 6. It seems that he possesses a valuable collection of pictures. 7. It seems to me that she is seriously ill. 8. It seems to me he was tired. 9. It is known that the Gulf Stream brings warm waters to the British shores. 10. It is known that the coastline of the British Isles is irregular. 11. It is reported that great construction work is going on in their city.